英语阅读理解100篇(中级篇)-18_英语题库

英语阅读理解100篇（中级篇）-18_英语题库

PassageEighteen(TheMilitaryIsIn)

Thingshavereallychanged.Notonlyisthemilitarystandingtallagain,itisstagingaremarkablecomebackinthequantityandqualityoftherecruitsitisattracting.Recruiters,oncedenouncedbyantiwarstudentsas“babykillers”andbarredfromcampuses,arewelcomedeverateliteuniversities.ROTC(ReserveOfficer’sTrainingCorps)programs,thatfalteredduringtheVietNamera,whenprotesterswerefirebombingtheirheadquarters,areflourishingagain.Themilitaryacademiesareenjoyingasteadyincreaseinapplications.

Certainly,thedepressedeconomyhasincreasedtheallureofthejobs,technicaltrainingandgenerousstudentloansofferedbythemilitary.Studentsknowthatiftheygoinandbecome,say,nuclearweaponsspecialists,theycancomeoutanddemandasalaryof$60,000ayear.Militarysalaries,whilenotalwayscompetitivewiththosepaidforcomparablejobsintheprivatesector,aremorethanrespectable,especiallyconsideringthewidearrayofbenefitsthatareavailable:freemedicalservice,roomandboard,andPX(PostExchange)privileges.Monthlypayforarecruitis$574;forasergeantwithfouryearsservicesitis$906;foramajorwithtenyears’serviceitis$2,305.Theservices’slick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromisingadventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.Kidsarewalkingdowntheschoolhallwayschanting‘Army,Navy,AirForce,

Marines,’justlikeinthecommercials.Andmanymilitaryofficialsfeelthatthekeydifferenceistheenhancedpatriotismamongthenation’syouth.Thereisareturntotheviewthatthemilitaryisanhonorableprofession.ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailareover.Recruitingforallfourservicescombinedisrunningat101%ofauthorizedgoals.Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsomere-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.

Themilitaryacademicsarealsoenjoyinghalcyonyears,attractingmoreandbetter-qualifiedstudents.Comparedtoprivatecolleges,wheretuitionandexpenseshavebeenclimbingsharply,theserviceschoolsarearealbargain:notonlyistuitionfree,butrecruitsgetallowancesofupto$500amouth.Itisreported12,300applicantsareforthe1,450positionsinthisyear’sfreshmanclass.Militaryacademiesarenowjustasselectiveasanyofthebestuniversitiesinthecountry.

Nationwide,ROTCenrollmentexceeds105,000,a64%increaseoverthe1974figure.Inthemid70’s,theROTCstudentsrefusedtoweartheiruniformsoncampusbecausetheysufferedallsortsofridicule,iftheydid.Nowiftheywearthemtoclassnoonelooksatthemtwice.Tothem,VietNamisancienthistory,somethingtheoldfolkstalkabout.

1.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

[A].TheMilitaryisin[B].TheMilitaryisup

[C].TheMilitaryisdown[D].TheMilitaryison

2.Whatwastheattitudeofthestudentsin1970’stowardsthemilitary?

[A].Approval.[B].Indifferent.[C].Distaste.[D].Scolding.

3.Thephrase“comeout”isclosestinmeaningto

[A].“becomevisible”.[B].“begintogrow”.

[C].“bemadepublic”.[D].“gainacertainposition”.

4.WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasontoattractstudents.

[A].Freetuition.[B].Spaciousroom.

[C].Considerateallowance.[D].Technicaltraining.

Vocabulary

1.stageacomeback再度走红，卷土重来

2.standingtall站得高

3.babykiller杀婴犯人

4.denounce谴责

5.elite杰出的，名牌的

6.ROTC=ReserveOffice’sTrainingCope(美)后备军官训练队

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.falterflourishallurecomeoutthewidearrayPX=PostExchangesergeantmajorslickhallwaychantmiscreantretentionraterealbargain动摇不定，踌躇不前繁荣兴旺诱惑进入社交界，扬名一大批，一大半陆军消费合作社中士少校聪明的，非常好的，吸引人的门厅，过道单调重复的说话（唱歌）无赖，恶棍继续服役率，服役期满不退役的比例好买卖，十分划算

难句译注

1.Theservices’slick$175million-a-yearadvertisingcampaignpromising

adventureandfulfillmenthashelpedwinovertheTVgeneration.

[结构简析]句子的主语是campaign.这里指大规模的广告（advertisingcampaign）。Promising修饰campaign。

2.ThedaysofajudgetellingamiscreanttojointheArmyorgotojailare

over.

[参考译文]由法官判一名无赖不去当兵就得坐牢的日子过去了。

3.Andtheretentionrateisnowsohigh,thattheservicesarerefusingsome

re-enlistmentapplicationsandreducingannualrecruitingtarget.

[结构简析]so…that句型。

[参考译文]超役留队率现在很高，所以各个军种都要拒绝一些再入伍申请，并降低年度招兵指标。

写作方法与文章大意

这是论述军队在美国地位提高的文章，主要采用因果写法，中插对比。

答案祥解

1.A.军队又吃香了。Tobein有“流行，时髦”之义。全篇文章围绕这一点而写。

文章一开头就点名宗旨“事情真的变了，军队形象不仅高大，招收新兵的质量和数量明显得到恢复。”第二段开始：“可以肯定，经济萧条使得军队提供就业，技术训练和对学生慷慨贷款提高了诱惑力……。”第二段倒数第七句“许多军官感到关键性的变化是这个国家青年中的爱国心增强，当兵是一个荣誉职业的看法又恢复了。”都表示吃香。

B.tobeup有“完了，完毕，上涨”等义。C.tobedown有“消沉，落魄，下降”等义。D.tobeon有“上演，开着”等义。这里都讲不通。

2.C.厌恶。答案在第一段第二句“招兵人员曾一度被反战学生谴责为‘杀婴犯’

而拒之校园之外，现在甚至名牌大学都欢迎。后备军官训练队计划在越战时期曾动摇不定，抗议的人向部队投掷燃烧弹，如今又兴旺起来。”最后一段第二句“70年代中期，后备军官训练队学生不愿在校内穿制服，因为穿了就遭到各种嘲笑。”这些都说明70年代，学生对军队的态度是“厌恶”。所以

A.赞成，B.漠不关心，D.漫骂，都不对。

3.获得地位。Tocomeout有togaincertainposition获得（名次，地位）之

义，也有appear,tobeseen（出现，看得见）之义。这里的上下文，只能是D.第二段第二句“学生们知道，要是参军，当上譬如核武器专家，他们就能扬名并可要求6万美元年薪。”

A.看得见，B.开始成长，C.公开。

4.B.宽敞的房间。

A.免学费。C.相当高的津贴。D.技术培训，都提到过。第二段开始“可以肯定，经济萧条使得军队提供就业，技术训练以及对学生慷慨贷款等的诱惑力增大。”第三句“军队薪金尽管比不是私人公司中类似工作的工资，但已经很可观了，尤其考虑到军队里有一系列的福利待遇，如免费医疗，膳宿，军人消费合作社特惠等。”第三段“军事院校招收的学生数量多了，质量好，年头也就好过。私立大学里，学费和各类费用一直急剧上升，相比之下，上军事院校确实便宜，不仅学费全面，新生每月还可拿5百美元的补贴。