动词不定式to何时可省略
何时跟to说bye-bye
动词不定式的基本形式是“to 动词原形”,本身没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能作谓语,其否定形式为在不定式符号to前加not。可是,我们有时候会见到动词不定式前边的to何时被省略的情况,这是怎么回事呢?先请看以下两个例句:
① We often hear the boy read English here. 我们经常听到男孩儿在这儿读英语。
② You'd better not go there alone. 你最好不要一个人去那儿。
在以上两个例句中,动词不定式前的to就被省略了。一般来说,省略不定式符号to 常见于以下情况:
1. 作宾补,一感二听三让四看半帮助
宾补,也就是宾语补足语,在句中对宾语补充说明。动词tall(让)ask(请求)teach(教)wish(希望)等常接动词不定式做宾补。
如:Dad wishes me to pass the exam. 爸爸希望我考试过关。
但以下这些动词后常接省略了to的动词不定式作宾补:即一感feel;二听listen to/ hear; 三让make/ let/ have; 四看see/ watch/ look at/ notice;半帮助help sb (not ) do sth.
如:I felt someone come in just now. 我刚才感到有人进来了。
here/ see/ make sb do sth. 用在被动语态中,常把to还原。
如:We made him do it.= He was made to do it by us.
我们让他做这件事。/ 他被我们要求做这件事。
2. 记句型,牢记心中定成功
省略了不定式符号to 的句型有以下几个:
① You'd better ( not ) do sth. 你最好(不要)做某事
如:You'd better not leave me alone.你最好别把我一个人单独留下。
② Will/ would you please ( not ) do sth? 请(不要)…,好吗?
如:Will/ would you please not close the door? 请不要关门,好吗?
③ prefer to do A rather than do B 与做B相比,更喜欢做A(宁愿做A,也不愿做B)
如:She preferred to stay at home rather than go out when she was young.
她小时候宁愿待在家,也不愿出去。
语法专练
翻译句子
1. Would you like ______ ( write ) a poem?
2. ______ ( swim ) is good for our health.
3. His job is ______ ( teach ) English.
4. They advise me ______ ( stop ) smoking.
5. Do you often see him ______ ( play ) basketball?
6. The little boy is too scared ______ ( move )
7. You’d better ______ ( do ) some washing at home.
8. Tom was made ______ ( copy ) the text after class.
9. It’s difficult for Ken ______ ( learn ) chemistry.
10. He came back early ______ ( watch ) TV
单项选择
11. Jack is very funny. He always makes us _____.
A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. laughs
12. Will you please show me ______QQ to talk with others?
A. what to use B. how to use C. to use what D. to use how
13. ---We can go there by bus as usual.
---Why not ______ there for a change?
A. try walking B. try to walk C. to try and walk D. to try walking
14. Mum is sleeping. You’d better ______.
A. not to wake her up B. not wake her up C. not to wake up her D. not wake up her
15. It’s raining outside. Tell him ______ the window.
A. not open B. not to open C. to not open D. don’t open
16. ----Mum, I’m happy.
----What about going to KFC ______fried Chicken?
A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. to eating
17. The teacher asked us ______ work on time.
A. finish B. to finish C. finished D. finishes
18. The young lady watched her daughter______ a yo – yo yesterday morning.
A. to play with B. to play C. playing D. playing with
19. --- There’s a ruler on the floor. Is it yours?
--- Oh, yes, it’s mine.
---Let me ______for you.
A. pick it up B. pick up it C. to pick it up D. to pick up it
20. ---Did you hear her _____- this song?
--- Sometimes.
A. sing B. sang C. singing D. to sing