初中英语初二一般现在时一般过去时

第七讲一般现在时/一般过去时

【学习目标】

对初一，初二所学过的几种时态进行系统复习，并通过反复地讲解和练习，对每种时态可以做到灵活运用。本讲重点讲解一般现在时和一般过去时。

【知识要点】

一般现在时

一.一般现在时使用情境:

1.经常发生或反复发生的动作或是习惯。

e.g I like making snowmen in winter.

Do you often wash your hair?

2.永恒的真理。

e.g The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

A timely snow promises a good harvest.

3.条件状语从句中从句一般现在时表将来。

例如：if it doesn’t rain tomorrow ,our school will hold a sports meeting.

二一般现在时的标志词：

always. usually. often. sometimes. every day. every week…

e.g He always goes to bed at ten at night.

She often gets up late on Sundays.

三谓语构成：

1.当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加-s或-es

例如：she takes a subway to go to work on weekdays.

动词的单三形式变化规则:

2. 当主语是其他人称时，谓语动词要用原形。

You always help me and I feel grateful to you .

一般过去时的构成及用法

一、定义：

表示在过去的某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。

1）I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在动物园。

2）I went to bed at eleven last night . 昨晚我11：00睡觉。

2．表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

1）When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我在小的时候，我经常在街道上踢足球。

2）My father often drove to work last year. 去年，我爸爸经常开车上班。

二、句子结构

1．在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过式was，were构成。

如：（1）I was at home yesterday. 昨天我在家。

2．在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。

如：I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。

规则变化：

(1) 在词尾加ed 或d

英语中大部分动词过去式都是规则变化的，即在动词后加上ed；如果结尾字母是不发音的e，则只要加上一个d就行了。例如：

work-worked clean-cleaned play-played

decide-decided live-lived love-loved

(2) 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed

study-studied hurry-hurried carry-carried

(3) 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母再加ed

stop-stopped drop-dropped wag-wagged

2.不规则变化的动词过去式

不规则变化是指过去式不能加ed，用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规则过去式也有很多，只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如：

is/am-was are-were have/has-had

shall-should will-would can-could

may- might go-went come-came

take-took sit-sat say-said get-got swim-swam run-ran write-wrote sing-sang tell-told

speak-spoke begin-began break-broke

【经典练习】

一、用实义动词的正确形式填空

1. We ____________(clean)his classroom last night.

2. I _________(do)my homework yesterday.

3. They___________(visit)their hometown last month.

4. Lucy__________ the day before yesterday. （get sick ）

5. Lily___________(know)this question last time.

6. You___________(fly)a kite three days ago.

7. What time ______ Mary usually ______ (play) basketball ?

8. The weather ______ (be ) windy today.

9. Where ______ his parents ______ (work) now, do you know?

10. Who ______ (teach) you English in your school?

11. My classmate ______ (know) the man on the bike.

12. Lin Tao ______ (like) his new sweater.

13. He ______ ________(not know) the teacher’s name.

选择题

1【2012天津】38. I have been to Shanghai. I ____________ there last month.

A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go

2【2012天津】40. The cloth ___________ very soft and comfortable.

A. smells B. tastes C. feels D. sounds

3【2012四川宜宾】29. My grandma ______ us stories when I was young.

A. was used to tell B. is used to telling

C. used to tell D. used to telling 来源:*中国教育出版@#&网中国#~教育出版@%网

4【2012绵阳市】15. We make it a rule that each of us________ the bedroom one day a week.

A. has cleaned B. have cleaned C. cleans D. clean

5【2012四川凉山】( ) 33. —When will your aunt leave for Shanghai? 来源&#%:中^*教网

—I don’t know, but I’ll call you as soon as she____. .

A. leaves B. will leave C. left 来~*源中国教育%&出版网

6【2012四川达州】27. —Peter has changed a lot, hasn’t he?

—Yes. He used to the guitar, but now he is more in playing soccer.

A. plays; interested B. play; interested

C. play; interesting D. playing; interest

7【 2012四川成都】39. —Hey, Tony. You look tired today.

—I until 12 o’clock last night for the math test.

A. woke up B. stayed up C. grew up

8【 2012四川成都】37. Parents often ask their kids their internet friends because the

kids may be in danger.

A. to meet B. not to meet C. meeting 来源^:中~#&教网

9【2012 烟台中考】24. The smile on Mother’s face suggested she_____.

A. was glad B. was surprised C. is pleased D. was annoyed

[[email protected].&%com*#]10【2012 烟台中考】25. The woman _____ all of her money to charities_____ the poor.

A. gave off, to help B. gave up, helping

C. gave away, to help D. gave, helping

11．Girl students in some schools are not allowed________ long hair． 来#*源~:&中教网

A．having B．have C．had D．to have 来源&:中教网@*#^]

12【2012山东泰安】33. Don’t ________ so often. It’s bad for your health.

A. get up B. stay up C. look up D. come up

13．一Guess what! I saw Sally in London．

一Really? I ________ she was in New York．

A．think B．was thinking C．thought D．am thinking

14【2012 山东临沂】27. China plans to let tourists _____ the Xisha islands in the south China Sea this year.

A. visit B. visits C. visiting D. visited 中国教育^#出&版网%]

15【2012山东济南】53. Kevin will give less homework to his students if he ______ a teacher.

A. becomes B. become C. became D. becoming

16【2012湖北襄阳】39. —It’s difficult for village children to cross the river to school. —I think a bridge _____over the river.

A. should be built B. will build C. is built D. was built

17【2012江苏徐州】9. I know a little about Thailand, as I there three years ago. 来源#:zzst*ep.~com@^]

A. have been B. have gone C. will go D. went

18. We all know that the earth _____ round the sun.

A. goes B. went C. is going D. will go

19. Xiao Li usually _____ to school by bike last year.

A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going

【课后作业】

Life in the future will be different from life today. Between then and now many changes will happen. But what will the changes be?

The population (人口) is growing fast. There will be many people in the world and most of them will live longer than people live now.

Computers will be much smaller and more useful, and there will be at least (至少) one in every room. And computer studies will be one of the important subjects in schools then. People will work fewer hours than they do now and they will have more free time for sports,

watching TV and travel. Traveling will be much cheaper and easier. And many more people will go to other countries for holidays.

There will be changes in our food, too. More land will be used for building new towns and houses for all the people. Then there will be less room for cows and sheep, so meat will be more expensive. Maybe no one will eat it every day. Instead they will eat more fruit and vegetables. Maybe people will be healthier. Work in the future will be different, too. Robots will do dangerous and hard work. Because of this, many people will not have enough work to do. This will be a problem.

( )1.In the future there will be _______.

A. much more fruit B. more people C. less vegetables D less people

( )2.Every family will have at least a _____________ in the future.

A. robot B. cow C. TV set D. computer

( )3. In the future people don’t have to __________________

A. work long hours B. work fast C. walk on foot D. eat meat

( )4.People may not eat _________ as much as they do today.

A. fruit B. fish C. meat D. rice

( )5. One big problem in the future is that ___________.

A. many people don’t have to work

B. many people will not be able to find work

C. people have to work fast

D. all the work will be done by robot

Jim is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. Jim comes here to study.

He is in No. 5 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He isn’t late for school. He studies hard. He can read and write English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We are glad to stay with him. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house, mend something or do the shopping. He likes Chinese food very much.

He likes living here. He likes Chinese students very much. We all like him , too. 根据短文内容，判断以下句子的正误。对的在括号内填A, 错的填B

( )6. He gets up late every day.

( )7. He often teaches us English.

( )8. After class , he likes singing and playing basketball.

( )9. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house.

( )10. He doesn’t like Chinese food.