初中英语状语从句讲解练习
初中英语之------状语从句
状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词、副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句, 原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。
一、状语从句的分类
1. 时间状语从句:在一个句子中作时间状语的句子。
引导词:when(当„时候); while(当„时候); as(当„时候); after(在„以后); before(在„以前); as soon as(一„就„); since(自从„到现在); till / not …until(直到„才)
构成:主句+引导词+从句(陈述语序句子)
举例:It was raining hard when I got to school yesterday. (was raining所发生的时间是when I got to school yesterday.)
注意:1)时间状语从句常遵循“主将从现”原则,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如: 尤其要注意从句的主语是第三人称单数形式)
(3)He 2) 主句从句
而主句+was/were + doing (延续性动词,长时间) + when +从句+一般过去时(非延续性动词,短时间)
例如:(1) My mother was cooking while my father was watching TV.
3) 在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:
(1) Let’s 是延续性动词,所以用肯定句)
是非延续性动词,故要用not … until,为否定句)
2. 原因状语从句:在一个句子中表示原因的句子, 译作“因为”。
连接词:由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for引导。
举例:I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
’t go to school.
3. 条件状语从句
连接词:if如果, unless (=if not) 除非。(主将从现原则)
举例:If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.
注意:1)条件状语从句,也遵循“主将从现”的原则。例如: (2) He 尤其要注意从句的主语是第三人称单数形式,并且为否定句)
2)“祈使句 + and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:
(1) Hurry up, or you’ll be late. = If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late.
(2) Study hard and you will pass the exam. = If you study hard, you will pass the exam.
4. 目的、结果状语从句
目的状语从句是指在一个句子中充当目的状语的句子,译作“以此来....”。
结果状语从句是指在一个句子中充当结果状语的句子,译作“所以...或者如此„以致于”。
引导词:so that = in order that, so„that
举例:1) He came early so that he could get a good seat.
2) The boy is so little that he can't go to school alone.
5. 让步状语从句
让步状语从句是指在句子中作让步的状语的句子
连接词: though, although, even though, even if 译作“尽管„„”
举例:Although he is rich, he is not happy. = He is rich, but he is not happy.
6. 地点状语从句
连接词:where哪里;wherever 无论哪里
举例:1) A new school will be built where it was a shopping center.
2) Wherever you go, you should work hard.
二、总结:状语从句分类及常用连词:
类 别 连 词
时间状语从句:when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till,not …until 地点状语从句:where, wherever
原因状语从句:because, since, as, for
目的状语从句:in order that(为了,以便), so that
结果状语从句:so…that, such…that
条件状语从句:if, unless, as(so)long as (只要…)
让步状语从句:though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever