新目标英语七年级上册语法知识总结与练习
新目标英语七年级上册语法知识总结与练习
一.代词 (pron.)
(一) 翻译成英语:
1.我是_______________ 2.我父母________________ 3.你可以______________ 4.你的电话号码______________5. 谢谢你_____________6. 他有________________ 7.他的姓氏_____________ 8. 听他说_____________ 9. 她喜欢它。____________ 10.她全家照______________ 11.帮助她____________ 12. 它吃________________ 13.它名字______________14.看见它____________ 15.我们想要____________ 16.我们最喜爱的水果_____________________ 17.加入我们_________ 18. 他们唱歌___________ 19.他们旧电脑_______________20.画出它们__________ (二) 选词填空:
1. What’s ________ name? (you / your ) _________ name is Bob. ( My / I / me) 2. _________ erasers are in ________drawer. (her / she / Her / She) 3. Can ________(you / your ) do _______ (you / your ) homework? 4. ___________ is a cat. ________ name is Mimi. ( it / its / It / Its ) 5. _________ brother can speak Japanese. (He’s / His / He )
6. Please take _________ keys to school. __________ are on the table. ( they / their / them / They / Their / Them ) 7. __________ is thirteen years old. __________ birthday is March 1st. (He / His / Him) 8. __________ favorite vegetable is tomato. (her / she / Her / She)
9. Can you help ______ ?( we / us / our) Please take ______ to school. ( they / their / them) 10. _________ can’t see _________baseball. It’s behind _________.( My / I / me / my ) (三)完成句子:
1. A: What’s this / that ? B: _________ is a dresser. A: How do you spell _________ , please ? B: D-R-E-S-S-E-R. 2. A: What are these / those ? B: _________ are tomatoes. 3. A: Does Cindy like salad? B: No, _________doesn’t. 4. A: How much are his shoes? B: _________ are 100 dollars. 5. A: Is Alan your friend? B: Yes, _________ is. 6. A: Do you have a soccer ball? B: Yes, _________ do. 7. A: Who is that girl? B: _________ is Jack’s sister.’
8. This is David and this is Tim. _________ are our friends. We often help _________ . 9. Those are strawberries. Sally likes _________. 10. The pants are nice. I’ll take _________.
二. 名词的格:
(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:
Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车
e)要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加’s Tom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车
(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of +名词”来表示所有关系:如: a picture of the classroom a map of China
翻译:
1. 汤姆的背包________________ 2. 我朋友的生日聚会__________________ 3. 他们父母亲的房间____________ 4. 露西和莉莉家的书橱_________________________ 5. 一张吉姆家的全家照___________________ 6. 一幅中国地图_______________ 7.一本英语字典_________________________
三.冠词
an egg /
an apple / an answer / an actor / an address / an opera / an interesting book / an art lesson /
an orange / an ID card / an actress / an event / an hour an exciting sport / an eraser / an alarm clock / an e-mail / an example / an old man / an action movie /
the egg the plane 2. 用法:
定冠词的用法:
(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk. (2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren’t at school. (4)在序数词前: John’s birthday is February the second.
(5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况:
(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.
(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:This is my baseball. (3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers. (4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday. (5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.
(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well. (7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.
(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li (9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus Exercises:
一.填空:(在有必要的地方填上冠词,不填的划 “/ ”) 1. What’s this? It’s _____ clock 2. What’s that? It’s _____ alarm clock. 3. What is it? It’s _____ w.
4. What color is the jacket? It’s _____ orange. It’s _____ orange jacket. 5.Jim’s mother is _____ Mrs Green. She is _____ teacher. 6. Those pens are in _____ pencil case. 7. Here’s _____ interesting family photo. 8.When does Lily go to _____ bed in _____ evening?
9. _____ “h”, _____ “o” and _____ “w” are in the word “how”. 10.Where is _____ bag? It’s under _____ table. 11.I often go to _____ school at _____ 7:00. 12.Take _____ things to _____ your brother. 13. Do you want to see _____ action movie? No, I want to play _____chess. 14.When’s his sister’s birthday? It’s _____ April _____ eleventh. 15.Does Bill like _____hamburgers? No, he doesn’t.
