大学英语B阅读理解

阅读Passage 1 – 6

第四次作业、第五次作业和第六次作业共有18篇文章，均为统考必考文章，你碰到原文的可能性非常非常大，请务必认真完成。

Passage 1 ABDCB

Laws have been written to govern the use of American National Flag, and to ensure proper respect for the flag. Custom has also governed the common practice in regard to its use. All the armed services have precise regulations on how to display the national flag. This may vary somewhat from the general rules. The national flag should be raised and lowered by hand. Do not raise the flag while it is folded. Unfold the flag first, and then hoist it quickly to the top of the flagpole. Lower it slowly and with dignity. Place no objects on or over the flag. Do not use the flag as part of a costume or athletic uniform. Do not print it upon cushions, handkerchiefs, paper napkins or boxes. A federal law provides that the trademark cannot be registered if it comprises the flag, or badges of the US. When the flag is used to unveil a statue or monument, it shouldn’t serve as a covering of the object to be unveiled. If it is displayed on such occasions, do not allow the flag to fall to the ground, but let it be carried high up in the air to form a feature of the ceremony. Take every precaution to prevent the flag from becoming soiled. It should not be allowed to touch the ground or floor, nor to brush against objects.

译文：已经制定了法律来规定美国国旗的使用并确保对国旗应有的尊敬。关于国旗的使用也早已有了惯例。全军就国旗的展开方法有明确的规定，这与常规有点不同。国旗的升降应该用手来操作。国旗未展开时不能升起。应先使它展开，然后快速把它升至旗杆顶部。降下时要缓慢、庄严。旗的上面或上方不得放置任何物品。不要把国旗镶嵌在衣服或运动装上，也不要把国旗图案印在垫子、手帕、纸巾或盒子上。联邦法律规定，如果某个商标含有美国国旗或国徽图案，这个商标就不能注册。当国旗被用来为雕像或纪念碑揭幕时，不可以盖在被揭幕物上。如果国旗被用在这种场合，则不可让它落到地上，而应高高悬挂在空中，以造成仪式感。特别注意，要避免国旗受到污损。国旗不可触到地面或擦着物体。

1. How do Americans ensure proper respect for the national flag?

（美国人是如何确保对国旗应有的尊敬的？）

（通过制定法律） B. By enforcing discipline

C. By educating the public D. By holding ceremonies.

2. What is the regulation regarding the raising of the American National Flag? （升美国国旗有何规定？）

A. It should be raised by soldiers. （应该快速用手升起。）

C. It should be raised only by Americans.

D. It should be raised by mechanical means.

3. How should the American National Flag be displayed at an unveiling ceremony? （揭幕仪式上应该如何展现国旗？）

A. It should be attached to the status.

B. It should be hung from the top of the monument.

C. It should be spread over the object to be unveiled. （应该悬挂在空中。）

4. What do we learn about the use of the American National Flag?

（对于美国国旗的使用我们知道了什么？）

A. There has been a lot of controversy over the use of flag.

B. The best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flag.

（有明确的规定和习惯要遵守。）

D. Americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefs.

5. What is Americans’ attitude towards their National Flag?

（美国人对于自己的国旗是什么态度？）

A. Arbitrary （尊敬） C. Happy D. Brave. Passage 2 CCDCB

It has been reported that in colleges across the United States, the daytime serial drama known as the soap opera has suddenly become ―in‖. Between the hours of 11 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. , college television lounges are filled with soap opera fans who can’t wait to see the next episode in the lives of their favorite characters.

Actually, soaps are more than a college favorite; they’re a youth favorite. When school is out, high-school students are in front of their TV sets. One young working woman admitted that she turned down a higher paying job rather than give up watching her favorite serials. During the 1960’s, it was uncommon for young people to watch soap operas. The mood of the sixties was very different from now. It was a time of seriousness, and talk was about social issues of great importance.

Now, seriousness has been replaced by fun. Young people want to be happy. It may seem strange that they should turn to soap opera, which is known for showing trouble in people’s lives. But soap opera is enjoyment. Young people can identify with the soap opera character, who, like the college-age viewer, is looking for happy love, and probably not finding it. And soap opera gives young people a chance to feel close to people without having to bear any responsibility for their problems.

