实义动词的否定句和疑问句句式变化及动词的第三人称变化规律
动词第三人称单数形式构成规则及练习题
动词第三人称单数形式构成规则
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为
[z]。如: ①stop-stops [s] ; make-makes [s]
②read-reads [z] ; play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如:fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z]
study-studies [z]; worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如:
teach-teaches [iz]; watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如:
go-goes [z] do-does [z
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。 如: 1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音, 与所加“s”一起读做[iz]。 如: close-closes [iz]
be动词包括:am, is, are。第三人称单数用 is;过去式为 was;复数用are,过去式为were.
注意: 动词 have ,遇到主语是第三人称单数时,要用 has; 动词 be 的第三人称单数形式是is。
含have和has的肯定句变否定句和疑问句。并做出肯定回答和否定回答 I have an apple.
I don’t have an apple.(否定句在have前加not)
Do you have an apple? (疑问句用do提问,句首第一个字母大写,句尾加问号) Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.(用do和don’t回答,)
He has a big nose.
He doesn’t have a big nose.(否定句在has前加doesn’t ,并把has变成have) Does he have a big nose?(疑问句用does提问,并把has变成have) Yes , he does./ No, he doesn’t.(用does和doesn’t回答)
一般现在时中的第三人称单数形式
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。
I 什么是一般现在时?一般现在时的基本用法有哪些呢?
【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
标志词(时间状语):always, every week (day, year, month„), once a week, every„, sometimes, at„, on Sunday uauslly often,never,hardly..........
3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
【No. 2】一般现在时的构成
1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:
I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:
We study English.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加
【No. 3】一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
a 否定句:主语+ be + not +其它.如 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 b 一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。
如:-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
c 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如Where is my bike?
2.行为动词的变化。
a 否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:
I don't like bread.
b 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:
He doesn't often play.
c 一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
【No. 4】特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:
How does your father go to work?
II 哪些主语是第三人称单数? 现归纳总结如下:
一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如:
He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
he has lunch at twelve. 她十二点吃午餐。
It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数。如:
①Han Mei looks like her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
②Beijing is in China. 北京在中国。
③Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或
①A horse is a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
②This book is yours. 这本书是你的。
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。
④The cat is Lucy's. 这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词someone,everyone,everything, something等及指示代词
this,that作主语时,是第三人称单数。如:
①Everyone is here. 大家到齐了。
②This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
③That is an eraser. 那是一块橡皮擦。
五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如:
①The milk is in the glass. 牛奶在玻璃杯里。
②The bread is very small. 那面包很小。
六、当数字或字母作主语时,看作第三人称单数。如: ①
巩固练习题:
I 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式:
sit________ guess________
die________ go_________
rush_______ reach______
touch______ brush_______
fly________ copy________
say________ run________
do_________ fix________
live_______ cry________
enjoy______ have_______ \\
wish_______ play_______
uie________ teach______ \
buy________ study_____
drink______ go________
stay_______ make_______
look_______ carry______
come_______ watch_______
plant______ fly________
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
20. -What day _______(be) it today?
- It’s Saturday
.三、按照要求改写句子
1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
___________________________
4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
___________________________________________________
5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1. Is your brother speak English? __________________
2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________
3. He likes play games after class. __________________
4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________
5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
I like apples. Tom is my best friend. He likes apples, too . My mother likes grapes, but my father likes strawberries. 一般现在时中含有实义动词的句子变否定句和疑问句,并根据疑问句做出肯定回答和否定回答。
1主语是非第三人称单数(第一人称,第二人称及复数人称)
I like apples.
I don’t like apples.(否定句在实义动词前面加don’t)
变否定句练习题 We speak Chinese. They come from Canada. Jane and Sally like English a lot. Do you like apples?(疑问句用do提问,句尾加问号)
变疑问句练习题 We speak Chinese. They come from Canada.
Jane and Sally like English a lot. Yes,I do./No, I don’t.(肯定回答用do.否定回答用don’t) 对变成疑问句的练习题做出肯定回答和否定回答 We speak Chinese. They come from Canada. Jane and Sally like English a lot. 2主语是第三人称单数(主语是he,she,it和所有能被它们代替的单个人称)
He likes apples.(第三人称做主语,动词要加s.详情看变化规律) He doesn’t like apples.(否定句在实义动词前加doesn’t,并把实义动词变成原型。)
变否定句练习题 She speaks Chinese. The boy comes from Canada. Jane likes English a lot.
Does he like apples?(疑问句用does提问,把实义动词变成原型) 变疑问句练习题 She speaks Chinese. The boy comes from Canada. Jane likes English a lot.
Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.(肯定回答用does,否定回答用doesn’t)
对上面变成疑问句的句子做出肯定回答和否定回答 She speaks Chinese. The boy comes from Canada. Jane likes English a lot.