高考英语总复习代词
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 ◆ 课前轻松阅读
Nowadays the newspaper possesses considerable value. Everybody should read it. It supplies us with a variety of news every day. It tells us the political situation of the world. If we form the habit of reading the newspaper, we shall (will) get enough knowledge to cope with our circumstance.
代词是代替名词的词,
二. 相关知识点精讲1. 人称代词
1)
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖
2) 人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语,宾格作宾语。如:
I like table tennis. (作主语) (作宾语)
3) 人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如:---Who is knocking at the door? ---It‟s 4) 人称代词在than 之后与其他人或事物进行比较时,用主格和宾格都可以。如:
2. 物主代词
1)
物主代词,如下表所示。
(作主语)
(作表语)
--- No. Mine is in my bag.
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? (作宾语)
3. 指示代词
指示代词包括:this ,that ,these ,those 。
1) this 和these 一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,that 和those 则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,例如:
This is a pen and that is a pencil.
We are busy these days.
In those days the workers had a hard time
2) 有时that 和those 指前面讲到过的事物,this 和these
I had a cold. why I didn‟t come. What I want to say is ; important in learning English.
3) 有时为了避免重复提到的名词,常可用that 或those
. 4)this
在电话用语中代表自己,that
4. 反身代词
英语中用来表示" 我自己" ," 你自己" ," " ," " ," 你们自己" 等意义的代词称为反身
反身代词可以在句中作宾语,表语,同位语。
1) 作宾语,表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者,主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。
He called himself a writer.
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖
2) 作表语。
It doesn„t matter. I‟ll be myself soon.
3) 作主语或宾语的同位语,表示亲自或本人。
I myself washed the clothes.
I have some friends.
Smith went to some place in England. (定语)
②在期待对方回答yes 时,some 用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。
Would you like some bananas?(邀请)
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 Mum, could you give me some money?(请求)
③any 用于疑问句和否定句 。
Is there any student in the classroom?
No ,there isn‟t any student.
④ any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。
Any day is okay for me.
(2)one, both, all
one 指人或物,“一个”,其复数为ones,
This is not the one I want.(表语)
both 指人或指物,“两者都” This maths problem
can be worked out in both ways.(定语)
注意:both Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。
Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。 both 不能放在the 、these 、those 、my
如:Both my parents like this film.
All “全部的”、“整个的”“所有的”、“全部的”,指三个或三个 以上的人或物。
He gave me all the money.
注意:all none 。如:
并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。
这钱一分也不是我的。
few 和含否定意义;而a few 和a little表示有一些,有几个,含肯定意义。另外few 、a few 修饰可数名词;little 、a little修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。
(4)each和every
each (各个),指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个体,在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 (每个),指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重整体,在句中只能作定语。
Every student it our class has a dictionary.(定语,强调班上“所有的人”)
Each student in our class has a dictionary.(定语,强调各个个体)
Each of them has been there.(主语)
The teacher gave each of the students a new
textbook. (宾语)
We each got a ticket.(同位语)
(5)either和neither
either 是“两者中任何一个”的意思,可修饰或代替单数可数名词,是“”的意思,可以修饰或代替单数可数名词,它们可在句在作主语、宾语或定语。如:
Here are two pens. You may take either of them.(宾语)
Neither boy knows French.(定语)
(6)Other, others ,the other, the others 和
the other表示“两者中的另一个”;
other 意思是“其他的”,
others 可指其他的人或东西,相当于other+the others特指其他某些人或物,相当于the other+名词复数。
another “(三个或三个以上的)另一个”,不能指两者中的另一
①
A. B. another white
C. the other white D. another is white
【解析】 根据常识, 板子有两个面, 不能用another; 这是一个省略句, 在the other 和white 之间省略了should be painted。选项A 具有很大的干扰性,the other is white的意思是" 另一面是白色的", 而不是" 漆成白色的" 。【答案】C
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 ② I have done much of the work. Could you please finish ________ in two days?
