英语八年级下册知识点汇总
UNIT 5 Feeling Excited
Topic1 I’m so happy
Be able to do sth 尽可能做sth on one’s way 在某人去哪里的路上
one of +the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式 最、、、之一
Invite sb to do sth 邀请sb做sth say thanks to sb 感谢sb prepare for sth为 sth做好准备
See a movie 看电影 care for关心 be mad at sth 为sth发疯 come into being 开始形成 Make peace 创造和平
in the end 最后、最终 used to do 过去常常做sth
be interessted in sth 对sth感兴趣
Be popular with 受、、、欢迎 cheer up使振作起来、使高兴起来
语法句型：
主系表结构:主语+联系动词+形容词
You look exciced .
It tastes delicious .
We feel excited to hear it .
Topic 2 I’m feeling better now .
Be strict with sb 对某人严厉 be strict at sth 对某事严厉
Have a talk with sb 与某人谈一谈 make friends with sb与某人交朋友 Be worried about sb 担心某人 what’s more 此外；而且
Make sb laugh 使某人大笑 as well as 也、、、、、、
be used to do sth 习惯于做什么
as+形容词或副词原级+as 像、、、、、、一样 ；如同
not so +形容词或副词原级+as 不如、、、；不像、、、
语法、句型：
用于修饰主句中动词、形容词或副词的表示原因的句子，叫做原因状
语从句
引导原因状语从句的从属连词
主要的有because, as, since,seeing (that), now (that), considering
(that)，in that等：
The woolly shrank because it was washed badly. 毛衣因洗的方法
不好而缩水。
I can’t get to sleep because of the noise outside. 由于外面声音嘈
杂我睡不着。
Since *As+ we’ve no money, we can’t buy it. 由于我们没钱，我们无
法购买它。
Seeing that it’s raining, we’d better stay indoors. 既然外边在下雨，我们
最好待在室内。
Now that you are here, you’d better stay. 你既然来了，最好还是留下吧
(既来之，则安之)。
Topic3 Many things can affect our feelings .
词组：
Have a test 参加考试 give a speech举行演讲 because of因为
fall off 跌落、下降 on the weekend 在周末 Put on 穿上、上演 keep us healthy保持健康的 get ready for it准备好做sth
That’ a good idea !那是一个好主意
Live in sp 居住在某地 fill with sth充满sth some day未来的某一天 cheer sb up 使某人振作精神 have trouble doing sth 做某事有麻烦 talk about sth 谈论某事 such as比如
be in a good mood 保持好心情 Take care of sb 照顾sb
it is important for sb to do sth 对某人来说做什么是重要的
语法、句型：
六中简单句型
S+V+P主系表结构 The story sounds interesting．
S+V+O主谓宾结构 They built a house last year．
S+V主谓结构 He runs quickly．
S+V+IO+DO双宾语结构 He offered me his seat/ his seat to me．
S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补 They felt the car moving fast．
There be 结构 There are many apples
S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；IO＝间接宾语；DO＝直
接宾语；C＝宾语补足语
UNIT 6 Enjoying Cycling
Topic 1 I have some exciting news to tell you .
词组：
It take sb sometime to do sth花费某人时间做某事
The best way to do sth做某事做好的方法 find out发现
go on a trip 去旅行 make the decisions 做决定
Plan to do计划做某事 start out出发 order a lunch 订午餐
arrive at sp 到达某地 （小地点） arrive in sp 到达某地地点）
pay for sth 为sth付款
It is common to do sth做某事是平常的 raise money募捐钱
语法、句型：
不定式to do
I have some exciting news to tell you .
But it will take us s few days to get to there by bike .
Kangkang helped us to book the tickets .
Why don’t we put on a show to raise money ?
Topic 2 How about exploring Tian’anmen Square ?
词组：
Be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 a lot of许多、大量的
be looking forward to doing sth期待做某事
Help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 plan to do sth计划做某事
about doing sth 表建议 in the center of 在什么中间
from north to south 从南到北 by the way顺便一提
can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做sth
Far from sp距离某地很远 look for寻找 be full of充满
took out 拿出、带出 step on one’s feet踩在某人脚上 how
Push one’s way out 推出一条路来 get up起床 a lot of许多、大量
的
语法、句型：
时间状语从句
时间状语从句的连接词大多数有，
when ,while ,as,before,after,until,till、、、
1、when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一
个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在
进行时，when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。 实际上，when 从句
也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个
时间参照点。
When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 当我赶到飞机场时，客人
们已经离开了。
When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I’ll talk with
him about this.
