十一届三中全会概况

八年级下英语短语及句型总结

Unit 1 短语及句型

1.there will be 将会有

There will be more people.将会有更多的人

Will there be less pollution？会有更少的污染吗?

Yes,there will.\ No,there won’t.是，会有。\ 不，不会有。

2.many\much---- more + 可数或不可数名词 更多

few --fewer + 可数名词 更多 little - less +不可数名词 更少 例如：more people、more pollution、less free time、less pollution、fewer cars、fewer trees

3.be free 免费的

4. on computers 在电脑上 on paper 在纸上

5.live to be 活到 live to be 200 years old 活到200岁

6.fall in love with sb.\sth. 喜爱某人或某物

7.live alone 单独居住 8.on vacation 度假

9.over and over again 一遍又一遍 10.be the same as 与…一样 be different from 与…不同

unit 2 单词及短语

1.What should I \he\she\they\you do? 我\他\她\他们\你该怎么办？

You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写一封信。

2.argued with sb. 与某人争吵

3.out of style 过时的 in style 时尚的

4.a ticket to a ball game 一场球赛的票

5.surprise sb. 使某人惊奇

be surprised at sth. 对…感到惊奇

to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的事

6.pay for 支付

7.ask sb. for sth. 向某人要求某物

ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

8.have a bake sale 烧烤 9.find out 发现，查明

10.get on well with sb. 与某人相处得好

11.have a fight with sb. 与某人争吵、打架

12.not……until 直到…才

13.it’s time for sth.\it’s time to do sth.做某事的时间到

14.under too much pressure 承受太多的压力

15.take part in 参加，参与

16.a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈

Unit 3 短语及句型

1.What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

2.While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed. 当男孩在沿着街道走时，UFO降落了

3.in front of 在…之前（外部整体前）in the front of （内部整体前）

4.talk on the phone 在电话中交谈

5.land on the street 在街上降落

6.walk down the street 沿着街道走

7.take off (过去式 took off) 起飞

8.around ten o’clock 大约10点

9.You can imagine how strange it was! 你可以想象它有多奇怪！

10.Museum of Flight 飞行博物馆

11.jump down 跳下来

12.in a tree 在树上 on a tree 长在树上

13.run away 跑开，逃跑

14.say to sb. 对某人说

15.one of the most important events 最重要的事件之一 (one of + 形容词最高级+名词复数) 最…之一

16.in silence 无声的

17.take place 发生（预先安排） happen 发生 (偶然)

18.have meaning to sb. 对…来说有意义

Unit 4 短语及句型

1.He said he was hard-working. 他说他努力学习了

2.She said she was having a party for Lana 她说她为Lana举行了聚会

3.mad at sb. 对某人生气

4.first of all 首先

5.pass sth. to sb. \ pass on sth. 传递某物

6.be sppoused to 应该

7.I’m better at reading than listening. 我的阅读比听力好。

8.I can do better in math 在数学方面我会做得更好。

9.How’s it going? 最近怎么样？

10.be in good health 身体健康

11.end-of year exam 期末考试

12.for now 现在

13.get over 克服，忘掉，原谅

14.open up 打开

15.open up one’s eyes 使…开眼界

Uite 5短语及句型

1.If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time. 如果你去参加聚会，你就会玩得开心

If you do,you’ll be late. 如果你这样做，你就会迟到。 If you do, you ’ll be sorry. 如果你这样做，你就会遗憾。

2.let sb. in 让某人进入

3.take sth. away 拿走某物

take sb\sth. to 把某人或某物带到某地

4.make a lot of money 挣很多钱

5.travel around the world 环游世界

6.get an education 受到教育

7.be famous 成名 be happy 开心

8.make a living 谋生make a living doing sth.做某事而谋生

9.seem like 看起来像是

10、play sports for a living 以运动为生

11.If you are famous, people will watch you all the time and follow you everywhere.

如果你出名了，人们就会一直关注你，到处跟着你。

12.This can make life difficult. 这会使生活很困难。

13. get injured 受伤

Unite 6 短语及句型

1.How long have you been skating? 你滑冰多久了？

I’ve been skating since nine o’clock. 我从九点开始滑。 I ‘ve been skating for five hours. 我滑了5个小时了。

2.talk to sb. 与某人交谈 talk about sth. 谈论某事 talk with sb. 与某人交谈

3.raise money for charity 为慈善筹钱

4.This marathon has been going（持续） for five hours now. 这场马拉松持续了5个小时了

5.send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物寄给（送给）某人。

6.my\his\her\their\our favorite. 我、他、她、他们、我们最喜欢的

7.run out of 用完，用尽

8.room 房间（可数），空间（不可数）

9.all around 处处，到处

10.anyone else 其他任何人

11.with a colorful history 具有丰富多彩的历史

12.be in …style 具有…的风格 in Russian style.

