电化学原理_第三版_李荻_课后答案
1K
F K KCl V i E V i K H 2O V H K H 2O .0101
142.31061cm 20. 0288cm s
550. 62
V K 0. 0050cm s V Cl 0. 0051cm s 1 3,
H 2
O , KOH , HCl , KCl cm 2eq 1, c
42c H c O H , , t t
1, 1,Na 1.00476.3315.5101cm 11, Cl t Cl , KCl cm 2mol (KCl
,Cl ,K 73.49cm 2mol
, K 50.141cm 2mol , Cl cm 2mol 1(NaCl12
KCl
3
5NaCl , Cl 142. 82cm 2mol , Na a 126. 45cm 2mol 1 , Cl u o , i , C l /F , u o , C l 7. 91104cm m /o , K c Cu 2=y
10cm 2/vs , , N a 5. 2010cm 2/vs Cu(OH)2== Cu2++2OH-, c OH S =4y3y=1.3610-4mol/dm3u=u i =KH2O+10-3[y2++2y-]
Ks=4y3=1.006
610-11 (mol/dm3) 3 AgIO 3==Ag +IO 3
Ag =y c IO =y3K S =y2K= K i =K H 2O +10y +y 3 =K H 2O +10y 3AgIO 3
7, HCl 31. 74104mol /L ; =390.7
_K S = y2=3.03108(mol /L ) 2 , HAc , HAc =+, NaAc -, NaCl cm 2eq 1=9.021cm 2eq /
8=0.023K =2/(1) V =1.6910 0. 79V l il il [1**********]3
IR=iS=, K=, IR==KS K 10001260. 5
log =-0.5115|Z ||Z |25C 9
11210 =0.9740=0.9101 3 1I=241m i z i ,I=22c i z i 2m =m m =0.6487=0.8114 0.2090. 4=1.08
a H =m H pH=-loga H =-log1
Sb 2O 36H 6e 2Sb 3H 2O 3H 26H 6e Sb 2O 33H 22Sb 3H 2O
2H 2O E E 02 2C Sn 2C Fe 30.05910.001(0.01)2log =0.771-0.15+=0.6505V 2220.01(0.001)C Sn 4C Fe 2
Ag
E E 0Ag (0.1m ) e a Ag (1m ) a Ag (0.1m )
0.4V Ag (1m ) e E 00.1m AgNO 3 Ag Ag (1m ) Ag (0.1m ) 1m AgNO 3
30.72V E 2.3RT 10.4log F 0.10.720.044V Hg |Hg 2Cl 2(s ), KCl (m ) |Cl 2(P Cl 2), Pt
2Hg Cl Hg 2Cl 22e Cl 22e 2Cl
2Hg Cl 2Hg 2Cl 2
©right&
2P Cl 2a Hg a Hg 2Cl 2 E E E 0E 000E 1.35950.26811.0914V (25O C) a Cl E E
Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HCl (a H 00a Cl E 41) AgNO 3(m ) Ag 2Ag
2.3RT log(m Ag F )
Ag Ag H 2E 2H 2e 2Ag 0Ag Ag 2e E H 22Ag 2H 2A g Hg |Hg 2Cl 2(s ), KCl (
:Pt , H 2
(1atm ) |0
Pb Pb 2) AgNO 3(m ) Ag E 2.3RT log(m Ag F , ) E 2.3RT log(2F
:Pt , H 2(1atm ) |0
Fe 3H Fe 2+ E 2.3RT log(F
5Zn ZnSO 4(m ), Pb PbCl 2(s ), 6Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HCl (0 2.3RT log a Cl F E
70.22240.0591log(0.790.1) 0.2876V E a
a 2.3RT 1log " F a Cl 2.3RT 1log ' F a Cl a Cl ) a ' a Cl 2.3RT log " F a Cl a " =0.01ma ' =0.1m a Cl ) 0.10.780.078,(a
