改性聚四氟乙烯耐磨涂料_杨军

　　　　摘要：通过对涂料成膜情况的比较，筛选和确定了钛酸酯偶联剂、消泡剂、流平剂、成膜剂的品种和用量，得到改性聚四氟乙烯涂料配方。制得的改性聚四氟乙烯耐磨涂料具有良好的附着力、硬度、耐磨性等性

能，具有很好的应用前景。

　　　　关键词：聚四氟乙烯；　耐磨涂料　　　　中图分类号：ＴＱ　６３０．７　　　　　　文献标识码：Ａ　　　　　　　文章编号：１００６－２５５６（２００５）０３－００４１－０３

聚四氟乙烯涂料由于具有高度的化学稳定性、广泛的使用温度范围、突出的不粘性、良好的热稳定性、优异的耐老化性能和抗辐射性能等特点，广泛应用于各个行业。但聚四氟乙烯防粘涂料由于耐磨性较差，在一定程度上限制了其应用范围。本试验研制的改性聚四氟乙烯涂料具有优良的耐磨性，可有效地扩大涂料的应用领域。

二硫化钼青铜粉聚苯硫醚ＮＤＺ－３１１ＷＦｏａｍａｓｔｅｒ１１１Ｌｅｖｅｌｌｉｎｇ６２０２．７６．７５．３０．００２０．００６０．００６１　试验材料和主要仪器设备

１．１　　试验材料

聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液ＳＦＮ－１，四川晨光；锡青铜粉ＱＳｎ６－６－３，陕西岐山；二硫化钼（分析纯），上海化学试剂厂；三氧化二铬（分析纯），天津化学试剂厂；聚苯硫醚树脂，四川自贡；钛酸酯偶联剂ＮＤＺ－３１１、ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ，　南京曙光；Ｆｏａｍａｓｔｅｒ１１１消泡剂、Ｌｅｖｅｌｌｉｎｇ６２０缔合型流平剂、成膜助剂醇酯十二，德国汉高；７０１０消泡剂，揭阳天银；三乙胺（分析纯），天津。１．２　　主要仪器设备

增力电动搅拌器；２０２－１型电热恒温干燥箱；４－１０型箱式电阻炉；ＳＳ１６型液体喷砂机；Ｗ－７１型喷枪。

填料（填料经烘干后过６００目筛网）和助剂，步骤如下：

（１）称取所需聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液，高速搅拌；（２）添加所需量的锡青铜粉、二硫化钼、三氧化二铬、聚苯硫醚树脂，高速搅拌；

（３）缓慢加入钛酸酯偶联剂ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ，搅拌；（４）缓慢加入Ｆｏａｍａｓｔｅｒ　１１１消泡剂，搅拌；

（５）缓慢加入Ｌｅｖｅｌｌｉｎｇ　６２０缔合型流平剂，搅拌；（６）缓慢加入成膜助剂醇酯十二，搅拌。

２　　涂料的配制及涂层性能２．３　　涂料的塑化工艺

本研究用聚四氟乙烯悬浮液为涂料的主要成分，将配制好的涂料喷涂在试样表面后放入恒温干燥

箱中，加热到（６０～８０）℃（不宜超过８０℃，否则会由

于水分蒸发过速而使涂层起泡），保温２０ｍｉｎ；再升温到１２０℃，保温２０ｍｉｎ。取出后放入箱式电阻炉中进行塑化。塑化温度（３６５～３７５）℃，塑化时间为２０ｍｉｎ，第二遍涂层的塑化时间为３０ｍｉｎ。将塑化完的试样浸

添加无机填料三氧化二铬、青铜粉、二硫化钼和有机

填料聚苯硫醚树脂及助剂。２．１　　涂料配方（见表１）

２．２　　改性聚四氟乙烯涂料的配制

选用聚四氟乙烯浓缩分散液为基料，在其中添加

C 中国涂料

HI NA PAI NT 2005. 03

入冷水中进行处理［１］。２．４　　涂层性能（见表２）

表２　　涂层性能

密度／（ｇ／ｃｍ３）外观硬度附着力／级１．６５深绿色光滑表面

２Ｈ１

钛酸酯偶联剂的用量是要使钛酸酯偶联剂分子中的全部异丙氧基与填料所提供的羟基或质子发生反应。一般认为［３］，偶联剂的用量大致在０．２５％～２．０％。填料的粒度越细、表面积越大，钛酸酯偶联剂的用量就越多。其对填料的偶合效果见表３、表４。

＂

从表３和表４中得知：两种偶联剂都有好的偶联效果，虽然ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ用量稍大，但由于其添加工艺简单，并且用量相对涂料来说很小，所以选择ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ钛酸酯偶联剂，用量为填料质量的

