大学英语听力新闻常用词汇

新闻常用词汇 conspire : to plan or plot secretly v. 阴谋策划

prominent : widely known; eminent a. 重要的；著名的

provisional : provided or serving only for the time being; temporary a. 临时的；暂时的 depose : to remove from office or power v. 废黜；免职

constituency : the body of voters represented by an elected legislator or official

n. 选区；选民

electorate: a body of qualified voters n. 全体选民

avert : to ward off (something about to happen); prevent v. 避免；防止

hail : to greet or acclaim enthusiastically v. 喝彩，欢呼

amnesty : a general pardon granted by a government, especially for political offenses

n. (尤指对反政府政治犯的) 特赦

run-off : a second round election between the two candidates who get most votes n.

（在得票数最多的二人中进行的）决胜选举，第二轮选举

by-election: a special election held between general elections to fill a vacancy, as for a

parliamentary seat n. 补缺选举，如在竞选议会席位时

turnout : the number of people gathered for a particular event or purpose; attendance n.

到会者，参加者

delegate: representative n. 代表 delegation n. 代表团

incumbent : currently holding a specified office a. 在职的，现任的

rig : to manipulate dishonestly for personal gain v. 操纵，舞弊

deport : to expel from a country v. 驱逐出境

expulsion : the act of expelling or the state of being expelled n. 驱逐

referendum : the submission of a proposed public measure or actual statute to a direct

popular vote n. 公民表决，全民投票

revoke : cancel; withdraw v. 取消，撤销

judiciary : the judicial branch of government n. 司法部

jurisdiction : the right and power to interpret and apply the law n. 司法权；裁判权 annul : to make or declare void or invalid, as a marriage or a law v. 取消，废除 inauguration : formal induction into office n. 就职典礼

endorse : to give approval of or support to v. 承认, 认可, 赞成

outcry : a loud cry, especially a strong protest or objection n. 大声疾呼；公开抗议 adjourn : to suspend proceedings to another time or place v. 延期, 休会

orchestrate : to arrange or control the elements of v. 组织或控制一些要素

oversee : to watch over and direct; supervise v. 看管，指导；监督

unprecedented : having no previous example a. 空前的；没有前例的

competent : properly or sufficiently qualified; capable a. 有能力的；能胜任的 consulate : the residence or official premises of a consul n. 领事馆

broker : to arrange or manage as a broker v. 作为中间人来安排、促成

convene : to cause to come together formally; convoke v. 使…正式集会；召集 convention : a formal meeting n. 会议；集会

allegation : something alleged; an assertion n. 宣称；断言

envoy : a representative of a government who is sent on a special diplomatic mission

外交使节, 特使

standoff : a tie or draw, as in a contest n. 和局, 平衡

stalemate: a situation in which further action is blocked; a deadlock n. 僵局 renounce : to give up, especially by formal announcement v. 正式放弃

boycott : to act together in abstaining from doing sth. v. 联合抵制

asylum : a place offering protection and safety; a shelter n. 避难所, 收容所

downplay : to minimize the significance of; play down v. 不予重视

municipal : of, relating to, or typical of a city a. 市政的, 市立的

provincial : of a province a. 省的

provoke : to stir to action or feeling v. 激起，挑起

reconcile : to reestablish a close relationship between v. 调和；调停

accountable : liable to being called to account; answerable a. 应负责的, 有责任的 brace : to prepare or position so as to be ready for impact or danger v. 准备

acquit : to free or clear from a charge or accusation v. 宣告无罪 n.

biannual : happening twice each year; semiannual a. 一年两次的；半年一次的 illicit : illegal; unlawful a. 违法的；违禁的

pending : not yet decided or settled a. 悬而未决的；即将到来的

impending: coming near a. 即将发生的；逼近的

escalate: to increase in intensity or extent v. 逐步升高, 逐步增强

faction: a group of people within a larger group n. 派别, 小集团

unanimous: sharing the same opinions or views a. 意见一致的, 无异议的

reign: to be predominant or prevalent v. 统治; 称王

fray: to strain or wear away v. 使紧张；擦；磨

preside: to hold the position of authority; act as chairperson or president v. 主持 coup: the takeover of power through political change n. 政变

mediator: one that mediates, especially one that reconciles differences between

disputants n. 调停人；斡旋人；中间人

defect: to abandon a position or an association, often to join an opposing group v. 变

节；背叛

stance: the attitude or position of a standing person n. 姿态；立场；态度

profile: degree of exposure to public notice n. 态度，姿态

consensus: an opinion or position reached by a group as a whole or by majority will n.

