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Passage A

MB500 for drought relief

中央拨5亿解云南旱情

The Ministry of Finance said Wednesday that it appropriated(拨出款项) an emergency fund of RMB500m to help the drought relief in Yunnan , Xinhua reported. Since Dec2011, persistent drought in Yunnan has affected people in 15 prefectures(districts) and municipalities, _______(leave) 3.19m people and 1.58m livestock short of drinking water. Drought resulting from low rainfall in the past 3 years has seen 278 rivers and 418 small reservoirs dry up.

Say the following:

1. 5个亿的紧急救灾款

2. 帮助抗旱救灾

3. 使得……缺少饮用水(饮水困难)

Passage B Rain Forests

Rainforests are important because huge numbers of plants and trees there provide us with oxygen through acalled photosynthesis and help to regulate （译：） the world's climate and atmosphere. This is why they are often referred to as the ‘lungs’ of the earth , providing about 20% of the world’s__________. The forests and soil also lock away carbon, an important function, especially in this age when humans are causing so much carbon dioxide to be mosphere through, for example, transport and fossil fuel power stations. In fact they ______ about 20% of the world's man-made carbon dioxide Trees help to control the amount of that is held in the soil. In areas around the world where forests have been felled(译：) , the rainfall patterns have changed. In some places, the rains have almost stopped falling, resulting in __________ , and in others, flooding has been caused.

It is estimat ed that every minut e, 80 football pitches of rainforest are destroyed! Each day, at least one species of animal or plant becomes extinct! Deforestation is responsible for more global carbon emissions than all the planes, trains, buses and cars in the world put together!(译：)

Rainforests are very fragile(译：) ecosystems. They are not good at recovering from disturbance. A mature or PRIMARY forest takes hundreds or even thousands of years to be formed and is built up of a set of layers, each with its own combination of plant and tree species.

The destruction of the rainforests cannot be allowed to continue at the present rate. Governments must plan carefully and control strongly. All tree felling cannot be stopped immediately, but any further destruction of rainforests must take place in a more planned way.

Word help: photosynthesis: the process in which green plants use energy from light to produce food

被认为是地球的肺：

为我们提供氧气：

砍伐树木：1) _____ _____ ____ 2) ______ ______ 3) n. _____________

Passage C

Ways to Protect Our Environment

,

Aug 1, 2009 "Share your voice on Yahoo! websites. ."

There are many ways to protect our planet. This includes saving energy, electricity, and water. By saving the planet, we will have a better future ahead for our next generation. It is critical for us to have awareness of the ways to protect the planet in general and reduce global warming in particular.

Here are four well-known ways to protect the planet:

Reduce: Some ways to reduce consumptions are: instead of using water bottles, use a thermos. This can help because plastic can end up in places like the oceans, where animals can eat this harmful substance, suffer and eventually die. It will also help because not all people recycle their plastic bottles after using them. Instead of using plastic bags at the grocery store, find out where you can buy a fabric bag and the next time when you go grocery shopping, you can use those bags and save the use of plastic bags. You can also save more water by taking shorter ____ and not taking baths.

Reuse: Reusing common items in our households will save the planet as well. We can reuse things like yogurt cups, jars, containers, and paper bags. These things will come in handy （be useful some time or other） a lot. Or you can donate yogurt cups to a preschool and they can use them as paint cups. Plastic bags are also reusable in many different ways. They can come in handy for garbage bags, lunch bags, shoe covers, and many other things. Use both sides of paper or if you need to and in use of a piece of paper then fish(take or pull) it out of your bin and use that. Then you will be saving the use of another paper.

Recycle: Recycling is the easiest thing we can do to protect the planet. What makes it easier is that there is so much that we can recycle. Things like soda cans, plastic bottles, cardboard, or empty boxes can be recycled.

Save: We can save energy and electricity during the day and night. When it's not really hot, there is no need to turn the air conditioner or fan on in the night. When you turn the fan on in the night, it is plugged in for almost half the day and a lot of electricity is wasted.

Open the windows for fresh air. Same with your cars. Just roll down the windows if it is not too hot to save the use of the air conditioner. Stop by carpooling (share ride) with friends or riding bikes instead of driving cars. Stop buying things which are usually made in factories, or packaged. Instead go to local farms and buy fresh without the harmful gases produced by the factories which cause pollution.

There are many things that we can do to protect the planet, and it is important to start doing it now.