16. A: Let’s play _____ soccer. B: I don’t have _____ soccer ball. A: Well, let’s play _____ drums. B: That sounds good.
17. Do you have _____ Art Festival at your school? Yes, we do.
18. When do people usually eat _____ breakfast? They usually eat _____ it in _____ evening. 19. Rick often goes to see _____ Beijing Opera _____ weekends.
20. Can Tom play _____ piano? Yes, he can.Can he play _____ it well? No, he can’t.
时态复习 一、一般现在时
1、Be 动词的一般现在时
Be动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。
它有三种形式:am, is , are。I跟am,you跟are,is连着he,she,it。单数is,复数are。 I am a teacher. My brother is at school. Lucy and Lily are in Class One, Grade Two. You are a good boy.
2、 实义动词的一般现在时
一个动作经常反复地发生,就用一般现在时。
第三人称单数(he, she , it, Tom等)作主语,谓语动词要加 ″s″ 或 ″es″, 但当句中出现does, doesn’t要用原型其它人称用原型。如: They get up at six o’clock.
He goes to school at seven- thirty .
附:动词第三人称单数的构成规则xkb1.com
1)一般情况下加s get—gets like---likes
2)以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾的加es: watch---watches go---goes do---does 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的,改y为i,加es carry---carrie
二、情态动词can
情态动词(can, may, must )后动词用原形。如:
I can play the guitar. He can play the violin. 注意:play chess中间不加the 三、几个动词的用法:
1、let后用动词原形 Let’s play soccer.
2、like及介词后动词用ing形式, 如:be good at swimming, help kids with singing, like playing basketball, What about playing tennis? 3、want加 to 再加原形
4、help +人+动词原形 help+人+with sth /doing sth. 5、Like/love to +动词原形 ; like/love +动词ing ;
like/love + sth(直接跟名词). Exercises:
二、完成句子。
1.I _________ (know) the boy.
2. They __________(go) to work on Saturdays. 3.He usually _____________(come) to school early.
4.I often _____________(have) rice, meat and vegetables. 5.My grandfather _____________(play) sports in the park. 6.Miss Li ____________(teach) English in our school.
7.The students of Class Four ___________(sing) a song on Monday. 8.Alicia and Jerry ______________ (do) homework after school. 9.We _____________(take) a shower in the evening. 10. Her sister ____________(have) Chinese every day. 11.__________ you __________( have) a soccer ball﹖ 12. Mary _______________ (not come) from America. She ___________(come) from Britain.
13. I ____________ ( not ,like) playing computer games.
14.______________Tom and his brother _____________(study) in Beijing? 15. __________ Your brother ___________(have) a son? 三 动词填空。
1、Who helps you ____________(look) after your daughter at home? 2、The child is good at ____________(play) chess. 3、What about ______________(go) to the shop? 5 Bob likes ______________(watch) TV.
6 Can you help kids with _____________(swim)? 7 Let’s _____________( sing) an English song. 8 I want ____________(join) the soccer club.
10 John often helps his mother___________(do) the housework. 11 . Who ______________ ( teach ) English in your school ?
12 . May I _____________(know) your address? 13 . ___________(be) you twelve?
15 . Her mother is good at _____________ ( make ) cakes . 17 .Who _________(be) your English teacher?.
18 . My father ___________ ( go ) to bed at 10:00 every evening . 19.He alway_______(help)her mother,
20.Lily and Tom _______(do)their home work at 7:00 everyday. 21. __________your mother _________(have) a baseball bat? 22._________Jim and Tom _________(like) hamburgers?
23. What kind of movies ________your grandfather ___________(want) to see? 24. Where _______(be) the two volleyballs? 25. That _____ (be ) is his family photo.
27. He can ____________(do) Chinese Kung fu.
28. What time _________Mr. Brown ___________(take) a shower? 29. Mrs Jones ___________(watch) TV on weekends. 30. __________(be) your sisters in the bedroom? 句型复习 Ⅰ 句型结构
1、肯定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+„ I am Lynn.