13.for a foreigner like me 作为一个像我这样的外国人

14.the more……the more 越……就越……

Unit 7 短语及句型

1.mind doing sth. 介意做某事

Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意打扫你的房间吗？ I’m sorry. I’ll do it right away. 对不起，我马上做．

2.mind not doing sth 介意不做某事

Would you mind not playing baseball here?

你介意不在这里打棒球吗？

Would you mind moving your car? No, not at all.

你介意把你的车移开吗？一点也不介意

3.turn down 调小 turn up 调大 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉

4.right away = in a minute = at once 立刻，马上

5.get out of 从某地出来

6.wash the dishes 洗碗

7.feed the dog 喂狗

8.cook for yourself 自己做饭

9.return the books to the library 把书还到图书馆

10.The pen you bought didn’t work. 你买的笔坏了

11..wait in line 排队 cut in line 插队

12.get mad 生气 get annoyed 生气 be angry with sb

13.all the time 一直

14.in the future 在未来

15.the way to +地点 去某地的路

16.even if 即使

17.keep your voice down 压低声音，控制音量

18.put out 熄灭

19.drop litter 扔垃圾

20.pick sth. up 捡起某物

Unit 8 短语及句型

1.get sb sth 为某人买某物

get sb sth for sth 为了某事给某人买某物

2.What should I get my sister? 我该为我妹妹买什么？

3.Why don’t you do sth?

Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事？

4.How about sth/doing sth? 某物怎么样？

What about sth/doing sth?做某事怎么样？

5.That’s not interesting enough. 那不够有趣。

6.He is a 6-year-old child.

He is 6 years old.

He is at the age of 6.

He is a boy of 6. 他6岁。

7.easy to take care of 容易照顾

difficult to take care of 难照顾

8.fall asleep 入睡

9.give away 赠送，分发

10.make progress 取得进步，进展

11.take an interest in

be interested in 对某事感兴趣

12. make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友

Unit 9 短语及句型

1.have been to 去过某地 have gone to 已经去了某地 have been in 已经在某地

2.Me neither. Neither+ 助/be + 主语 我也没有。

3.Me, too. So + 助/be + 主语 我也是。

4.hear of 听说

5.end up 结束 end up with sth. 以某事而结束

6.have fun doing sth. 做某事开心

7.an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家

8.all I ever wanted to do was travel 我所想做的就是旅行

9.the best way to do sth. 做某事的最佳方法。

10.three quarters 四分之三 a quarter 四分之一

11.on the one hand,on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面

12. have problem doing sth. 做某事有困难

13.wake up 醒来

14.the best time to do sth. 做某事的最佳时机

15. all year round 全年

unit 10 短语及句型

1.It’s a nice day, isn’t it? 真是个好天气，不是吗？

2.by noon 到中午为止，不迟于中午

3.look through 浏览

4.The price is low/high. 价格低/ 高。

5.It’s+adj+doing+sth. 做某事怎么样

It’s+adj+for+sb+to do sth . 对某人来说做某事怎么样

6.feel like 感觉像是

feel like doing sth 想做某事

7.have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.做某事很开心 have a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难

8.come along 出现

9.think of 想起，考虑

10.get along 相处

11.help with 在某方面帮助

12.help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做事

1.take，bring的用法

take : 拿走 take sb. / sth. to someplace; take sth. with you bring: 带来 bring sth for a picnic

例子：It’s going to rain, pleaseYou’d better fitomorrow.

2.keep的用法

keep + 名词 + 形容词

keep sb doing sth Keep the windows open, it’s hot here. I’m sorry I’ve kept you waiting for a long time.

keep表示“借”用于和一段时间连用：How long can I keep this book?

3.let的用法

let / make / have sb do sth 让（使）某人干某事

Let’s go to the zoo! How did he make the baby stop crying?

4.forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事remember to do sth 记得去做某事remember doing sth记得做过某事

5.stop to do sth 停下来做另一件事情

stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情

stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人干某事

Let’s stop to have a test, it’s too hot today. When the teacher came into the classroom, the students stopped talking.

We plant trees to stop the wind from blowing the earth away.

6.begin / start to do sth

7.tell / ask sb to do sth 否定形式 tell / ask sb not to do sth.

Policemen asked us not to play on the road , it was too dangerous. Our P.E. teacher told us a story yesterday.

8.see / hear / watch sb do sth

see/ hear /watch sb doing sth

I heard him singing in the room when I passed by.

9.enjoy sth ; enjoy doing sth ; enjoy oneself = have a good time 10be busy with sth

;be busy doing sth

They are all busy with their work.

11.Want sth to do sth Want sb to do sth

would like sth/to do sth/sb to do sth

feel like doing sth. He didn’t feel like eating anything.

12.had better do sth 否定形式：had better not do sth

You’d better not sing here, the baby is asleep.

13.Why not do sth ?=why don’t you do sth ?=Why didn’t you do sth ? Why not come with me?

14.What about sth/what about doing sth ?=How about -----? How about playing basketball with us?

15.Thank you for sth /Thanks for doing sth. Thanks for your help. ------It’s a pleasure. Thanks very much for helping me.