下周，经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。
2、相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从
句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事
件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的
是正在进行时。
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.
当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。
While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him.
正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。
While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课
铃响了。
as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。
但与 while 从句不同的是，as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只
是一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成“边……边……”
As my mother sang those old songs, tears ran down her cheeks.
当我妈妈唱起那些老歌时，眼泪顺着她的脸颊流了下来。
The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔
记。
如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，
when，while，as 可以互换使用。
When /While /As we were dancing, a stranger came in.
当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 [dance 为延续性动
词]
When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter.
当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 [make为延续性动词]
as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
例如：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came
up to me.
我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。
5、当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从
句，不可用as 或 while。
例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
干完活后，你可以休息一下。
6、从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用when 或while。
例如： As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过
去，天气越变越坏。
Before是主句动作发生在从句的前面。After表示主句动作发生在从
句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句
相反。例如：
It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑
过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
until与till
此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动
词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动
词为延续性或非延续性都可以.
正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式
还是否定式。
肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。 （在肯定句中可用
before代替。例如：Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.）
否定句：She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 她直到6点才到。
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳
后再下车。
I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how. 直
到你教我后，我才会做。
区别：1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
例如：Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
3）until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。例如：
---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候？
--- Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
4）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。
例如：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man
know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I
had wasted.
直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了许多岁月。
5）It is not until… that….
例如：It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had
wasted.
Topic3 Bicycle riding is good exercise .
词组：
See sb do sth看到某人做某事（强调动作发生的过程，已经完成）
see sb doing sth看到某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行）
be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事
it is easy to do sth 做某事是容易的 ride one’s bike骑某人的自行车 get used to do sth 习惯做某事
Break the rule违反规则 why don’t +v原形 为什么不、、(表建议) be good for 对、、、有益
Share sth with sb与某人分享sth pay attention to集中注意力做某
obey the rule 遵守规则 In case of 假如、如果 call sb for help向某人寻求帮助 give first aid 急救 in a world 总之 Best way to do sth 做某事最好的方法 as much as尽可能的多 as soon as 尽可能的快 walk across the road 穿过马路 so on 等等 have a wonder time
玩的开心、玩的愉快
语法、句型：
条件状语从句
条件状语从句由连词if, unless (=if not) 引导。
1.If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
如果明天不下雨, 我们就去远足.
2.You will get good grades if you study hard.
如果你努力学习,就会取得好成绩.
3.I will go to the party unless he goes there too.
我会去参加聚会的, 除非他也去.(如果他不去,我就去.)
4.You will be late unless you leave immediately.
如果你不马上走,你将会迟到的.(=If you don't leave immediately, you will be late.)
UNIT 7 Food Festival
Topic 1 We’re preparing for a food festival .
词组：
Know about 了解 start to do 开始做sth raise money募捐钱 try to do sth尝试做sth get in touch with sb 与某人取得联系 on the Internet 在网上 think about 思考、考虑
try one’s best to do sth尽某人最大努力做某事
make a success取得了成功 what’s more此外、而且
A lot of money 许多钱 be born in sp出生在sp decide to do sth 决定做sth so that 因此As a result 结果是 invite sb to do邀请某人去做某事 join in= take part in 参加活动 join加入某人、团体 语法、句型:
宾语从句(I)
结构：主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）+从属连词+句子
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
1、I don’t think that it is right for him to treat you like that.（that 可以省略）
在以下情况中that不能省略
2、当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。
例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
3、当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
4、当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.
（二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
例句：I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句
在带to的不定式前
例句：We decided whether to walk there.
在介词的后面
例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
在动词后面的宾语从句时
例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week 直接与or not连用时
例句：I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.
只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句
if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”
例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.
if引导否定概念的宾语从句时
例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.
引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时
例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.
（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。
例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?
英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。 例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. Topic 2 I’m not sure whether I can cook it well .
