★医学英语考博作文词汇归纳★
★医学英语考博作文词汇归纳★
（一）医疗、医院、医生
1 、医生
① doctor medical worker
② physician 内科医生
③ surgeon 外科医生
④ doctor in charge 主治医生
⑤ intern 实习医生
⑥ resident doctor 住院医生
2 、医院
① hospital
The specialized hospital 专科医院
The general hospital 普通医院
The community hospital 社区医院
The public hospital 公立医院
The private hospital 私立医院
② clinc 门诊
Conventional clinic treatment普通门诊
③ ward 病房
④ medical team 医疗队
3 医疗手段
① drug therapy 药物治疗
② medical treatment 医疗
③ medical instruments 医疗器械
④ diagnose (v) 诊断 (n) diagnosis
⑤ prevent (v) 预防
⑥ sterilize (v) 消毒 |
⑦ administrate a drug 给药
⑧ prevent and treat disease (v) 预防和治疗疾病
⑨ TCM 中医
⑩ chemotherapy 化疗
(11) medical service 医疗服务
(12) complain of (v) 主述
(13) health checkup 健康普查
(14) diagnosing and treating 诊断和治疗
(15) consult the doctor(v) 咨询 ;
4 、医疗体制
（1）healthcare system 医疗体制
（2）medical disputes 医疗纠纷
（3）medical accident 医疗事故
（4）the relationship between doctors and patients 医患关系
（5）medical insurance system 医疗保险体系
（6）medical aid fund 医疗救助基金
5 、医德
（1）medical ethics 医德
（2）patient-oriented 以病人为核心
（3）humanistic 人道主义的
（4）compassionate 富于同情性的
（5）considerate 体贴周到的
（6）resolute 果断的
（7）service quality 服务质量
（8）to give top priority to the lives and health of people
6 、病人
（1）patient
（2）the sick
（3）the invalid
(4) sufferer
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类（二）
必知疾病名称
1 、患病的表达方式
⑪ suffer from (v )
(2) contract （v ）
(3) people with some disease 患病人群
(4) the people susceptible to some disease 易感某种疾病的人
2 、必知疾病名称
heart disease 心脏病
hypertension 高血压
kidney problem 肾病
stroke 休克
the blood pressure 血压
diabetes 糖尿病
obesity 肥胖
terminal illness 绝症
incurable illness 不治之症
cancer 癌症
tumor 肿瘤
cancer of early stage 癌症晚期
emergency case 急症
servious illness 重症
the difficult and complicated cases 疑难病
short breath 短气
syndrome 综合症
complications 并发症
process 病程
bone loss 骨质疏松
short-sighted （adj）近视
3 、其他相关词汇
outbreak and spending
break out (v) 疾病的爆发
spread (v) 疾病的扩散
the incidence of common diseases 常见病发生率
taboo 禁忌
speed up blood circulation (v)
improve the cardiac functions (v)
side effects 副反应
complain of 主述
4 、传染病专题
(1) 感染源
virus 病毒 bacteria 细菌 pest 害虫 channel and media 传染途径及媒介
（2 ）传染疾病
some disease epidemic 传染性疾病 plague 鼠疫
influenza （简）flu 流感
infection contagion 传染病
infectious diseases 传染病
AIDS 艾滋病
SARS
(3) 传染
epidemic (a) 流行的，传染的
block the chanel (v)
disseminate 传播
cross infection 交叉感染
5 、疾病名称
illness
sickness
disease
ailment
suffering
6 、疾病的转归
（1 ）疾病的恢复
recover recovery
recuperate
resume
recruit
reinstate
(2) 疾病的恶化
deteriorate
aggravate
exasperate
make worse
worsen
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类（三）
药物
1 、药物名称
medicine
drug
remedy
medicinal herbs
power
tablet
pill
2 、相关词汇
drug therapy 药物治疗
side effects 副反应
drug abuse 药物滥用
drugstore 药房
over the counter 非处方药
drug allergy 药物过敏
drug poisoning 药物中毒
prescription 处方
expenses for medicine 药费
charges for medicine
drug rebate 药品回扣
3 、药物用法
开药 :
prescribe some medicine for some diseases
write out a proscription
服药
take a medicine
治„的疾病
a remedy for some diseases
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(四)
心理疾病
1 、心理学专业词汇
subhealth 亚健康
psychological benefits 心理健康
psychological problem 心理问题
psychological consultation 心理咨询
psychological obstacles 心理障碍
mental obstacles 心理障碍
psychological massage 心理按摩
psychology 心理学/ 心理
psychotherapy 心理治疗
psychological expert 心理专家
2 、相关词汇
questionnaire
3 、情绪词汇
overcome
disappoint
disappointed
shy ,
flush
frustration
failure
willpower
optimism
optimistical
be sensitive to
nervous
tensional
sad agony pessimism pessimistic
confident confidence
stress pressure
depress depressed
depression depressive
4 、疲劳相关词汇
fatigue tire (v) weariness (n) tired(a) exhausted(a) fatigued (a) weary 医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(五)
肥胖与营养
1、营养物质
nutrient 营养素
protein 蛋白质
fat 脂肪
glucose 葡萄糖
vitamin 维生素
sugar 糖类
heat calories quantity of heat 热量
carbohydrate 碳水化合物
soft drink beverage 软饮料
cholesterol胆固醇
2 、营养与饮食
a well-balanced diet
nutrition 营养
nutritional 营养的
nutritious 有营养的
nutritionist 营养学家
malnutrition 营养失调
metabolism 物质代谢
fat free food
the prepared food 熟食
grain 谷物
food shortages 食品短缺
lack of food
breakfast lunch supper 一日三餐
imbalance (n) unbalance (a) 失衡
3 、营养失衡相关疾病
stroke ;
obesity
hypertension
diabetes!