A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others
【解析】 work 是不可数名词, 不能用the others代替;the rest既可指代可数名词, 也可指代不可数名词。
【答案】A
6.相互代词:each other用于两者或两者以上;one another通用。
7.疑问代词:what 指事或物,不强调范围;who(whom,whose) 指人;which 调范围。
8.关系代词:what ,who ,whom ,whose ,which ,that ,as ,
9.it 的用法
(一)作人称代词
1、it
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.(it ) it air ) They say he has left town, but I don‟it They …town 分句中的情况)
2
(it 代替前面的tree )
(it 代替前面的baby )
3
---- Who is it? ---- It’s me. 4、it 与it 用于同名同物的场合;one 则用于同名
---- No, I have sold it. ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.
5、it 与that 的区别:两词都可代替某一特定名词,但that 指同一类,并非同一个。
e.g. The climate of South China is mild(温和的); I like it very much.(it 指the climate of South China) The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.(that 指the climate)
(二)作无人称代词
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 it 作无人称代词时,除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外,另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.). It is noon. It is a half hour’s walk to the factory. It is eighteen square metres in area. What does it matter?
(三)作强调词,构成强调结构
用以帮助改变句子结构,使句子的某一成分受到强调。 其它成分。”在这个句型中,it 本身没有词义。注意: 在强调结构中,其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where ,而应用that
It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that引起强调句It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where引起定从)
It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there.
It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there.
(四)引导词it 作形式主语(宾语)
it 引导词it
(It 与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词)(it 与that 从句中间夹有 strange ) 但有时it (因为介词on 之后一般不直接接that 引导的宾语
(
A .it .that C .one D.this
2.The Parkers bought a new house but _____will
need a lot of work before they can move in.
A .they B .it C .one D.which
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖 one 用以指代同类事物中的任一,that 特指性强, 指代可数与不可数词,而it 指代上文提过的同一 事物。
◆查漏补缺练一练
1.I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’ A. one B. it C. this D. that
【答案】B 。
句话中的this house表明在该语境中是特指的用法,所以答案为it 意的是one 表示泛指。
【考点定位】it/that/one用法区别
2. -I ’ve read another book this week.
-A. this B. that C. there 【答案】 D
【解析】句中read count 的主语,所有选D 使之构成强调句型。
【考点定位】本题考查强调句型和名词性从句。3.Being a parent is not always easy, being the parent of a child with special needs often carries with ___extra stress.
A. it B. them D. him
【答案】C
“作一名家长并不是很容易,并且作为一名有着特殊需要的孩子家长,”。分清指代,it 指代上文being the parent of a child carry 的宾语为extra stress,with it 表示原因,防止误选C. ,由此可知选A
it 用法。
A. As
【答案】D.
【解析】本题考查it 作形式主语,代替that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy,而其他选项均不可以充当形式主语。
B. That C . This D . It
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖
5.If I can help_______, I don't like working late into the night.
A. so B. that C. it D. them
【答案】C
【解析】此题考查it 的特殊用法。it 可用于某些动词之后,无确切的含义,构成习语。此处If I can help it 意为“如果我有办法的话”。有时我们也可以说成It can‟t be helped或“实在没有办法”。常见口语中带it 的惯用语:(you ‟ve/I‟ve )got it懂了,明白了想,不可能;Don ‟t mention it(别人道谢时回答)不客气;Take it easy别急,慢慢来; “ 在(某时); It/all depends那要看情况而定 ; It‟s hard to say情况很难说
6.Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting, addressed to the nearby post office.
A .it; her B .it; herself C .herself; her .【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。第一空不定代词it 指代前面的postcard 后的宾语应为反身代词herself.
7.He didn’
A. this 【答案】C
【解析】考查it 作形式主语,it 代替其他选项均不可以充当形式宾语。 B. that
D. these ◆高考真题链接
D. also
will be achieved unless we work well together.
C. Something D. Everything
(2013江西)23. _______ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn‟t love it.
A. Anybody B. Everybody D. Somebody
(2013辽宁)29. To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _____of her colleagues.
西安戴氏高考中考培训学校临潼总校 科 目:高中英语 “全日制”专用 主讲老师:向 颖
B. one C. ones D. those
(2013山东)21. I‟ve lived in New York and Chicago, but don‟t like ____ of them very much. B. any C. each D. another
(2013陕西)22. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she of her enthusiasm for life.
A. some B. neither
(2013四川 A. one B. this (2013天津A. them (2013重庆 B. the other (2013浙江)11.Half of _____ deepest wishes and darkest fears.
A these B some
A lazy youth, a lousy age. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲 走进戴氏,跨入成功之门