１％。

３　　分析讨论

３．１　　偶联剂的筛选

本研究通过比较涂料外观和涂层成膜情况，选择钛酸酯偶联剂的类型并确定其用量。

３．１．１　ＮＤＺ－３１１钛酸酯偶联剂的使

用方法［２］

０．５０．７

青铜粉

０．３０．５０．７

二硫化钼

０．３０．５０．７

均匀均匀有较多青铜粉沉淀有少量青铜粉沉淀

均匀均匀均匀均匀良好良好不成膜一般良好一般良好良好ＮＤＺ－３１１不能直接分散在水相中，所以先要将其季胺盐溶解在水中。步骤如下：

①将１份ＮＤＺ－３１１放在容器中，在搅拌和外浴冷却下，逐渐加入三乙胺０．５份，控制内温不超过７１℃，随时测

值，滴加到ｐＨ值在６～８；②将；③将填；１２ｈ；⑤研磨配制过６００目筛网；⑥在搅拌的观察涂塑化，观察成　ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ钛酸酯偶联剂的

使用方法

为水溶性偶联剂，并方法如下：①称取②在①加入③加入ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ

表４　　ＮＤＺ－３１１Ｗ钛酸酯偶联剂对填料的偶合效果１．０１．５

青铜粉

０．５１．０１．５

二硫化钼

０．５１．０１．５

均匀均匀有较多青铜粉沉淀

均匀均匀均匀均匀均匀良好良好不成膜一般良好一般良好良好２４ｈ，观察涂料是否分层；　钛酸酯偶联剂的用量

３．２　　消泡剂的筛选

本研究根据涂料有无气泡和涂层有无返锈情况筛选水性消泡剂，并且确定其用量，见表５。

C

表５　　消泡剂的筛选

０．４０．６

无气泡无气泡良好良好３．４　　成膜剂醇酯十二用量的确定

醇酯十二的用量一般在涂料质量的１％～２％，本研究根据涂料的成膜情况确定其用量，如表７所示。

从表７可知：成膜剂的适宜用量为涂料质量的１％左右。成膜剂用量不宜过多，否则涂料在涂装时挥发速度快，易于堵塞喷枪，涂料不能很好地雾化，甚至喷射不出来，造成很大的不便。

表７　　成膜剂用量的确定

０．５１．０较好良好从表５中得知：两种消泡剂都有好的消泡能力。

７０１０消泡剂用量较大，为涂料重量的０．６％左右；Ｆｏａｍａｓｔｅｒ　１１１消泡剂用量较少，为涂料重量的０．５％左右，二者价格相当，从成本考虑，选用Ｆｏａｍａｓｔｅｒ　１１１消泡剂。

３．３　　流平剂用量的确定（见表６）

表６　　Ｌｅｖｅｌｌｉｎｇ　６２０缔合型流平剂用量０．４０．６２４３０良好良好４　　结　论

制得的改性聚四氟乙烯涂层具有优良的耐磨性、附着力等性能，具有广泛的应用价值。

参考文献

［１］　袁筱莉，邬润德，周宇．聚苯硫醚涂料和涂装工艺的改进．腐蚀与防护［Ｊ］，１９９８，１８（６）：２６５－２６７［２］　钱逢麟，竺玉书．涂料助剂－品种和性能手册［Ｍ］．北京：

化学工业出版社，２００４：１２７－６２９［３］　魏明坤，王雪飞，宋剑敏．钛酸酯偶联剂在无机填料中

的应用．化工新型材料［Ｊ］，２００３，３１（８）：４０－４３＂

※本项目为陕西省教育厅自然科学专项项目０２ＪＫ１７３。收稿日期　　２００４－１０－１９

从表６可知：Ｌｅｖｅｌｌｉｎｇ　６２０缔合型流平剂具有良好的流平效果和增稠作用，用量范围为涂料质量的０．４％～０．６％，可取得适宜的粘度而具有好的涂装效果。Ｌｅｖｅｌｌｉｎｇ　６２０缔合型流平剂的用量与涂料中填料的含量也有关，如果填料较多，流平剂应减少用量，因为它兼有增稠剂的作用，否则涂料粘度过大，不易涂装。

＂

（上接第４０页）

表３　　钢铁桥梁的２５年使用寿命的防腐蚀涂料系统性能，在其它行业，如腐蚀环境更为严峻

的石油平台上面已经被广泛证明。

鉴于玻璃鳞片涂料在多方面的以上防腐蚀年限的可行和可靠的涂突出性能，结合环氧富锌的优良施料系统方案。采用具有更好施工性

对于作者简介　刘新，从事重防腐涂装工工性能以及氟碳树脂的杰出耐候性能的改性环氧玻璃鳞片涂料，

作１５年，曾就职于多家外资和合资跨和装饰性，推荐用于钢铁桥梁的２５涂装过程的顺利进行和质量的保

证，无疑比纯环氧玻璃鳞片涂料更国涂料公司以及国内大型涂料企业。年防腐蚀涂料系统如表３所示。

此方案是钢铁桥梁达到２５年

为优越。

收稿日期　　２００４－１０－１９

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