译文：据报道，在美国大学里，被称为肥皂剧的日间系列剧突然―火‖了起来。上午11点至下午4：30，大学电视观看室里挤满了肥皂剧迷，他们急着想看自己所喜欢的角色的下一集生活剧。

其实，肥皂剧不仅仅是大学生最喜爱的节目，也是年轻人最喜爱的。一放学，中学生们就挤在电视机前观看节目。有一个年轻的职业妇女坦诚说起曾经拒绝了一份薪水更高的工作而不愿放弃观看所喜爱的连续剧。20世纪60年代年轻人很少看肥皂剧。那时的社会氛围与现在很不相同。那是很严肃的时期，人们所谈的都是关于很重要的社会大事。

现在，严肃已被娱乐取代。年轻人想寻找快乐。他们想看表现生活烦恼的肥皂剧可能会显得很奇怪，但肥皂剧是令人快乐的。年轻人能够和肥皂剧里的人物产生共鸣，这些人物象大学生观众一样，在寻找快乐的爱情，也许还没找到。肥皂剧给年轻人一个贴近人们的机会，而不必对他们的问题承担责任。

6．What is soap opera? （什么是肥皂剧？）

A. Plays based on science fiction stories.

B. Plays based on non-fiction stories.

（白天的电视连续剧）

D. Popular documentary films on TV.

7. What can be the best title of the passage? （这篇文章的最佳题目是什么？）

A. College student viewers.

B. Favorite TV serials.

（肥皂剧迷）

D. College-age viewers.

8. Which are not the reasons why the soap opera suddenly becomes ―in‖ according to the

passage? （根据这篇文章，哪一项不是肥皂剧突然―火‖起来的原因？）

A. Because the viewers want to be happy and to enjoy themselves.

B. because the soap opera makes young people feel close to their people

C. Because the viewers can find themselves in the soap opera characters.

（因为年轻人得承担问题的责任。）

9. What can we learn from the passage? （这篇文章让我们知道了什么？）

A. College students like soap operas more than any other social groups.

B. Young people of sixties liked soap operas more than people today.

（年轻观众已经使自己从60年代人的严肃转向了现在的快乐。）

D. The young as a whole are trying to look for happy love but in vain.

10. What message does the author want to convey to us? （作者想向我们表达什么信息？）

A. The people’s favorites to drama works have been changed for a long time.

（人们对戏剧作品的喜爱随着时间而改变。）

C. The people’s favorites to drama works is changed by the soap opera.

D. The people’s favorites have changed the drama works.

Passage 3 BCBAC

Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.

One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.

Then, in the country one can reallyEven though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has the reward of one who has shared the secrets of Nature.

Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.

译文：很多在伦敦工作的人喜欢住在伦敦郊外，然后每天乘火车、汽车和公交车去上班或上学。这也就意味着他们不得不早出晚归。

住在伦敦郊外的一个好处就是房子便宜。在伦敦即使是没有花园的小公寓也需要一笔不菲的租金，用同样的钱，你可以在郊区买一个带花园的小房子了

然后，他在乡村就可以远离喧嚣和忙碌的工作生活。即使他不得不起得更早，花更多的时间乘火车或公交车，但他晚上可以睡得更好。在周末和夏季的夜晚，他可以享受乡村清新干净的空气。要是他喜欢花园，在花园里干一些想挖土、种植、浇水等许多园艺的活，那么当鲜花和蔬菜生长起来的时候，他就与其他分享大自然秘密的人们一样得到奖赏。

然而有些人对乡村并不感兴趣。对他们来说，幸福就在市区里：那里有电影院、剧院、漂亮的商店、繁忙的街道、舞厅和饭店。如果不得不住在伦敦郊外的话，这些人就觉得生活没意义了。（对于那些热爱都市生活的人来说）他们所需要的乡村生活，就是偶尔去公园散步，每个夏天去海边过上两个星期，其他跟乡村有关的东西，让那些每天晚上都急于离开伦敦的人们（住在郊外的人们）去享受吧。

11. Which of the following statements is NOT true? （下列哪个陈述是不对的？）

A. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city. （所有在伦敦工作的人都喜欢住在伦敦市郊。）

C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.

D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside London.

12. With the same money needed for _______, one can buy a little house with a garden in the

country. （用同样的钱___,他可以在乡村买到一套有花园的小房子。）

A. getting a small flat with a garden

B. having a small flat with a garden （租一套没有花园的小公寓）

D. buying a small flat without a garden

13. When the garden is in blossom, the one ______ has been rewarded.

（当花园里开满鲜花的时候，那个______的人就得到了奖赏。）

A. living in the country （花时间在花园里工作）

C. having a garden of his own

D. having been digging, planting and watering

14. People who think happiness lies in the to live it outside London. （那些认为幸福就在城市里人会感到________如果他们不得不住在郊外）

B. their life was invaluable

C. they didn’t deserve a happy life

D. they were not worthy of their happy life

15. The underlined phrase get away from in the 3rd

（在第3段中划线的词组get away from是什么意思？）

A. deal with B. do away with D. prevent from

Passage 4 CDDCB

By definition, heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of other –they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shaping our nation’s consciousness and development as well as the lives of those who admire them. Yet, some people say that ours is an age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us-an artifact of the past. Some maintain that because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace our age is essentially an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science.

Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to transcend celebrity(明星), who are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? That’s hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance, the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the moment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic death -such as Martin Luther King Jr., John F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana.

译文：就定义而言，英雄之所以与众不同是因为他们有非凡的勇气、取得了卓著的成就、常常为他人的利益而做出牺牲——他们是我们评价别人的标准。他们是大家公认的对我们国家意识的形成和我们国家的发展，还有对他们的崇拜者的一生起了重大作用的人。可是，有人说，我们的时代是很难出现真正英雄的时代，英雄主义这一概念本身我们就难以理解——它已经成为历史。有些人坚持说，由于冷战的结束和美国对外的和睦，我们的时代本质上不是一个英勇豪壮的时代。更进一步地

说，总体犯罪率正在降低，经济的发展与增长已经缓解了贫困，医疗科学也在不断的进步。

给文化偶像下定义就更难了，但是我们看到他们就认识了他们。他们超越了名流，成为传奇式人物，甚至在某种程度上已是神话式的人物。但究竟是哪些因素使有些人成为偶像，另一些人仅成了名流呢？这就太难说了。部分原因是他们的生平带有传奇故事的色彩。比如说，年轻貌美的戴安娜·史宾塞，19岁时嫁给了王子，放弃了婚姻与王权，却在找到真爱的那一刻死去了。漂亮的长相当然有用，另外，在媒体的炒作下某种难以描述的、特殊的个人魅力也起作用。然而悲剧性地过早离开这个世界，却是造成偶像最重要的因素——例如：马丁·路德·金、约翰·F·肯尼迪和戴安娜王妃。

16. The passage mainly deals with __________. （这篇文章主要讲了什么？）

A. life and death B. heroes and heroines （英雄与偶像） D. icons and celebrities

17. Heroes and heroines are usually _______. （英雄通常是什么？）.

A. courageous B. good examples to follow

C. self-sacrificing （以上三个都是）

18. Which of the following statements is wrong? （下列哪个陈述是错的？）

A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic growth.

B. Superstars are famous for being famous.

C. One’s look can contribute to being famous. （英雄只能出现在战争时代。）

19. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love _______.

（年轻貌美的戴安娜·史宾塞找到了她的真爱_______）

A. when she was 19 B. when she became a princess

D. after she gave birth to a Prince

20. What is more likely to set an icon’s status? （什么更有可能说明偶像的状况？）

A. Good looks.

C. Personal attraction. D. The quality of one’s story.

Passage 5 ABDCB

Places to stay in Britain are as varied as the places you visit. Whatever your budget is the choice – from basic barn to small hotel, from tiny cottage to grand castle—is all part of fun.

Hostel

Cheap, good-value hostels are aimed at all types of like-minded travelers, who prefer value over luxury and you don’t have to be young or single to use them. Britain’s independent hostels and backpackers hostels also offer a great welcome. Facilities and prices vary, especially in rural areas, where some hostels are a little more than a bunkhouse (临时住房) while others are remarkably comfortable--almost like bargain hotels.

Youth Hotels

Founded many years ago to ―help all, especially young people of limited means, to a greater knowledge, love and care of the countryside‖, the Youth Hotels Association is still going strong in the 21st century. The network of 230 hotels is a perfect gateway for exploring Britain’s towns and countryside.

B & Bs

The B & B (bed and breakfast) is a great British institution. In essence you get a room in somebody’s house, and small B & Bs may only have one guest room, so you’ll really feel like part of the family. Larger B & Bs may have four or five rooms and more facilities, but just as warm as a

welcome.

In country areas your B & B might be in a village or an isolated farm surrounded by fields. Prices reflect facilities: and usually run from around ￡12 to ￡20 per person. City B & Bs charge about ￡25 to ￡30 per person, although they’re often cheaper as you go further out to the suburbs.

Pubs & Inns

As well as selling drinks and meals, Britain’s pubs and inns sometimes offer B & B, particularly in country areas. Staying a night or two can be great fun and puts you at the heart of the local community.

Rates range from around ￡15 to ￡25 per person. Pubs are more likely to have single rooms.

译文：在英国，可住宿的地方就如可参观的地方那么多。不论你的预算是多少，任何一种选择都是快乐的一部分――从谷仓到小旅馆，从小农舍到大城堡。

旅社

廉价、超值的旅社定位在形形色色的趣味相投的重精神超过物质的这类游客群体，而且旅社没有规定游客必须是年轻人或者是单身汉。英国的独立旅社和背包族旅社也十分欢迎旅行者。设施和价格也各不相同，特别是在乡村，有些旅社只比临时住房好一点点，而有些特别舒适――就像可以讨价还价一样。

青年旅社

（这种旅社的形式）很多年前就形成了，为了―帮助所有的，特别是资金有限的年轻人，深入了解，喜爱，关心农村。‖青年旅行社组织在２１世纪依然盛行。２３０家的旅社网络是探索英国小镇和农村的最佳门户。