16.instead往往放在句首或句尾

instead of sth/instead of doing sth.通常放中间

He didn’t go to the park. He went to the cinema instead.

He went to the cinema instead of going to the park..

17.put on 强调动作 wear 强调状态

in 介词，构成一个短词

Put on your old clothes tomorrow, because we’ll do some cleaning. Kate is wearing a red sweater today.

The man in a blue suit is Mr. Li

18.在if 引导的条件状语从句、以when , before, after , as soon as 引导的时间状语从句, 当主句是：一般将来时态、含情态动词或祈使句的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。

We’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.it doesn’t rain=it isn’t rainy I’ll tell her the good news as soon as I see her.

同样的情况还适用于not ---- until 句型

I won’t go to bed until I finish my homework.

19It’s time for sth /It’s time to do sth /It’s time for sb to do sth. It’s time for us to start our lesson now.

21.It takes /It took /It will take

somebody some time to do something.

It took them twenty minutes to finish the cleaning.

It will take us about ten hours to finish our homework.

22.it 作形式主语或形式宾语，其真正的主语或宾语是后面带to 的动词不定式:

It’s necessary to learn English well.

We found it difficult to work out the maths problems.

23.too ----to 句型,

too ---- for sb to do sth ----，对某人来说太-----以致于不能----- The apples on the tree are too high for me to reach.

Kate is too young to go to school.

24.enough 用法：形前名后， big enough enough food

enough to do sth足够-------能够-------

Jim is old enough to go to school.

25.little , a little 修饰不可数名词 ;much 修饰不可数

few a few 修饰可数名词; many 修饰可数

a little ，a few 具有肯定含义 little， few 具有否定含义

some, any , a lot of = lots of 既可以修饰不可数，也可以修饰可数名词； Thereis a little time left, take it easy.

We’d better go shopping ,there are few eggs left.

Mr. Little doesn’t have much money. （否定句中常用much而不用a lot of ）

26.much too 中心词是too, 常修饰形容词,

It’s much too cold today, we should wear warm clothes.

too much中心词是much, 常修饰不可数名词,

There’s too much water,please be careful..

27.有关情态动词的问答：

May I ------?No, you can’t.No, you mustn’t.

Must I /we-----?No, you needn’t.

要注意could 和can的区别：could可表示语气的委婉，也表示过去的能力

Could you help me ?Could she swim when she was four years old? 要注意must 和have to 的区别：must强调主观, have to 强调客观 要注意maybe和 may be的区别 ： maybe在句中作谓语

Maybe it’s here.It may be here.

28.不定代词：someone, anyone ; something , anything , nothing ; somebody , anybody, nobody.

Something常用于肯定句和表示请求的疑问句中 ， anything用于否定句中和疑问句中，not anything = nothing

;without anything =with nothing

Would you like something to eat?I’d like Chinese tea with nothing in it . 形容词修饰不定代词要放在不定代词后面：

Be quiet! I have something important to tell you.

Is there anything interesting in today’s newspaper?

29.反身代词: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves.

要记住：一、二人称用物主，第三人称用宾格， 复数self要变selves 和反身代词有关的一些词组：enjoy oneself.= have a good time. learn by oneself, leave one by oneself 单独留下某人

She had to teach her son herself. I don’t need your help, I can do it myself.

30.形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词：

What a strong wind! It’s blowing strongly.

连系动词：be, feel, look, get,turn , taste, smell + 形容词作表语

31.感叹句What + a/an + 形容词 + 可名的单数形式+ 主语+ 谓语！ What+ 形容词+ 可数名词的复数形式 / 不可数名词+ 主语+ 谓语！ How + 形容词或副词 + 主语+ 谓语！

What a nice day it is ! What beautiful flowers they are!

How happily they are playing!

32.反意疑问句：要注意前肯后否，前否后肯，要用be动词，助动词或情态动词来做，

要注意否定词：never, little, few, hardly ,nothing, nobody 等 祈使句的反意疑问句用：will you ?

以Let’s开头的反意疑问句用: shall we ?

She usually gets up at six, doesn’t she?

There’s little water in the bottle, is there? Please take these books to the office, will you? You have never been to New York, have you?

33.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级：要注意比较级和最高级的构成: 规则变化: 要双写的：big, fat, thin, red,

不规则变化：good,bad,far,ill,

比较级用在：than ， a little + ，much + ,

最高级用在：of all, of the three, in his class, in the world等表示有范围的短语中， one of + 最高级 + 可数名词的复数

34.以so 引导的倒装句：表示-----也一样，也如此，前后主语要不一致，要通过be动词、助动词、情态动词来做:

I reached home at 9:00, so did my brother.

Canadians eat a lot of beef, so do Chinese people.

35.either---or----, neither ---- nor ----

连接两个主语，谓语动词采用就近原则；

Either of ----或 Neither of ------谓语动词用单数；

Both of

------或 both ---- and -----谓语动词用复数

Both of them are Chinese. Neither of them is Australian. Neither Jim nor I am American.