饮料罐装生产线控制系统的改进设计

毕 课题名称 系/专 业班 级学 号学生姓名指导教师

业 论 文 饮料罐装生产线控制系统的改进设计

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摘 要

灌装线一般是由多台不同功能的单机设备为了满足某一产品生产或者加工目的的联动生产线。是为了减少人力，优化作业流程并提高生产效率的机电装置。从狭义上来说就是对于某一产品的灌装线。按灌装物料的属性可以分为:流体灌装线、粉剂灌装线、颗粒灌装线、半流体灌装线等。按自动化程度可分为全自动灌装线、半自动灌装线。

本文主要讲的是饮料灌装生产流水线的PLC控制，刚开始介绍的是灌装线与灌装封盖机，之后又穿插了一些关于PLC的相关知识，接着以饮料灌装流水线为例采用三菱公司的FX系列可编程序控制器，介绍了PLC在饮料罐装流水线中的应用，给出了详细的程序设计过程。利用PLC控制饮料灌装生产过程，可有效提高灌装生产效率，并显著增加控制系统的可靠性和柔性。

随着工业自动化水平日益提高，众多工业企业均面临着传统生产线的改造和重新设计问题。PLC（可编程序控制器）是以微处理器为核心的工业控制装置，它将传统的继电器控制系统与计算机技术结合在一起，近年来在工业自动控制、机电一体化、改造传统产业等方面得到普遍应用。作为通用工业控制计算机，其实现了工业控制领域接线逻辑到存储逻辑的飞跃，在世界工业控制中发挥着越来越重要的作用。鉴于此，设计者利用PLC的功能和特点设计出了一款饮料灌装生产流水线控制系统。

采用PLC控制饮料灌装生产线，实现了饮料生产线的自动化、智能化。对劳动生产率的提高，饮料质量和产量的提高具有深远的意义。

关键词: 可编程序控制器（PLC）、自动化、智能化、灌装线

┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 装 ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 订 ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ ┊ 线 ┊ ┊ ┊ Along with industrial automation level increasing, many industrial enterprises are faced with the traditional production line modification and redesign. PLC (programmable controller) is a microprocessor as the core of industrial control device, it will traditional relay control system and computer technology together, in recent years in industrial automatic control, electromechanical integration, transform traditional industries, etc. As a general industrial control computer, which realizes the industrial control field wiring logic to storage logic of leap, the world is playing an increasingly important role in industrial control. In view of this, the designer designed the function and features of using PLC drink filling production line control system.

PLC is used to control the beverage filling production line, realize the automation, intelligent beverage production line. On the improvement of labor productivity, has profound significance to improve beverage quality and yield.

Abstract

Filling line is generally made of different function unit in order to meet the line of a production or processing purposes. In order to reduce manpower, optimize work flow and improve the production efficiency of the electromechanical device. In a narrow sense is the filling line of a product. According to the filling material properties can be divided into: fluid filling line, powder filling line, grain filling line, half fluid filling line etc.. According to the degree of automation can be divided into automatic filling line, semi-automatic filling line.

This article mainly talking about beverage filling production line PLC control, is introduced, for the first filling line and filling capping machine, and then with some relevant knowledge about the PLC, then in beverage filling line, for example using FX series PLC, this paper introduces the application of PLC in the canned beverage production line, detailed program design process is given. Using PLC control filling beverage production process, filling can effectively improve the production efficiency, and significantly increase the reliability of the control system and flexible.

KEY WORDS PLC ，Automation ，Intelligence，filling lines

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目 录

第一章绪论 ....................................................................... 6

1.1项目背景 ................................................................. 6 1.2课题研究内容 ............................................................. 6 1.3课程研究意义 ............................................................. 6 1.4课程研究方法 ............................................................. 6 第二章 灌装线与灌装封盖机介绍 .................................................... 8

2.1灌装线简介 ............................................................... 8

2.1.1主要零部件结构 ..................................................... 9 2.1.2常见的灌装结构 ..................................................... 9 2.1.3封盖机工作原理 ..................................................... 9 2.2灌装封盖机的组成与分析 ................................................... 9

2.2.1灌装机结构 ......................................................... 9 2.2.2输送工作台结构 .................................................... 10 2.2.3压盖机结构 ........................................................ 10 2.2.4传动工作原理 ...................................................... 10 2.2.5、管路系统 ......................................................... 10 2.3饮料灌装生产流水线模型 .................................................. 10 第三章 PLC的介绍 ............................................................... 13

3.1 PLC的基本组成 ........................................................... 13 3.2 PLC的功能与特点 ......................................................... 14 3.3 PLC的应用范围 ........................................................... 14 3.3.1 可编程控制器的特点 .................................................... 15 3.3.2 设计PLC控制时，应遵循以下基本原则 .................................... 15 第四章 系统总体设计 ............................................................ 17

4.1 传感器的选择 ............................................................ 17 4.2硬件的设计 .............................................................. 18 4.3 控制程序设计 ............................................................ 18 4.4控制系统外部接线图 ...................................................... 19

4.4.1 输入/输出接口（I/O）功能量 ........................................ 19 4.5 PLC的选型............................................................... 20 4.6输入输出模块的选择 ...................................................... 20

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4.7电源的选择 .............................................................. 20 第五章 系统软件设计 ............................................................ 21

5.1 控制系统顺序功能图 ...................................................... 21 5.2 梯形图 .................................................................. 21 第六章 程序的调试 .............................................................. 24 第七章 结论 ..................................................................... 25 谢辞 ............................................................................ 26 参考文献 ........................................................................ 27