柿之木坂集合住宅_东京_日本
柿之木坂集合住宅,东京,日本
KAKINOKIZAKA APARTMENT, TOKYO, JAPAN, 2007
建筑设计:下吹越武人/A.A.E.
ARCHITECTS: Taketo Shimohigoshi/A.A.E.
这是一个位于东京中心区的住宅综合体。基地紧临一条交通主干道。沿着这条大街的正是在东京常见的沿路景观:中等大小的住宅综合体线性排布着。在基地另一边,是一片在谷地中的独栋住宅区。而在这个基地上,却需要设计一个针对单身人士的工作室公寓。通常,工作室公寓项目需要根据基地形状,设计一个拥有多种类型住宅单元的更高效的平面。因此,每个公寓的体量都决定于其自身的方便性,而不考虑周围环境。这些公寓的复制形成了一种单调制品无限伸延的景象。窄小的阳台只是作为存放工具的小空间,将住宅室内与外部环境切断。在乏味的最小化的室内空间中,追求的只是便利和经济。
幸运的是,这个基地位于山脊,在东西两侧都有望获得好的视野。由于这个原因,我们采用了中央走廊式平面,并研究了对应于两种不同环境的居住单元的理想模式。我希望在这个环境中重新思考最小化的居住单
元,创造室内舒适性与室外环境之间的联系,并形成崭新的街道景观。在这个住宅综合体中,每个居住单元都分享着天空。我们考虑更多的是人坐在房间内所看到的景观,而非站立视角。在一个城市化的生活方式里,人们通过感受自然来释放他们丰富的感悟,同时也通过俯瞰街道获得社会归属感。我们探求的是一种理想的生活方式,使居住者的思绪可以冲出房间,延伸到周围环境。
在这个住宅综合体的东侧,一个平板式的体块作为沿街的边界体量。卫生间、起居室、阳台被平行布置在这个细长的三角形平面中。在房间的一边,有一个16m长的水平窗,使进深不大的房间如同室外一样明亮。而且这个窗户还被设计成了凸窗,赋予了房间更多的空间。在室内看不到建筑下面喧嚣的街道,房间开敞并融入进了整个城市景观。水平向的凸窗也成为了沿街立面的一大特色。立面上的水平线条和深深的阴影使其在城市中给人留下强烈的印象,即使在高速行驶的车上也能看到它。
由于平板体量阻隔了繁忙街道的噪声,在住宅综合体的西侧则保持了一个安静的居住环境。东立面由简单的网格框架组成,以与周围的小住宅相协调。结构框架后退到阳台内,采用反向梁结构。由此,从室内看,阳台板和梁结构好像消失了一样,人们只能看到蓝天。自然光线能够照到房间的深处。阳台的深度适宜,可以作为第二居住空间。因为阳台地坪比室内地板要高,所以即便在窗边布置家俱,也不会打断自然光线和开敞的感觉。阳台为室内设计和生活方式带来了更大的灵活性。阳台地坪与室内窗台相同,这使得室内外在剖面上得以延续。在室内视平线高度上的阳台栏杆由两端支撑的钢化玻璃制成。在一些居住单元中,窗旁布置了岛状的厨房。烹饪、就餐等一系列活动聚集在窗周围,形成了一种与外部环境相协调的欢快的生活氛围。墙面的瓷砖从阳台延续到卫生间,这是与设计师野老朝雄共同完成的:10种不同图案的瓷砖形成了无限的组合方式,温和
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地散射着自然光线。
在综合体顶层的居住单元中,我们设计了一个大面宽的阳台,以及位于中心的一个充满自然光线的内院。它们的布局考虑到了多个方向上的自然采光和通风。在中心庭院周围安排了不同的房间。整个单元是一个单一的空间,由内院来划分,使每个空间更具独立性。这是一个与室外环境相协调的宽敞的居住单元。□(孙凌波 译)
It is a housing complex that stands in the centerpart of Tokyo. The site is along an arterial road with alot of traffic. Along the road, ordinary roadside sceneryof Tokyo continues with middle size housing complexstanding linearly. On the other side of the site, single-family residential area lies on a shallow sided valley.It was requested to design a studio apartment forsingle household on this site where antithetical scenery
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2 总平面/Site plan
3 地下一层平面/Basement plan4 一层平面/First floor plan
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takes place. Due to the business model of studioapartment, generally, it is requested to make a mostefficient plan with several types of stereotyped housingunit according to the shape of the site. Consequently,each volume of apartments is determined on its own
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convenience, regardless of surrounding environment.Manifold of these apartments creates scenery aslimitless expanse of monotonous artifacts. The insideof the housing units is cut off from the outside sceneryby small balconies, which provide small space just for
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tool shed. Only convenience and economy are pursuedin the minimum area of bland interior space.
Fortunately, the site is on the ridge and it wasable to expect a good view from both east and westsides. For this reason, the center corridor plan wasadopted, and the ideal way of the residence units wasstudied to correspond to the two different
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environments. I wanted to reconsider the minimumunit of residence in this environment. To createassociation between interior comfort and the outsideenvironment will lead to chances of updating theroadside scenery. In this housing complex, eachresidence unit is designed to share the sky. A glancefrom the sitting level is imaged more than standingview from the room. In an urban lifestyle, peoplerelieve their rich sensibility by feeling nature, andpeople hold belongings to the society by over-viewingthe streets. An ideal way of living was searched so thatthe residents’ minds exceed the room and extend to
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上层平面
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the surrounding environment.
On the eastern side of the housing complex, aplate-like volume was placed as a roadside edgy volume.Bathroom, living room, and balcony were arranged inparallel on this long and slender triangular shaped plan.On the side of the room, there is a full-length 16-meters-long horizontal window, and the shallow room
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becomes as bright as outside. Moreover, the window isdesigned as a bay window to give more space to theshallow room. The noisy street down below is lost tosight from inside, and the room is opened andintegrated into the panoramic scenery of the city.This horizontal bay window also characterizes the
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outside facade of the roadside. The facade with thehorizontal edge and the deep shadow of the layered
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window is a strong image of the city that holds outagainst the speed of cars.
On the western side of the housing complex, aquiet living environment is maintained because theplate-like volume blocks the noise from the busy street.The facade of the eastern side is composed fromsimple grid-frame of the residential units toaccommodate to the surrounding small houses. Thestructural frame is setback to the inside of the balconyand the reverse-beam structure method is adapted.The balcony slab and the beam structure disappearand only the sky spreads out from the inside view.Natural light reaches the deep corner of the room.The balcony is likened to second-living, and given acomfortable depth. Neither the daylight nor opennessis disturbed even if fixture and furniture are arrangedon the window side, because the balcony is in higherlevel from the inside floor. The balcony gives flexibilityto interior planning and the way of living. Level of thebalcony and the counter on the window side wasarranged in equal height to give sectional continuationto inside and outside. The handrail of the balcony thatlies on the same level with the inside eye level wascreated with tempered glass supported on two sides.In some residence units, an island type kitchen isadapted near the window. A series of motion of cooking,eating, and drinking are aggregated to space by thewindow, and create a cheerful livability thatharmonizes with the outside environment. Porcelaintiles on the wall that continue from the balcony to thebathroom is made in a joint development with thedesigner, Asao Tokoro. An infinite pattern made bycombinations of ten different graphic patterned tiles,softly diffuses the natural light.
On the top level of the complex, the residenceunit is designed with a balcony of a wide span, and apatio filled with natural daylight at the center. Theyare arranged in considerations to natural daylight andventilation from multi directions. Various rooms werearranged surrounding the center patio. The entireunit is a one room space, but the patio graduallydivides each place and ensures more independence toeach place. It is a spacious residence unit thatharmonizes with the outside.□
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8 K户型内景/K-type interior view9 L户型内景/L-type interior view(8、 9摄影/Photo: Koichi Torimura)
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