I’d like to =want to do sth 想要做sth be glad that 乐意做sth
It’s +adj+(for sb )of sb to do sth 对某人来说做sth是adj. Learn to do sth学习做sth of course 当然
cut、、、into 把什么分成、、 put sth on sth把、、、放在、、、 Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧 start with sth 以、、、开始 it’s polite to do sth 做sth是礼貌的
for the first time 第一次 you’d better do sth最好做sth
Drink to sb与sb干杯 eat up 吃完
remember to do sth 记得做sth 还没做的sth
remember doing sth 记得做某事已经做的某事
宾语从句（II）(同I)
Topic 3 T he food festival is now open !
Enjoy yourself 玩的开心、愉快 thank for doing sth 谢谢做sth wish sb sth 祝愿sb sth Hold a food festival 举行一个饮食节 order a meal 订晚餐 see you soon 一会儿见 see you再见 Have some good news to tell you 有一些好消息告诉你
As +adj/adv+as 和、、、一样adj/adv
副词比较级与最高级
UNIT 8 Our Clothes
Topic 1 We will have a class fashion show .
So、、、that如此、、以至于、、 so that 因此
such 、、、that 如此、、以致 see you tomorrow 明天见
be prepare for sth 为sth做准备 At once 立刻、马上
be good at =do well in 擅长做sth
be good for 对、、、有益 Be bad at =do badly in 不擅长做sth 语法句型：
含有so、、、that /so that /such、、、that /的状语从句
要点: 目的状语从句由连词that, so that, so…that , in order that 引导。
1. so that 以至, 以便
I'll run slowly so that you can catch up with me. (目的)
我将慢慢跑以至你能赶上我。
I opened the window so that fresh air might come in. (目的)
我把窗户打开以使新鲜空气可以进来。
2 .in order that=so that:为了
We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements.
不久我们将会让你知道详情,以便你们能够做出安排。(目的) 要点:结果状语从句由连词( so )that, so…that, such…that引导。
1. so…that 如此…以至于
The scientist's report was so instructive that we were all very excited. 科学家的报告很有启发性，我们感到很兴奋。
He always studied so hard that he made great progress.
他总是那么努力，结果他取得了很大的进步。
2. such…that 如此。。。以至
It's such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.
天气是如此的好，我们大家都想去公园玩。
3.比较:so和 such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little(这四个形容词表多或表少时)连用，形成固定搭配。
so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。 The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school
难点
so that ,such…that 都可以引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句，
当他们引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等词。
so +adj或adv.+ that， such +n.+ that 以上两种句型都表示结果,其中so为副词,后接形容词，副词原型，当可数名词前有many, few;不可数名词前有much, little修饰时，应采用句型:so many (few, much, little )+n. 。 such为形容词, 后只能接名词。这名词既可以是可数的，也可以是不可数的。如果这名词是可数,单数,则必须在名词前加冠词a/(an). 常见的形式是:such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.
1。I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over.
我跌了很多跤，浑身数摔得清一块紫一块.
2。there are so few notebooks that I can't give you any.
笔记本太少了,我一本也给不了你.
3。It is such nice weather that I'd like to take a walk.
天气是如此之好,以至于我想去散散步.
4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.
麦克是如此诚实的一个人,以至于大家都相信他
(=Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.)
5。The weather is so nice that I'd like to take a walk.
天气是如此之好,以至于我想去散散步.
Topic 2 We can design our own uniforms .
词组：
By oneself 由某人自己 be glad to do sth 乐意做某事 take off 脱下、起飞 get help from sb 从sb那里得到帮助 it’s + adj. (necessary )+for sb to do sth 对sb来说做sth是adj. Protect sb from sth 保护sb免于sth in the daily life 日常生活
语法、句型：
宾语从句(III)(同I)
Topic 3 He said the fashion show was wonderful .
词组：
good idea好主意 be sure about sth 确信sth take photos 拍照片 be full of 、、、 充满、、、 Not only 、、、but also 、、、不仅、、、而且、、、 stand for 代表 from then on从此时起 do the dishes 洗盘子 All over the world 全世界 such as例如 put away放好、储存 语法、句型：
宾语从句（IV）(同I)