Say the following:

1. 少淋浴，不盆浴

2. 迟早会用到

3. 从回收垃圾箱抽出一张纸

4. （通过）与朋友或邻居合用车来减少污染

5. 用 “Use （or other verbs） …… instead of ……., which……”造句

passage D: 12-year-old girl’s speech at UN Conference

“Hello, I am Severn Suzuki speaking for E.C.O - the Environmental Children’s Organization. We are a group of 12 and 13 year-olds trying to make a difference , Vanessa Suttie, Morgan Geisler, Michelle Quigg and me. We’ve raised all the money to come here ourselves, to come 5,000 miles to tell you adults you must change your ways. Coming up here today, I have no hidden agenda. I am fighting for my future. Losing my future is not like losing an election, or a few points on the stock market. ”

“I am here to speak for all generations to come. I am here to speak on behalf of the starving children around the world whose cries go unheard. I am here to speak for the countless animals dying across this planet, because they have nowhere left to go. I am afraid to go out in the sun now, because of the holes in our ozone. I am afraid to breathe the air, because I don’t know what chemicals are in it. I used to go fishing in Vancouver, my home, with my Dad until, just a few years ago, we found a fish full of cancers. And now we hear of animals and plants going extinct every day, vanishing forever. In my life, I have dreamt of seeing the great herds of wild animals, jungles and rainforests full of birds and butterflies, but now I wonder if they will even exist for my children to see.”

“Did you have to worry of these things when you were my age? All this is happening before our eyes and yet we act as if we have all the time we want and all the solutions. I’m only a child and I don’t have all the solutions, but I want you to realize, neither do you. You don’t know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer. You don’t know how to bring the salmon back up a dead stream. You don’t know how to bring back an animal now extinct. And you can’t bring back the forest that once grew where there is now a desert. If you don ’t know how to fix it, please stop breaking it.”

“Here you may be delegates of your governments, business people, organizers, reporters or politicians. But, really, you’re mothers and fathers, sisters and brothers, aunts and uncles and all of you are someone’s child. I’m only a child, yet I know we are all part of a family, 5 billion strong(more then 5 billion), in fact 30 million species strong. And borders and governments will never change that. I’m only a child, yet I know we are all in this together and should act as one single world towards one single goal.”

“In my anger, I am not blind and in my fear I am not afraid of telling the world how I feel. In my country we make so much waste, we buy and throw away, buy and throw away, buy and throw away and yet Northern countries will not share with the needy . Even when we have more than enough we are afraid to share, we are afraid to let go of some of our wealth. In Canada , we live the privileged life . We ’ve plenty of food, water and shelter. We have watches, bicycles, computers and television sets. The list could go on for 2 days. Two days ago here in Brazil , we were shocked when we spent time with some children living on the streets. This is what one child told us, ‘I wish I was rich and if I were, I would give all the street children food, clothes, medicines, shelter and love and affection’. If a child on the street who has nothing is willing to share, why are we who have everything still so greedy ? I can’t stop thinking that these are children my own age, that it makes a tremendous difference where you are born. And that I could be one of those children living in the favelas of Rio . I could be a child starving in Somalia , or a victim of war in the Middle East or a beggar in India . I am only a child, yet I know if all the money spent on war was spent on finding environmental answers ending poverty and in finding treaties, what a wonderful place this earth would be.”

“At school, even in kindergarten, you teach us how to behave in the world. You teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others and to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not be greedy. Then, why do you go out and do the things you tell us not to do? Do not forget why you are attending these

conferences, who you are doing this for. We are your own children. You are deciding what kind of a world we are growing up in. Parents should be able to comfort their children by saying ‘Everything is going to be all right, it’s not the end of the world, and we are doing the best we can. But I don’t think you can say that to us anymore. Are we even on your list of priorities? My dad always says, ‘You are what you do, not what you say’. Well, what you do makes me cry at night. You grown-ups say you love us. But I challenge you, please, make your actions reflect your words. Thank you.”

Passage E

Environment---how can you help protect it?

课后阅读：（进一步搜集写作素材）

reading task:

1. Who offered these tips?

2. Tips to be adopted in your speech, ( underline what you think is useful for your speech.)

Our planet is changing. We need to help it change for the better and we're asking for your help to do that! There are a lot of things that affect our planet in a bad way but the good news is that everyone can help to reduce them and do their bit for the environment.

1. Electricity

How to help

On or Off? Leaving televisions and computers on with the little red light showing still uses up electricity, even though they might look like they're turned off.

Lights out! Turning lights off when you're not in the room can save a lot of energy.

