高考英语语法名词讲义
名词第二讲
I. 可数名词和不可数名词
4. 抽象名词一定都是不可数名词么?
E.g. 1. Everybody thought that his lecture was a failure.
2. He collects stamps for pleasure.
He finds work is a pleasure.
3. The athlete tried to win honour for his country.
I feel it an honour to make a speech here.
II. 名词的复数
1. 复数的规则变化
(1)一般在名词词尾加s
(2)y 结尾的名词——
(3)-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词,——
(4)-f, -fe结尾的名词,——
(5)-o 结尾的名词,——
2. 名词复数的不规则变化
(1) child __________ foot ____________
tooth __________ mouse ________
goose _______ ox ________
basis ________ analysis ______
emphasis________ phenomenon _______
medium ______
(2)单复数同形的名词
sheep.....
(3)复合名词复数形式的三种构词方法
daughter-in-law, grown-up, woman doctor
(4)固定搭配中的复数形式
作准备____________ 握手____________
交友 ______________ 轮流____________
费尽力气_____________ 情绪高 ___________
向某人问候_______________ 修理________________
祝贺______________ 奥运会________________
(5)以复数形式固定出现的名词
slippers, glasses, arms, forces,trousers...
Ex: Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the nouns
1. There are two _______(box) of _______(match), three _________ (knife), four ______ (brush), five ______ (key), six_____ (photo), two ________(dictionary), seven __________(tomato), eight __________(glass), two ________ (radio), and three __________(toy bus) on that table.
2. Look at those _______ (wolf), _______(sheep), _______ (deer), ______ (fox), ________(monkey) and _________ (goose).
3. Who are they? They are _______ (hero). And they are all ________ (woman doctor).
4. The wagon is being pulled by ______(ox)
5. Three _______ (Swiss) are over there in front of a car.
III. 有关集合名词
1. 表示复数含义:police, cattle, clothes, people
2. 不可数名词: furniture, equipment
3. 根据上下文,既有单数含义也有复数含义
family, committee, crew, team, audience
E.g.
IV . 名词做定语
1. 一般单数名词作定语
school building summer holidays boy student a car key
billiard table pajamas top
2. 复数作定语
sports shoes a goods train a clothes brush a customs office
V . 名词的属格
1. 通常在名词后面加's
2. -s 或者-es 结尾的复数名词________
不规则名词的复数名词属格________
3. 作为一个整体的词组,一般放在最后一个词加's
4. 必须用's 属格的情况
1)表示一段时间
2)表示度量和货币价值
3)表示类别
student's book
4) 表示住所或者店铺
Ex:
1. I checked ___ car carefully, and found there was nothing wrong.
A. Johnson's and Ema's B. Johnson and Ema's
C. Johnson and Ema D. Johnson's and Ema
2. The Oriental TV Tower is one of the tourists attractions of Shanghai where one can get ________ of the metropolis.
A. a bird eye's view B. a bird-eye view
C. a bird's-eye view D. a view of a bird eye
3. A passenger came with ________, and each of them weighed more than twenty ____.
A. three luggages, kilograms B. three pieces of luggage, kilograms
C. three luggages, kilogram D. three pieces of luggages, kilogram
4.Mr Smith has two _______ , both of whom are teachers in a school.
A .brothers-in-law B .brother-in-laws
C .brothers-in-laws D .brothers-in law
5. ——How many ______ does a cow have? ——Four.
A .stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D .Stomachies
6.How far away is it from here to your school? It’s about ______ .
A .half an hour’s drive B .half hours drives
C .half an hour drives D .half an hour drive
7.The table is only ________ high.
A. two-foot B. two foot
C. two-feet D. two feet
8.My ________ all ________ hard for the people.
A. family; work B. family; works
C. families; work D. families; works
9.I told about some of the terrible ________ I had had in the war.
A. experience B. experiences
C. experiencing D. experienced things
10. His daughter is always shy in ________ and she never dares to make a speech to ________.
A. the public; the public B. public; the public
C. the public; public D. public; public
11. Dr. Jones ordered ________ for the laboratory.
A. two equipments B. two pieces of equipments
C. two pieces of equipment D. two equipment pieces
12. That' s________.
A. James and Charles father B. James and Charles's father
C. James's and Charles's father D. James's and Charles father
13. Each player must obey ________, who is the leader of the team.
A. captain B. a captain C. the captain D. captains
14. He dropped the ________ and broke it.
A. cup of coffee B. coffee’s cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup
15、The _______ of the building are covered with lots of .
A .roofs; leaves B.rooves; leafs C.roof; leaf D .roofs; leafs
16、My father often gives me ______ .
A .many advice B.much advice C.a lot of advices D.a few advice
17. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.
A. intention B. purpose C. attempt D. Desire
18. There are usually at least two ________ of looking at every question.
A. means B. directions C. views D. Ways
19. We have worked out the plan and now we must put it into ________.
A. fact B. reality C. practice D. Deed
20. She is young for the job, but on the other ________, she is well trained.
A. way B. situation C. chance D. hand
Translation:
1. 他经历了许多危险。
2. 他把积蓄存在银行里。
3. "the" 这个词占了三个空格。
4. 汤姆和玛丽的房间都朝东。
5. 你听了今天的新闻广播没有?一架飞机在圣保罗教堂附近坠毁。