一般过去时详细讲解

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一般过去式The past Indefinite tense

一、概念：1、过去的状态：

肯定句：主语+ was/were+(形容词、名词、介词短语) 。

否定形式：主语+ was/were +not +(形容词、名词、介词短语) 。

一般疑问句形式：was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语) ？

Yes, 主语+was/were. No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

特殊疑问句句式：疑问词+ was/were+主语+(形容词、名词、介词短语) ？

* 单数三人成和I 用，was; 复数人称和you 用were 。

2、过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为：

肯定句：主语+ V过去式 +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。

否定形式：主语+ did +not +宾语 +时间状语、地点状语。

一般疑问句形式：Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语？

Yes, 主语+did. No, 主语+didn’t

特殊疑问句句式：疑问词+Did +主语 + V原型 +宾语 +时间状语/地点状语？

二、四种时间状语：

① yesterday及相关短语。

例如：yesterday morning/afternoon/evening ，the day before yesterday,

② “last+ 时间状语”构成的短语。

例如：last Monday .../last night/month/spring/year 昨晚/上个月/去年春天/去年。

③ “一段时间+ago”组成的短语。

例如：three days ago 三天以前 four years ago四年以前。

④ “介词+ 时间名词”组成的短语。

例如：in 1999 在1999年；on the morning of December 25th 在12月25号早上。

还有一些过去时常用的时间状语：

just now, at the age of 5, one day, long ago, once upon a time(很久以前), at that time,before, a

few days ago, when，the other day（前几天），When I was 8 years old（当我八岁时…），etc.

三、过去时用法：

① 表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

例如：I went to school at 7:00 yesterday morning.我昨天早晨七点去上学。

② 表示在过去某个时间存在的状态。

例如：She was not at home last night.她昨晚八点没在家。

③ 表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often(经常) 、always(总是) 、sometimes

(有时) 等表示频率的时间状语连用。

例如：他上个月经常在学校吃午饭。

④ 表示已故的人所做的事情或情况。

例如：Ba Jin wrote a lot of novels for us.巴金写了很多部小说。

四种谓语动词的表现形式

① 行为动词的过去式，分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。规则动词的过去式的构成遵循

以下四个规则：

1）直接在动词后加ed ，例如：help-helped; want-wanted等；

2）以不发音的字母e 结尾时，去掉e 加ed (即直接加d) , 例如：like-liked ；

3）以辅音字母y 结尾时，把y 变成i 再加ed, 例：carry-carried; study-studied等；

4）以重读闭音节结尾，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed, 例如：stop-stopped; shop-shopped

等。而不规则动词的过去式则需要我们认真下工夫去记了，例如：go-went; come-came;

buy-bought 等。

② 情态动词的过去式+动词原形。

例如：I could swim at the age of five. 我五岁时就会游泳了

五、 AAA 型（过去式、过去分词与原形一致）

原形过去式过去分词词义

cut cut cut 切、割

shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）

put put put 放置

let let let 让

set set set 设置

hit hit hit 撞击

hurt hurt hurt 受伤；疼痛

cost cost cost 值…钱；花费

read [ri:d] read [red] read [red] 朗读；阅读

AAB 型过去式与原形一致

beat beat beaten 击败

ABA 型过去分词与原形一致

run ran run 跑步；逃跑

come came come 来

become became become 变得；成为

ABB 型过去式与过去分词一致

buy bought bought 买

fight fought fought 打架；打仗

think thought thought 想；认为

seek sought sought 寻找；探究

bring brought brought 带来

catch caught caught 抓住；接住

teach

lend

send

spend

build

feel

leave

keep

sleep

oversleep

sweep

mean [mi:n]

learn

burn

hear [hiE]