床位和早餐

床位与早餐是英国的伟大创举。实际上就是某家的住户为你提供一个房间，小的B& Bs只有一间客房，所以你会觉得自己是这户人家的一份子。大一些的B& Bs可能有４，５个房间和更多是设施，但一样的热情款待。

在农村，B & B可能在一个村庄或者四周都是田地的独立的农场里。价格反映了房间的设施：通常每人在１２到２０英镑左右。城市的B & Bs价格在每人２５到３０英镑左右，尽管越到郊区价格越便宜。

酒吧和客栈

除了买酒和饭菜外，英国的酒吧和客栈有时也提供床位和早餐，特别在农村地区。在那里住一两个晚上会十分有趣，并且可以让你处在当地社区的中心。

价格在每人１５到２５英镑左右。酒吧更有可能拥有独立房间。

21. In this passage the author mainly _____________. (这篇文章作者的意图主要是什么？) (告诉我们到英国旅游可以住在哪里)

B. advises readers to pay a visit to Britain

C. introduces the wonderful public services in Britain

D. gives us some information about British life

22. ___________ are mainly built for young visitors. (哪种住宿的地方主要是为年轻人建的？)

A. Pubs & Inns （青年旅社）

C. Hostels D. B & Bs

23. If you travel alone and want to know better about family life in Britain, you’d better stay in __________________.

（如果你独自一个人旅游并且想更好地了解英国的居民生活，可以住在哪里？）

A. Pubs & Inns B. Youth Hotels

C. Hostels 床位和早餐)

24. If you are interested in traveling with your friends but only with limited means, where is the better place for you to stay? ______________.

（如果你喜欢和朋友一起旅行但资金有限，哪里是最佳住宿地点？）

A. Pubs & Inns B. Youth Hotels

旅社) D. B & Bs

25. Which of the following is NOT true according to the last part of the passage?

（根据文章的最后一段，以下哪句是错误的？）

A. Pubs and inns usually provide visitors bed and breakfast. (所有的酒吧和客栈都为旅客提供床位和早餐。)

C. Pubs and inns charge a visitor ￡ 25 at the most.

D. If you want a single room, you are more likely to get one in pubs.

Passage 6 BCACD

What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is ―no‖. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.

The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations, Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.

译文：是什么使一个普通人成为科学家？他有不同于他人的学习方法和工具吗？答案是否定的。不是因为科学家使用的工具，而是因为他使用工具的方法使他成为了科学家。你也许认同，知道怎么用力对一名木匠来说很重要。你也许也认同，知道怎样研究调查、怎样发现信息对每个人来说都很重要。然而，科学家要比这走得更远：他必须确定他对自己的问题有一个合理的答案，并且他的答案可以得到别人的验证。他同时也要努力把自己得到的诸多问题的答案，纳入到一个庞大的思想系统中，以解释世界是如何运行的。

科学家的知识必须很确切。不能给半错半对或者只有一半机会对的情况留有任何空间。他必须在条件允许的情况下尽可能正确。某次在某些条件下取得的成功，必须在同样的条件下任何时候都能取得成功。如果条件不同，科学家在证明过程中观察到的任何变化，都必须解释为条件的改变。这是调查研究在科学领域十分重要的一个理由。爱因斯坦通过数学方法提出了相对论。他对数学方法的准确运用，后来得到了实证，爱因斯坦的思想证明是正确的。一个科学家会用很多工具来测量。测量的结果用来进行数学计算，计算的结果可验证其调查研究之成效。

26. What makes a scientist according to the passage? （根据这篇文章的观点，是什么造就了科学家？）

A. The tools he uses. (他使用工具的方法)

C. His ways of learning. D. The various tools he uses.

27. ―The scientist, however, goes one step further…‖. The author says this to show ____________. (―然而，科学家要比这走得更远……‖作者这么说是为了说明什么？)

A. the important of information

B. the importance of thinking (科学家与普通人的区别)

D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs.

28. A sound scientific theory should be one that ___________________.

(一项正确的科学理论应该是怎么样的？) (不只是在某些条件下一次可行，而要在同样的条件下一直可行。)

B. does not allow any changes even under different conditions

C. can be used for many purposes

D. leave no room for improvement

29. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate ______________.

(作者引用爱因斯坦的例子是为了证明什么？)

A. that measurements are keys to success in science

B. that accuracy of mathematics (调查研究在科学领域十分重要。)

D. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations

30. What is the main idea of the passage? (这篇文章的中心意思是什么？)

A. The theory of relativity.

B. Exactness is the core of science.

C. Scientists are different form ordinary people.

(确切性和使用工具的方法是成为科学家的重要因素。)