4 、治疗措施
diet drug 减肥药
lose weight 减肥
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(六)
生活习惯、健康及运动
1 、生活习惯
life-style 生活习惯
a disorder of body and mind
a physical and mental disorder
crazy tempo of life 快节奏的生活
high tempo of life
be accustomed to sth
the exercise habit
2 、运动与休息
ample sleep 充足的睡眠
relax oneself
take sports
physical exercises
sport activities
do sports
sports ground （简） gym 体育场馆
entertainment
be more/less physically fit
sustain the exercise habit
constitution 体质
hormone 激素
subhealth亚健康
cooperative medical caresystem合作医疗体系
resist mutation防癌
immunomodulator免疫调节剂
enthusiasm热情
医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(七)
医学研究领域相关词汇
1.下降、减少 reduction，decrease，decline，diminution, drop，descend，go / come down，fall；上升、增加rise; go up; ascend；increase;
2.禽流感 H1N1 flu bird flu/avian flu;食品安全 food safety;
3.公共卫生突发事件public health emergencies; 应急反应 immediate response to;
4.关注民生 concern(focus on, pay attention to) people’s livelihood/well-being;
5.城乡卫生体系 urban-rural medical and health system
6.预防保健Disease Prevention and Health care，服务体系service system；
7.讲究卫生pay attention to hygiene；个人和环境卫生personal and environmental hygiene
8.lite清淡的；protein-complemented diet蛋白添加饮食；
9.preventive initiatives=preventive measures预防的措施
10.人畜共患病zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病，
11.虫媒insect pollination；虫媒传染病insect-borne /arthropod-borne infectious disease：
12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renal syndrome；
13.epidemic hemorrhagic fever 流行性出血热；
14.爆发流行：break out, explode; an epidemic outbreak of,explosion
15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable, contagion/ contagious, transmission/transmittable；
communicable可传达的, 会传染的, 爱说话的[医] 有传染性的;
communicative a. 健谈的, 爱说话的, 交际的
16.传播途径route of transmission, bird flu transmits by air/wind；person to person transmission
17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/ propagation
18.污染pollution/ pollute，contamination/contaminate
19.福祉 well-being, happiness；
20.衰老grow old；aging；consenescence；senility；senile
21.from bad to worse每况愈下；akin to=similar to 相似的；Purulent脓的,化脓的
22.脂肪肝fatty liver; 血压 hypertension
23.肠癌Cancer of Rectum and Colon；亚健康 sub-health
24.过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork
25.长期以来 for a long time ; over the years
26.养生preserve one's health; nourishing of life; keep in good health
27.分类 be divided into＝fall into three categories＝be grouped according to their origin, into three classes.＝be categorized according to/be roughly classified into three kinds.
28.基本职责=basic/ fundamental/essential/elementary
duties/responsibilities/obligations；
基本原则fundamental principle/ rule,basic rule or principle;
29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。
30.民众the (general) public，the masses of the people，the common people；合作者co-worker; collaborator; copartner; coagent;
31.死亡人数death toll，deaths，the number of people killed in/dying from The death toll is expected to rise. The death toll continues to rise. There have been more deaths from drowning.
How much is the death toll? 死亡人数是多少？
32.归结为 boil down to；come down to；
归因为/归功于 be attributable to、be attributed to、ascribe or attribute„ to、 owe„to;
归咎于lay or put the blame on sb、blame„on、ascribe or attribute„ to、impute„ to。
33.大规模on a large scale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行 large-scale transmission，become a pandemic，massive attack/outbreak
34.表面上on the surface, apparently, ostensibly, superficial, seemingly; 因果关系 cause-and-effect relationship, causal relationship/relations; 孤立现象an isolated phenomenon；
复杂的complicated，complex，sophisticated，intricate；
极端复杂性extreme/ exceeding complexity/complicacy。
35.低保basic living allowances/subsistence allowances；
养老保险 endowment insurance；
退休养老金retirement pension； Health Care Reform医疗改革
36.激烈运动strenuous exercise；vigorous activity；
37.月经期menstrual period
38.生活的节奏the tempo/the pace of life; a life of quick /fast pace
39.婴幼儿保健the infant health care
40.安乐死euthanasia；
41.得绝症的terminally ill；
42.临终关怀=Hospice Care=end-of-life care
濒临死亡的病人：dying patients，terminally ill patients，incurable patient
43.Secondhand Smoking ，also called “involuntary smoking” or “passive smoking”.