) 0.010.9040.00904,(a E b
E b 2E a (2t
E a 1) 2.3RT log(F ) (20.3891) 0.0591log 0.046V E b E a 0.01V 0.0780.009040.0123V 0.0591V , E b
8
Pt , H 2(1atm ) |HI (a 1) |I 2(s ), Pt
H 2
E E E 00, 0
E 02H 2e I 22e E 02I E 0 H 2I 22H I (3525) 0.5333V 2.3RT log(a HI ) 22F 0.53460.1310nFE 0K RT ln K ln K
E 2965000.533340.19102.9kJ K
K 2.861017 5.35108 00
Hg 2Cl 22e 51.5kJ 9 H 22H 2e , 2Hg Cl , H 2Hg 2Cl 22Hg 2Cl 2H
a Cl e
AgCl e 2Cl 2e Hg Cl Ag 2Cl 2AgCl Hg Ag Cl
nFE nFT
Zn 965000.04554.391kJ mol 1965002980.338105.329kJ mol 12nFT 1965002980.33810332.617J mol K Cu Zn Cu 2Cu Zn 2 Zn 22e Cu 22e
Qp nFE nFT
2965001.101296500
189.8kJ mol
E 0nFT 277.2J mol K a Cu 21K Cu 2F 0
0nFE E ,log K Cu 203RT ln K 02e 10a Zn 221.10137.262.3RT 0.00581Cu 0207.951037e 2Cu 0
000.337V 000.520V F 0.33720.5200.154V
22H 2O (g ) 2p H O 22p H 2p O 2V
2022a H log p H 2O ) 0.544) 2log 76021.16V E 21.160.061.22V
Zn 2Cu 2H
Zn 20Zn 2
Cu 2Cu 2a Zn 2a Cu 20.39) V 0.41) 0.27V 0.30V
Zn
H 2.3RT log a H F 0.0591(5) Cu H 2
Zn
0.83
C Cu 2i a Cu 2400log
a Cu 2402(0.830.337) 0.059139.49a Cu 23.24103.24100.41Pb 7.9102e mol L 2F PbF 2Pb 2F PbF 22e Pb 2Pb 2
00log Ks Ks 00) 0.35020.1263) Zn 22e Hg 2Cl 2
2e 2Hg 2Cl 7.58Hg 2Cl 2Ks Zn 2.63102Hg 2Cl Zn Zn 2
E b ,1
a t 2F 20.7044,1
t
H t HCl 0.704483.859.03c m 2eq Cl (1t ) HCl 24.771cm 2eq
a a A b b B 1902.3RT mpH nF
0.0591141.33pH 6
0a a A b b B a Cr O 2223a Cr 30.2681log a HCdO
pH 1.330.138pH 0.00985log a Cr O 223a 2Cr 3 0.05912log a Cl 220.26810.0591log a Cl lo g a HCdO log a OH log K log a Cd OH pH log a OH log a H 2O 2log K log K 214log a OH 14log a HCdO
pH 7.68
3H
1068.7Fe 2pH 3H 2O 14.53Fe OH 2Fe OH e a i
Zn 22e
2Zn 2H Zn 2
Zn OH
2H
2e 2e 20.94V 2H 2O pH 11.892pH 2pH 0.7630.0295log a Zn 210.96log a Zn 229.78log a Zn 2Zn OH 2ZnO 22H 2Zn n OH ZnO nO 22Zn 2H 2Zn 2H 20.4370.0591pH 0.440.118pH 0.0296log a ZnO 224H 0.2630.118pH
1.5V
Zn
1.0V 8.48pH 11.89 1.00.5pH 11.89
0.0a
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5 0
2468101214
1E d
d q 0r :08.851012, E 2105108.8510405.6108V m 2V
0.4130.392
0.20.4q C C
q 36-0.2~-0.40.13J
mV 0.13C m 24.79cm 2C 0.63q
Cl
Cd Cd Cl
q
q 0
5
7 Cd dq
d
2323q 1b
q 2121b 2b b b
q 1q 2
2
213
b
;
b
q 2
b , C 1b 22
3
q 1
q 2
q
1
b C
8
q c
0.0591
0.222c c
0.0010.1q c Z
ShZ
Z q 2.64810
0.001mol L Sh
1
q 2.64810
1
37.764
2.3log 75.54.325
37.764c
ln 0.1038V 0.37V
0.222V
0.1mol L Cd ~
9
NaCl
NaCl
~0.27V
Cl
Cl
10
1
Cu 2
H
e
2e Cu
1H 22
c
T T
25o C 25o C
a Cu 2
c
0.13V
0.130
0.23
a
2.3RT
log a H
F
23
00.0591log 20.1300.28V
0.28V
2H
2e
H 2
log a H
6.5
c
H ,
0.0591log a H
1.230.846V
Zn 2
,
2e Zn Zn
H
2
Zn 2
2e
0.817V
a Zn 2
2H
2e
0.10.15V 1.135
0.318V
5
j 1j 2j 1nFv 1
nfKc j 2nFv 2
nFKc 81%
1
11
0.193j 20.193j 118.62
6
j
j 193m 2
nFv 296500110
193m 2
j nFv
2965000.2548250m 2
j
j
7
j
j
193m 2
j
j j
[1**********]57m 2
v 1
Kc
v 2
Kc W 1
v 2v 1
v 2W
21000
v 1
W 1W 2RT ln v 2v 1
ln1038.3129817106J mol
17106J mol
8
0m Zn 2
0.3310.7V 0.77
a
j d 1
34
j d 3c 0
j d 1j d 2
3
j d
nFD
5Cd 2
j c
0.5
0.0462
t Cd 2
j c
12
5
j nFD dc dx
x 2965000.510log 810
0.077cm 2
1.94
1
j j d
0.0115
c s
c 0
20.01150.023mol L
102s
s c O 0c O
j d
nFD
8.67102mol L
c 0
0.12
4
9
3
0.2895cm 2
0.0591213
0.132V
j
0.2cm 2
0.142V
10
j
0s
96500610
5
710
2
0.405
A cm 2
1.29102cm
c s
c 0
1101
log 1
0.1mol L
2
0.7
14
j a
j 0
j a
j 024
3
NaCN Zn CN
j 1
4
(
W j 0
)
Ni 2
2e
Ni Tafel
j c
j 0j 2100.040.424V
2
a Cu 2
a Cu 2
0.116mol L 0.3448V 0.06mol L
j 0log j 0
j c log 10
9
log j c
0.473
j c
2.97cm 2
7
c
j
j 2.3RT j
log 0
j c F log j 0
9
0.94
log j c
15
8.99
j c
9.8108cm 2
j c
8
j
j c
j 0
TAFEL
c
j d j d
j
j a
0.0591log1log 100.532V E
V j
0.832V
V E
IR 1.7650.8320.5320.40.001V
j 0
a
12.83cm 2
a
j 0j 0j
TAFEL
10
log j
1.185V a 1.185V
0.20
tg
b tg log j 0
a b
0.289
2.3RT bF j 07.941052
1
H
2.3RT
log a H
F
0.0581log 0.520.154
16
0.4790.432V 0.154
log j
2
H
j
j 0.016cm 2
H
H
c H H
ln c H 3
30.128V
pH 5pH 0.128V
pH
3
pH
pH
5
H
e
1H 22
c 25O C
3
j 1510
cm 22.3RT F
5103
log 10
4
0.201V
s s
a OH a H
s a H 2O
0.5
B
FKc OH j B
j 5
j
B
b
4.6RT 3F
j TAFEL
25O C b 0.118V
j 0
3.3910cm 2
log j 0
a b
c
0.7
5.47
0.128a H a b log j 0.375V
17