主语+can+动词原形+„ She can play the trumpet.
动词原形 I like to listen to music. 主语+ +其他„
动词第三人称单形式 She likes to play the guitar very much. 2、否定句:主语+be(am/is/are)+not+„ I am not 14.
主语+can’t+动词原形+„ They can’t swim.
主语+don’t(doesn’t)+动词原形+„ My sister doesn’t play sports. 3、一般问句〈1〉be(am/is/are)+主语+„? Are you Lin? Yes,+主语+ be No,+主语+be not.
〈2〉Can+主语+动词原形+„? Can you paint? Yes,主语+can No,主语+can’t
〈3〉Do/Does+主语+动词原形+„? Do you want to join the dancing club ? Yes,主语+do/does No,主语+don’t/doesn’t 4、特殊疑问句: 主要句型:
(1)What is your /her / his name ? My /His name is „
(2)Where is the baseball ? it is in the backpack.
(3)Where are your books? They are on the chair.
(4)How much is the red sweater ? it is 3 $.
(5)How much are these pants? They are 18 dollars. (6)When is your birthday ? My birthday is May 11th.
(7)When is Lucy’s birthday ? Her birthday is „
(8)What kind of movies do you like ? I like action movies and comedies.
(9)What time do you usually get up ? I usually get up at 6:00.
(10)What time does she get home ? She gets home at 5:30.(home , here , there 前不加to)
(11)What is your favorite subject ?
(12)This big red hat is 1 dollar.(注意形容词的位置: 大小长短+ 颜色)
III、将下列句子改为一般疑问句,并作肯定和否定回答:
1、My name’s Bob. __________________________________________________________________ 2、I’m his uncle.. ________________________________________________________________
3、Our shirts are too long. . ________________________________________________________________ 4、My friend gets up at five o’clock.. ________________________________________________________________ 5、Lucy and Lily like sports. . ________________________________________________________________ 6、Jerry’s teacher can play chess.. ________________________________________________________________ 7、Alicia is my aunt. . ________________________________________________________________ 8、She wants to see Beijing Opera.. ________________________________________________________________ V、句型转换:划线提问(熟悉下课文中的主要句型) 1、Peter is .
________________________________________________________________ 2、The backpacks are
________________________________________________________________ 3、Scott likes
________________________________________________________________ 4、They have for lunch.
________________________________________________________________ 5、She can .
________________________________________________________________ 6、It’s..
________________________________________________________________ 7、We go to bed at .
________________________________________________________________ 10、Her basketball is. .
________________________________________________________________ 11、Dave’s favorite food is.
________________________________________________________________ 12、He likes.
________________________________________________________________ 14、They are.
________________________________________________________________ 15、Nick wants to join the club.
________________________________________________________________ 16、
________________________________________________________________
17、Her favorite subject is ________________________________________________________________
18`Mike and Jack like math. ____________________________________ 19、My mother’s favorite color is________________________________________________________________ 20、We go to school________________________________________________________________ 21、I think they’re interesting. (改否定句).
________________________________________________________________ 22、It’s
________________________________________________________________ 21 School starts ________________________________________________________________ 22`We have ________________________________________________________________ 6.句型综合练习 (一)
1. Mr Wang is his favorite teacher. (对划线部分提问)_______ ________ his favorite teacher? 2. Her favorite subject is music. (对划线部分提问)________ ________ her favorite subject?
3. We have science on Tuesday and Thursday. (对划线部分提问) ________ do ________ ________ science?
4. When do you go to bed every night? (改为同义句) ______ ______ do you go to bed every night? 5. This subject is interesting. (改为同义句)This ______ ______ _________ subject.
6. The girls like music because it's exciting.(对划线部分提问) ______ ______ the girls like music? (二)
1. My birthday is October 11th. (提问) _______ _______ your birthday? 2. Peter is 18 this year. (提问) ______ ______ is Peter this year? 3. Tom likes baseball. (否定句) Tom _______ _______ baseball?
