初二语法:宾语从句
1. 在一个主句后面充当一个宾语，是名词性从句的一种。 2. 宾语从句由三种： (1) 当宾语从句是一个陈述句时： Kate was good at cartooning. He was not good at sports.用that连接。 He said (that) Kate was good at cartooning. He said (that) he was not good at sports. that 在这两个句子种可以省略，因本身无意义，不从当宾语从句中的任何成分。 (2) 当宾语从句是一个一般疑问句时： Had Miss Gao arrived yet? 用whether/ if 连接。 He asked me if / whether Miss Gao had arrived yet. (3) 当宾语从句是一个特殊疑问句时： When will you start off? 连接词是when，句子的语序要用陈述句语序。 I don’t know when you will start off. (4) 宾语从句的否定转移，当主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等，而主句的主语又是第一 人称时，后接宾语从句的否定词要前移到主句的谓语中。 He thinks he will not come with you. He doesn’t think he will come with you. 3. 宾语从句的注意事项： （1）主句与从句的时态一致问题。 A．当主句是现在的时态时，（ 包括： 现在一般时，现在完成时，现在进行时），从句的时态可 根据实际情况而定。 a. I remember he gave me a book yesterday. b. I have told him that I am going to Shanghai. B．当主句是过去时态时，（过去一般时，过去进行时）从句的时态要用过去时态，（ 过去一般 时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。 a. He told me that he would take part in the high jump. b. He wondered if I had taken his wallet. C．当宾语从句表示客观事实或真理时，即使主句是过去时，也要用一般现在时态。 a. My teacher told me that the earth goes round the sun. b. He said Yao Ming is one of the tallest basketball players. （2）宾语从句的语序问题。 a. 当句子用what或who 作主语时，在做从句时，语序不变。例如： What is happening? My mother asked what was happening. b. 当从句是特殊疑问句时，Where does he live? 在复合句中，要恢复陈述句语序。 I want to know where he lives. （3）宾语从句的引导词问题。例题： a. ---Could you tell me ________ the school is? ---Walk along this street, and then turn left at the first crossing. It is just opposite the post office. A. how big B. what C. where D. how 应当选C。 b. --- Who knows _______ the moon is? ---The satellite going around the earth. A. where B. how C. what D. how far 应当选C。二、宾语从句专练 (1) 单项选择 1. ---Would you please tell him about it if he ______ here? ---Sure. As soon as he ___________. A. come, come B. comes, comes C. will come, will come D. comes, will come 2. --- _________________________? --- She may be a driver. A. What do you think is Miss Li B. What do you think Miss Li may be C. What do you think may Miss Li be D. What may you think is Miss Li 3. ---I don’t know if he ______ to Kate’s birthday party. ---He is sure to go if he ___________. A. goes, knows B. will go, knows C. goes, will know D. go, know 4. I don’t know _________ my sister loves the MP3 ____ not. A. if, but B. whether, but C. if, or D. whether, or 5. I wanted to know ___________________________. A. why she went to bed late B. what did he say C. why does she go to bed late D. why she goes to bed late 6. I’d like to know _______________________. A. when will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English Evening 7. ---Do you know when the teacher ______ back tomorrow? ---Sorry, I don’t know, if he _________ back, I will tell you at once. A. comes, comes B. comes, will come C. will come, comes D. will come, will come 8. ---What did you parrot say, Bill? ---It asked us_______________________. A. what is the weather like today B. how the weather is like today C. what the weather is like today D. what did the weather like today 9. He is told that the trip _______________ if it rains. A. would be cancelled B. will delay C. has been cancelled D. had been delayed 10. He is thinking ________________________. A. if he was going to Alaska tomorrow B. whether he will go to Alaska tomorrow C. how long he has gone to Alaska D. where is he going (2) 根据中文完成句子。 1. He meant _______________________________. ( 他不太擅长做饭) 2. Are you sure ___________________________? ( 电影已经开始上演了) 3. She remembered ____________________. ( 在北京所发生的一切) 4. I’d like to say ____________________________. ( 我会想念你的) 5. It is said that ______________________________. ( 13名乘客失踪)答案： (1) 单项选择 1. B. 2. B 3. B 4.D 5. A 6. D. 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. B (2) 根据中文完成句子。 1. He meant he wasn’t good at cooking. (他不太擅长做饭) 2. Are you sure that the movie has been on? (电影已经开始上演了) 3. She remembered what had happened in Beijing. (在北京所发生的一切) 4. I’d like to say I will miss you. (我会想念你的) 5. It is said that thirteen passengers are missing. ( 13名乘客失踪)