lead

mislead

feed

flee

meet

shoot

light

get

win

sit

dig

stick

hang

taught lent sent spent built felt left kept slept overslept swept meant [ment] learnt / learned burnt / burned heard [hE:d] led misled fed fled met shot lit / lighted got won sat dug stuck hung hanged taught lent sent spent built felt left kept slept overslept swept meant [ment] learnt /learned burnt / burned heard [hE:d] led misled fed fled met shot lit / lighted got won sat dug stuck hung hanged 教；教书借出送；派遣花费（时间、金钱）建设；建立感觉；摸起来离开保持；保留睡觉睡过头打扫意思是学；学会燃烧；烧伤听见领导；致使把…引错方向喂养；喂食逃跑遇见；碰到射击点燃获得；得到获胜；赢得坐下挖掘刺；戳悬挂绞死

sell sold sold 出售

tell told told 告诉

smell smelt smelt 闻；嗅

spell spelt spelt 拼写

hold held held 拿着；握住

find found found 找到；发现

stand stood stood 站立

understand understood understood 理解

lay

pay

say [sei]

have /has

make

shine

lose [lu:z]

begin

drink

ring

sing

sink

swim

blow

fly

know

grow

throw

draw

show

break

speak

steal

choose

freeze

wake

laid paid said [sed] had made shone / shined lost [lRst] ABC 型 began drank rang sang sank swam blew flew knew [nju:] grew threw drew showed broke spoke stole chose froze woke laid 下蛋, 平放 paid 付款 said [sed] 说 had 有 made 制作 shone / shined 照耀 lost [lRst] 丢失原形、过去式、过去分词不一致 begun 开始 drunk 喝；饮 rung 铃（响）；打电话 sung 唱歌 sunk 下沉 swum 游泳 blown 吹；刮风 flown 飞；放（风筝） known 知道；懂得 grown 种植；生长 thrown 扔；投 drawn 绘画 shown 出示；给…看 broken 打破；不服从 spoken 说话 stolen 偷 chosen 选择 frozen 冻结 woke / woken 醒来；唤醒

forget forgot forgotten 忘记

take took taken 拿走

mistake mistook mistaken 错拿

shake shook shaken 摇动；握（手）

eat ate eaten 吃

fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒

rise rose risen [rizn] 上升；上涨

drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶

give gave given 给

forgive forgave forgiven 原谅

see saw seen 看见

ride rode ridden 骑（车、马）

hide hid hidden 躲藏

bite bit bitten 咬

forbid forbade / forbad forbidden 禁止；不许

write wrote written 书写

bear bore born 忍受

tear tore torn 撕破

wear wore worn 穿、戴（衣帽等）

am / is was been 是

are were been 是

do / does did done 做

go went gone 去

lie lay lain 躺；卧

情态动词的过去式

must must 必须

can could 能够；会

shall should 应当

will would 将；会

一、请在仔细诊断每个句子后，把正确的句子写在横线上。

1. We were go to school early yesterday.

2. She was buy a dress last week.

3. Did you liked playing football ?

4.-Did you have a good trip ? -No, I didn’t.5. We didn’t flew kites last month. 6.How is Jane yesterday? _________________________________________

7.He go to school by bus last week. ________________________________

8.He goes home at 6:00 last month. ________________________________

9.I can fly kites seven years ago. ___________________________________

10.Did you saw him just now. _______________________________________

11.Tom wasn't watch TV last night. ________________________________

12.I did not my homework yesterday. _______________________________

13. He wait for you three hours ago. _________________________________

14.Who find it just now? __________________________________________

二、请将下列的汉语句子翻译成正确的英语。

1、你昨晚去哪了？_______________________________________

2、我去了王府井的一家商店。_____________________________

3、李明前天想给妈妈买件大衣，但他没有太多的钱。

4、我们去年在南京玩得不快乐。

5．我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。

6．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。

7．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。

8. 格林先生去年住在中国。

9. 昨天我们参观了农场。

10. 他刚才在找他的手机。三、按要求转化句型否定句：__________________________________________

一般疑问句：________________________________________