一致同意, 多数人的意见

counterpart: one that has the same functions and characteristics as another n. 对等的人 pact: a formal agreement, such as one between nations; a treaty n. 协定；条约；公约 penal: subject to punishment; legally punishable a. 刑罚的

immunity: exemption from normal legal duties, penalties, or liabilities, granted to a

special group of people n. 豁免权

breach: to break or violate v. 攻破，破坏或违反

propaganda: the preaching or spreading of views n. 宣传

bug: to equip with a concealed electronic listening device v. 装置窃听器

caretaker government: 过渡时期的政府

exempt: to free from an obligation, a duty, or a liability to which others are subject v.

豁免；免除

autonomy: the condition or quality of being autonomous; independence n. 自治

democracy: government by the people, exercised either directly or through elected

representatives n. 民主

noncompliance: failure or refusal to comply n. 不服从, 不顺从

annex: to incorporate (territory) into an existing political unit such as a country, state,

county, or city v. 合并，吞并 → annexation

detain : to keep in custody or temporary confinement v. 拘留；监禁

custody: the act of guarding, especially granted by a court n. 扣留；监禁；监护 prosecutor : one that initiates and carries out a legal action n. 起诉人；检举人 legitimate : lawful; legal a. 合法的；依法的

eligible : qualified a. 符合条件的, 合格的

attorney : lawyer; solicitor n. 律师, (业务或法律事务上的) 代理人

blackmail : extortion of money or something else of value from a person n. 勒索；敲诈 pledge : a promise to do something n. 保证, 誓言

regime : a form of government n. 政体, 政权

sovereignty : a territory existing as an independent state n. 君主, 主权

potential : capable of being but not yet in existence a. 潜在的n. 潜力

strategy : the science and art of using all the forces to execute approved plans as

effectively as possible n. 战略；策略 → strategic

deploy : to position (troops) in readiness for combat v. 部署

bar : to obstruct or impede; block v. 禁止, 阻挡

ban : to prohibit, especially by official decree v. 禁止 n. 禁令

neutral : Belonging to neither side in a controversy a. 中立的

veto: to prevent (a legislative bill) from becoming law v. n. 否决, 禁止

be sworn in: 宣誓就职

plunge : to cast suddenly, violently, or deeply into a given state or situation v. 陷入

to descend steeply; fall suddenly v. 突然地下降

impoverish : to reduce to poverty; make poor v. 使穷困；使赤贫

affiliate : to adopt or accept as a member, subordinate associate, or branch v. 接受为成

员、隶属伙伴或分支机构

curtail : to cut short v. 缩减, 减少

slash: to reduce or curtail drastically v. 大量地减少或削减

allay : to reduce the intensity of; relieve v. 减轻, 减少

monopoly : exclusive control by one group of the means of producing or selling a

commodity or service n. 垄断；独占

bailout : a rescue from financial difficulties n. 紧急援助(尤指经济上的援助)

traffic : (trafficked; trafficking) to carry on trade or other dealings v. 进行贸易或其它

交易

default : to fail to perform or pay v. 不履行责任, 拖欠; 不支付

austerity : severe and rigid economy n. 严厉, 朴素, 节俭, (经济的) 紧缩

stagnant: showing little or no sign of activity or advancement a. 不景气的和停滞的 recession: the act of withdrawing or going back n. 衰退, 不景气

cargo: the freight carried by a ship, an aircraft, or another vehicle n. (车、船、飞机等运

输的) 货物

deficit: the amount by which a sum of money falls short of the required or expected

amount n. 赤字，逆差

fiscal: of or relating to finance or finances a. 财政的

revenue : the income of a government from all sources appropriated for the payment of

the public expenses n. 国家的收入, 税收

impose : to establish or apply as compulsory; levy v. 征税, 强加

sanction : the penalty for noncompliance specified in a law or decree n. 制裁 patron : one that supports, protects, or champions someone or something n. 赞助人 sluggish: displaying little movement or activity; slow; inactive a. 缓慢的，经济不景气的 trade surplus: n. 贸易顺差 trade deficit

flea market n. 跳蚤市场

refund : to give back, especially money v. 退还, 偿还 n. 退款

retail : the sale of goods in small quantities directly to consumers n. 零售

wholesale : the sale of goods in large quantities n. 批发

bilateral : having or formed of two sides; two-sided a. 两边的；双方的

unilateral 单边的 trilateral 三边的

smuggle : to import or export without paying lawful customs charges or duties v. 走私 inflation : a persistent increase in the level of consumer prices or a persistent decline in

the purchasing power of money n. 通货膨胀

insurgent: rising in revolt against government; rebellious a. 叛乱的 n. 叛乱分子 militant : having a combative character; aggressive a. 好战的 n. 好战分子

militia : an army composed of ordinary citizens rather than professional soldiers n. 民兵 machete : a large, heavy knife with a broad blade, used as a weapon n. 大砍刀 ambush : the act of lying in wait to attack by surprise n. 埋伏；伏击

repulse : to drive back; repel v. 击退；驱逐

dislodge: to remove or force out from a position v. 驱逐; 赶走

evict: to force out; eject v. 驱逐；赶出

barricade : to close off or block with an obstacle v. 封锁，设路障

hideout : a place of shelter or concealment n. 隐藏之处，藏身之处

avenge : to inflict a punishment or penalty in return for; revenge v. 为... 报复, 报仇 retaliate : to return like for like, especially evil for evil v. 报复

deter : to prevent or discourage from acting v. 阻拦；威慑

warhead : a part of the armament system in the forward part of a projectile, such as a

guided missile, rocket n. 弹头

simulation : imitation or representation, as in experimental testing n. 模拟

drone : a pilotless aircraft operated by remote control n. 无人驾驶飞机

mob : a large disorderly crowd n. 暴徒, (盗贼等的) 一群

siege : the surrounding of a place attempting to capture it n. 包围；围困

besiege: to crowd around or surround v. 包围；围攻

mount : to prepare and set in motion v. 发动，准备

jeopardize : to expose to loss or injury v. 危害

maritime : of, relating to, or adjacent to the sea a. 海上的, 海事的

naval : of or relating to a navy a. 海军的；军舰的

defuse : to make less dangerous, tense, or hostile v. 使缓和；减少危险

mortar: a portable cannon used to fire shells at low velocities, short ranges, and high

trajectories n. 迫击炮

deter: to prevent or discourage from acting by means of fear or doubt v. 使不敢；阻止 warlord: a military commander exercising civil power in a region n. 军阀，督军 demobilize: to discharge from military service or use v. 遣散；（使）复员

grenade: a missile containing priming and bursting charges, designed to be thrown by

hand or deployed by a specially equipped launcher n. 手榴弹, 榴弹

arsenal : a stock of weapons n. 武器库; 兵工厂

ammunition: all projectiles, such as bullets and shot that can be fired from guns or

otherwise propelled n. 军火；弹药

cessation: a bringing or coming to an end; a ceasing n. 停止；中止

assailant: a person who attacks another n. 攻击者

ram: to strike or drive against with a heavy impact v. 猛击, 撞

convoy: an accompanying and protecting force, as of ships or troops n. 护航舰队或部队 sabotage: to commit destruction against v. 破坏；故意损毁

dismantle: to take apart; disassemble; tear down v. 拆除；拆开，分解

slam: to hit or strike with great force v. 猛力打击，碰撞

detonate : to cause to explode v. 引爆

bombard: to attack with bombs v. 炮轰；轰击 bombardment

embattle: to prepare for battle v. 列阵, 布阵, 严阵以待

dispatch: the act of sending off n. 派遣

massacre : the act of killing a large number of people indiscriminately and cruelly n. 残

杀, 大屠杀

truce : a temporary cessation of hostilities by agreement of the opposing sides n. 停战 assassination : the act of murdering (a prominent person) by surprise attack n. 暗杀

casualty : one injured or killed in an accident n. 伤亡

death toll: n. 死亡人数

contagious : transmissible by direct or indirect contact a. 传染性的, 会感染的

vaccination : inoculation with a vaccine in order to protect against a particular disease

n. 接种疫苗

strand : to bring into a difficult or helpless position v. 使陷于困境；搁浅；滞留

condolence : sympathy with a person who has experienced pain, grief, or misfortune n

哀悼；慰问

appalling: causing dismay; frightful a. 令人震惊的, 骇人听闻的

catastrophe : disaster n. 大灾难, 大祸

devastate : to lay waste; destroy v. 毁灭；摧毁

jeopardy : risk of loss; danger n. 危险 jeopardize v.

tsunami : a very large ocean wave caused by an underwater earthquake or volcanic

eruption n. 海啸

avalanche : a fall or slide of a large mass of snow down a mountainside n. 雪崩 landslide: the downward sliding of a relatively dry mass of earth and rock n. 山崩；塌

方

mudslide: a mudflow, especially a slow-moving one n. 泥流

hurricane : a severe tropical cyclone originating in the equatorial regions of the Atlantic

Ocean or Caribbean Sea, traveling north, northwest, or northeast from its

point of origin, and usually involving heavy rains n. 飓风，强热带风暴

typhoon : a tropical cyclone occurring in the western Pacific or Indian oceans n.台风 tornado : a rotating column of air usually accompanied by downward extension of a

cumulonimbus cloud and having a vortex several hundred yards in diameter whirling destructively at speeds of up to 500 miles (800 kilometers) per hour n. 龙卷风

cyclone : an atmospheric system characterized by the rapid, inward circulation of air

masses about a low-pressure center, usually accompanied by stormy, often

destructive, weather n. 旋风；飓风；气旋

derail : to run or cause to run off the rails v. 出轨；脱轨

engulf : to swallow up or overwhelm by v. 席卷；吞没

meteorology : the science that deals with the phenomena of the atmosphere, especially

weather and weather conditions n. 气象学

inundation : flood n. 洪水, 泛滥; 水灾

commemorate : to honor the memory of with a ceremony v. 纪念

overflow : something that flows over n. 泛滥

epicenter: the focus of an earthquake n. 震中, 中心

mishap: an unfortunate accident; bad luck n. 灾祸；不幸

seismology: the geophysical science of earthquakes and the mechanical properties of

the earth n. 地震学

ram: to strike or drive against with a heavy impact v. 猛击，撞击

dormant: lying asleep or as if asleep; inactive a. 蛰伏的；休止的；潜伏的

magnitude: greatness in size or extent n. 大小, 数量, 量级

perish: to die or be destroyed v. 毁灭, 死亡

incessant: continuing without interruption a. 不断的；不停的

capsize: to overturn or cause to overturn v. （船等）倾覆

shield: to protect or defend with or as if with a shield; guard v. 保护, 防护 polio: (poliomyelitis) n. 脊髓灰质炎, 小儿麻痹症

pneumonia : n. 肺炎

communicable: transmittable between persons or species; contagious a. 可传达的, 会

传染的

debris: the scattered remains of something broken or destroyed; wreckage n. 残骸；废

墟

paralyze: to make unable to move or act v. 使麻痹；使瘫痪

symptom : a characteristic sign or indication of the existence of something else n. 症状

secular : not specifically relating to religion a. 世俗的，非宗教的不与宗教有关的 lay: secular; not religious a. 世俗的，非神职的

sectarian : of, relating to, or characteristic of a sect a. 与宗派有关的

cleric : a member of the clergy n. 牧师, 传教士

missionary: one who is sent on a mission, especially to do religious work n. 传教士 synagogue : a building or place of meeting for worship and religious instruction in the

Jewish faith n. 犹太教会堂

shrine: a place at which devotion is paid to a venerated person n. 神殿, 神祠, 圣地 Pope : the bishop of Rome and head of the Roman Catholic Church on earth n. 罗马教皇 cardinal: a high church official, ranking just below the pope n. 〈天主教〉红衣主教 orthodox: adhering to the accepted or traditional and established faith, especially in

religion a. 正统的

preach : to give religious or moral instruction v. 传教；宣讲（宗教的主题） Catholic: a. 天主教的 n. 天主教徒 –-- Catholicism n. 天主教

Christian: a. 基督教的 n. 基督徒 ---- Christianity n. 基督教

Muslim : n. 伊斯兰教徒；穆斯林 ---- Islam n. 伊斯兰教 ---- Islamic a. 伊斯兰教的 pilgrim : a religious devotee who journeys to a shrine or sacred place n. 朝圣者；香客