Putting the kettle on Britons drink an amazing 60.2 billion cups of tea a day according to The Tea Council. That's a lot of tea, and a lot of electricit y too! That's why it's important to only boil as much water as you need in your kettle. It's best to boil enough water for one cup, not three or five - plus you won't have to wait as long, which is a

bonus!

Shopping Many products are now helping you to reduce your energy use and your parents’ energy bills! Check new products for their efficiency grade and rating a nd keep an eye out for the Energy Efficiency

.

Our growing need for energy is one of the problems facing the world today, because producing electricity also produces our next topic - pollution .

2. Pollution

How to help:

Don’t drop litter Birds and animals can mistake litter for food. Litter can end up in rivers and block drains, or in the sea and be eaten by fish. Also, some litter will stay around for thousands of years!

Save it! All of the electricity saving tips in the above section will also help reduce pollution.

On your bike Instead of taking the car get your bicycle out or walk Pleasing products Many household cleaning product s contain harmful chemicals which are washed down t he drain. Encourage your parents to buy eco-friendly products.

3. Food

W e can’t live without it! With more than 7 billion people on earth the demand for food has never been bigger. How to Help:

Meat Free Mondays are an easy and effective way to cut down on meat. Make one or even two of your days meat-free. Eat organic organic foods have had no insecticides and pesticides added to them which makes them more natural and healthy. Eating organic food reduces how many chemicals are made and spread across the countryside.

Get worms! Food waste is an important issue as 7 billion of us munch our way through millions of tonnes of food. Give your leftovers to worms and they’ll turn it into rich and healthy compost for your vegetable garden and flowers!

Washing Always wash your hands before eating to prevent the spread of invisible bad stuff like bact eria and chemicals. It’s also good to wash fruit and vegetables before eating or cooking.

4.. Water

Turn on the tap and there it is. Getting water is so easy that you’d be mistaken for thinking that there was an endless supply. But the world has a water shortage.

Every person in the UK uses about 150 litres of water a day - compare this to some countries where they only have 5-10 litres! Poor countries would be shocked to hear that we use drinking wat er to flush our toilets. There are many simple ways that we cam reduce our water use. Let’s have a look at how you can help:

How to help:

Get your teeth into it We brush our teeth twice a day and by turning the tap off while we brush we can save 5-10 litres of water. If every adult in the UK did this then we’d save enough water for 500,000 homes. So, kids - let’s show them how it’s done!

Rain Gain Collecting rainwater in a water butt in your garden is a great way of collecting and reusing the water to keep plants healthy in the summer.

Reuse Share bath water with your family to reduce costs and water use. Or, set yourself a challenge to cut down your shower time by 1 or 2 minutes.

5. Rubbish

Let’s start with a fact. Every year the UK produces 280 million tons of waste - that’s about the same as 700,000 fully loaded airliners. We throw away unwant ed food, glass bottles, plastic bottles, cans, wrappers, paper and cardboard. Can you think of anything else?

Many of these things are made up of natural resources such as trees, coal, oil and aluminium and one day some of these resources will be used up completely.

Over the last ten years the whole of the UK has come together to do more about this. 40% of all household waste is now recycled compared to just 11% in 2000. Do you recycle at home and at school?

According to RecycleNow, recycling in the UK saves more than 18 million tons of carbon dioxide a year – equivalent to (译：) taking 5 million cars off the road. So, is all our rubbish really rubbish?

How to help:

Thinking more about what we waste helps to protect the environment by saving energy, reducing pollution, cutting costs and preserving our natural resources.

Sort it out! Put rubbish into different dustbins

Save trees Save trees by recycling your own paper. Write on both sides of a piece of paper.If you are buying paper, buy recycled paper.

Fashion Statement Give any unwanted clothes to charity shops or to a Salvation Army recycling bank. A lot of our unwanted clothes go to the homeless t o keep them warm or alt ernatively, the clot hes are sent to developing count ries. There’s always someone who will want that knitted jumper!

Would you like a bag? If you can carry your shopping home without a bag then carry it home. If you can’t why not take a bag you already have with you. Re-using bags is the cool way to shop!

Packaging Packaging is a big problem for the environment because once the product is open you don’t need it and it’s thrown out or, if it’s lucky, recycled. So avoid buying products that have a lot of paper and plastic around them. Shout out - Tell F riends of the Earth what products or companies you think highlight the problem of our trashed planet. To let them know what you think.

Homew ork:

1）Reread the materials and make a list of words and expressions useful for your writing.

2) Write your speech with the title “ What w e teenagers can do to help protect the environment? Send your speech to for correction: