江苏沙钢集团盈利能力及其影响因素分析
江苏沙钢集团盈利能力及其影响因素分析
摘要
盈利能力分析是企业财务分析的关键组成部分，也是我们了解企业盈利的关键渠道。通过盈利能力分析，了解企业盈利能力，分析影响其盈利能力的因素，对于更好地制定策略改进企业盈利至关重要。考虑到钢铁行业在经济新常态下的发展变动性较大，在新常态下钢铁企业竞争压力增强而制约企业盈利，在这个环境下我们就需要特别关注沙钢等钢铁企业盈利能力，并结合新常态下的新环境，设计盈利改进方案。
本文研究结合所学理论，系统地阐述企业盈利能力的内涵、评价方式以及一般影响因素。在阐述企业盈利能力的内涵及其影响因素等相关理论后，结合江苏沙钢集团的真实案例，沿着提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的思路，对该企业盈利进行系统评价和分析。研究中以江苏沙钢集团为例，结合相关理论与企业财务数据、财务指标，在对比中评价企业当前盈利能力，明确其盈利能力优劣。通过对该企业利润表、盈利指标的整理，加上企业与行业对比分析，得出企业盈利能力的平价结论，进而由此提出企业盈利虽然在业内有一定优势，但是其发展中优势下降较为显著的现实问题。针对这个问题，分析问题成因，从盈利获取及影响盈利的不同层面加以分析，整理得出企业的成本控制、自主创新能力、市场销售以及战略管理等角度分析其盈利不足，并且在新常态下，特殊的竞争环境与发展环境，也是的企业盈利面临一些新的问题。针对阻碍企业盈利能力改善的因素，在系统阐述新常态下钢铁行业竞争格局以及沙钢集团盈利的内部环境后，设计解决方案，希望可以顺应企业发展环境，从开展绿色经营战略，抓住新的经济增长点提升企业自主创新能力，把控全局强化成本控制，顺应市场调整销售方面等角度，制定出可行的盈利能力改进方案。
通过全文分析，最终得出：经济新常态背景下，江苏沙钢为代表的钢铁行业上市公司盈利环境变动显著，即便是江苏沙钢这样在业内处于领先水平的企业，盈利能力方面也出现了一定下降趋势。企业盈利下降的问题形成原因复杂，要想在新常态下保持优势、改善盈利，企业势必需要对其发展内外部环境进行更加系统地分析，并且抓住问题关键，降低成本并提升效益，改善盈利。
关键词 盈利能力；指标分析；影响因素
Profitability and its influencing factors analysis of
Jiangsu Shagang Group
Abstract
The profitability analysis is one of the important parts of financial analysis, and it is the may way for us to understanding of the Corporate earnings and analysis the effect factors to make the improvement strategy.Considering the steel industry in the development of the economy under the new normal volatility is larger, iron and steel enterprise competition pressure increase under the new normal and restricted corporate profits, in this environment we need to pay special attention to shagang steel companies such as profitability, and combined with the new environment, under the new normal profit improvement scheme design.
This study combined with the theory of the profitability and the case of Shagang, and followed with the way of the problem develop to analysis the problems and the reasons within the company that limited the profitability. Then combined with the data and the indicators to analysis the profitability of Shagang, to analysis and evaluate the pros and the cons within the profitability of this company. Then combined with the income statement and the profit index, based on the environment analysis and the induatry contrast, to analysis the problems within Shagang profit management. Then analysis the reasons that limited the profitability including the cost control, independent innovation ability, market sales and strategic management. Finally, make the countermeasures in order to promote the profitability of the company, including make the green management strategy, seize the new economic growth point to promote enterprise independent innovation ability, control the global strengthen cost and adjust sales market based on the environment.
Through the study we can summary, based on the new normal, the profitability of Shagang has been changed within the develop of the environment. Though the company has a leading level in the industry, the profitability of the company has beed falling and need to be cared. The reasons of the ptofitability fall much complex and the company need to be solve the key problem and to reduce the costs and improve the efficiency, then to promote the profitability.
KEY WORDS: Profitability; Analysis of indicators; Affect factors
目录
摘要.......................................................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... II 目录........................................................................................................................................................ I II
第1章 绪论 . ........................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1研究背景及意义 . ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.2文献综述 . ................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1国外研究综述 . ................................................................................................................ 1
1.2.2国内文献综述 . ................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.3文献述评 . ........................................................................................................................ 2
1.3研究框架及方法 . ....................................................................................................................... 2
1.4可能的创新之处 . ....................................................................................................................... 3
第2章 盈利能力及影响因素概述 . ....................................................................................................... 4
2.1盈利能力及其评价指标 . ........................................................................................................... 4
2.2企业盈利能力的影响因素 . ....................................................................................................... 4
2.2.1 国家政策 . ....................................................................................................................... 4
2.2.2 企业销售活动 . ............................................................................................................... 4
2.2.3 利润构成 . ....................................................................................................................... 5
第3章 江苏沙钢集团盈利能力现状 . ................................................................................................... 6
3.1企业介绍 . ................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2企业盈利能力评价 . ................................................................................................................... 6
3.2.1基本盈利指标 . ................................................................................................................ 7
3.2.2杜邦分析 . ........................................................................................................................ 8
3.3江苏沙钢盈利能力的优劣 . ....................................................................................................... 9
3.3.1企业自身盈利能力改善趋势明显 ................................................................................. 9
3.3.2在行业内企业盈利能力水平不高 ................................................................................. 9
第4章 影响江苏沙钢集团盈利能力的因素分析 .............................................................................. 12
4.1企业成本控制能力 . ................................................................................................................. 12
4.2企业自主创新能力 . ................................................................................................................. 12
4.3企业市场营销能力 . ................................................................................................................. 13
4.4企业战略管理能力 . ................................................................................................................. 15
第5章 新常态下改进江苏沙钢盈利能力的建议 .............................................................................. 16
5.1新常态下钢铁行业竞争格局及趋势分析 .............................................................................. 16
5.1.1行业竞争格局与趋势分析 . .......................................................................................... 16
5.1.2企业发展环境的SWOT 分析...................................................................................... 16
5.2新常态下江苏沙钢盈利能力的改进建议 .............................................................................. 18
5.2.1顺应新常态，及时开展绿色经营战略 ....................................................................... 18
5.2.2抓住新增长点，推动自主创新 ................................................................................... 18
5.2.3拓宽市场范畴，提升销售利润 ................................................................................... 19
5.2.4把控全局，强化战略成本控制 ................................................................................... 19
第6章 结论 . ......................................................................................................................................... 21
参考文献 . ............................................................................................................................................... 22
致谢........................................................................................................................................................ 23