4. Jack’s birthday is April 6th .(一般疑问句) _______ Jack’s birthday April 6th? 5. The store sells many nice clothes. (提问) ________ _______ the store ________ ? 6. month, year, the, the, of, third, March, is, (连词成句) ______________________________________________________
名词复习
单数名词前有a/an、the或物主代词,如:a book、the book、his book
1、一般情况,加s:bags
2、以s、sh、x、ch结尾,加es:boxes
规则变化 3、以 f、fe、结尾,把f、fe改为v加es:shelf→shelves 可数 4、以辅音+y结尾,把y改为i,加es:baby→babies
、以o结尾,有生命加es:tomatoes、patotoes
无生命加s:pianos、photos
1、单复数词形:sheep、Chinese、Japanese
复数 不规则变化 2、复数名词:clothes、people、police
3、特殊变化:man→men,woman→women
child→children,foot→feet
名 tooth→teeth,policeman→policemen
前面可用 many(许多)、a lot of/lots of(许多)、some(一些)、a few +可数复数 词
点) (一
1、没有复数形式
2、前不加a/an、数字、many、a few,后不加s
3、前可以加some、any、a lot of/much、a little
4、表数量用量词加of词组:a cup of ice cream,two cups of ice cream
5、学过的有:broccoli、food、dessert、orange、ice cream、salad、chicken、fruit、soccer、
tennis、ping-pong、breakfast、lunch、dinner、help、opera、work、homework、time、Chinese、Japanese、English
Beinjing Opera 和 broccoli没有复数形式.
注意unit 7中的复数名词的用法,a pair of shorts/socks/shoes/trousers/pants„复数在pair上加s
English Exercise
1、写出下列词的复数形式 baby _____ potato _____ knife _____ photo _____ Chinese _____ hamburger _____ case _____ key _____ watch _____ name _____ strawberry _____ tomato _____ dollar _____ orange _____ people _____ documentary _____ boy _____ piano _____ child _____ man _____ this _____ that _____ I _____ she _____ you _____
bus _____ wish _____ Japanese _____ 2、翻译短语
五门学科 _______________ 三部电影_______________ 一些动作片______________ 许多手表_______________
一点食品_____________ 一点蔬菜_______________ 许多冰淇淋______________ 三块鸡肉_______________
一些工作________________ 许多作业_______________ 四辆公共汽车____________
3、划出下面单词中的不可数名词
star、dessert、sock、dollar、help、month、art、broccoli、cream、dictionary、card、club、 fruit、food、sister、chicken、CD、homework、English、runner、Science、people、collection、 racket、sport、baseball
4、将下列句子变成复数形式 1) This is a bus .
2) She has a nice dress.
3) A musician has a watch on her hand. 4) You are a Chinese. 5) The girl likes salad.
6) The running star wants to eat healthy food. 7) A photo is on the wall. 8) That is a banana. 9) It is an action movie. 10) I am a student.
5、改错
1) He has many ice cream for breakfast._______________________________ 2) The girl has two broccoli for lunch. ________________________________ 3) I need some salad. ______________________________________________ 4) The student does a few homework every day. _________________________ 5) I want to go to movie. ____________________________________________ 6) We can see much clothes in the store. ________________________________ 6·句型练习
1. Do you have a soccer ball? (作肯定回答) __________________________
2. He has eight pencils. (改为否定句)______________________________________ 3. Tom has a picture of his family in his room. (同意句) _____ ____ a picture of Tom’s family _____ ______ _______.
4. The boy has many CDs.(改为一般疑问句)__________________________________ 5. She has many photos of Tao Zhe. (对划线部分提问) ________________________ 6. That is a bag. (改为复数形式)___________________________________
7. Are your pens in the backpack? (作肯定回答) _______________________________ (对划线部分提问) __________________________________ 9. The baseball is under the bed.(改一般疑问句) _________________________________ 10. 对划线部分提问)__________________________________ 11. on,T-shirt,the,his,is,bed(连词成句) __________________________________________