技术职称的翻译
(一)研究系统
研究员[正高] professor , professor +学科
副研究员[副高] associate professor; associate professor of 学科。
助理研究员[中] research associate;
研究实习员[初] research assistant.
(二)大学教师系列
教授[正高] professor
副教授[副高] associate professor; associate professor of 学科。
讲师[中] lecturer
助教[初] assistant
(三)中等专业学校、技工学校教师系统
高级讲师[副高] senior lecturer;
讲师[中] lecturer;
助理讲师[初] assistant lecturer;
教员[初] teacher;
高级实习指导教师[副高]senior instructor;
一级实习指导教师[中]first-grade instructor;
二级实习指导教师[初]second-grade instructor;
三级实习指导教师[初]third-grade instructor.
(四)中学教师系列
中学高级教师[副高] 可译为 senior teacher (secondary school);
中学一级教师[中]first-grade teacher (secondary school);
中学二级教师[初]second-grade teacher (secondary school);
中学三级教师[初]third-grade teacher (secondary school)。
(五)小学教师系列
小学高级教师[中] senior teacher(primary school);
小学一级教师[初]first-grade teacher(primary school);
小学二级教师[初] second-grade teacher (primary school);
小学三级教师[初]third-grade teacher (primary school)。
(六)工程技术系列
教授级高级工程师[正高]professor of engineering;
高级工程师[副高]senior engineering或associate professor of engineering;
工程师[中]engineer;
助理工程师[初]assistant engineer;
技术员[初]technician
(七)实验系列
高级实验师[高] senior lab master
实验师[中]lab master
助理实验师[初]assistant lab master
实验员[初]laboratory technician。
(八)农业技术系列
高级农艺师[高]senior agronomist
农艺师[中]agronomist;
助理农艺师[初]assistant agronomist;
农业技术员[初]agricultural technician.
(九)图书资料系列
研究馆员[正高]professor of library science;
副研究馆员[副高] associate professor of library science;
馆员[中]librarian;
助理馆员[初]library assistant;
管理员[初]clerk。
(十)档案系列
研究馆员[正高]professor of archives science;
副研究馆员[副高]associate professor of archives science;
馆员[中]archivist;
助理馆员[初]assistant archivist;
管理员[初]file clerk
(十一)文物博物系列
研究
馆员[正高]professor of relics and museology;
副研究馆员[副高]associate professor of relics and museology;
馆员[中] museologist;
助理馆员[初] assistant museologist;
文博管理员[初]conservator。
(十二)卫生技术系列
主任医师[正高]在医科大学讲课的教授,叫professor of medicine,或者professor of medicial science,而主任医师主要在医院工作,为了有所区别,可将“主任医师”译作professor of treatment 或professor + 从事的专长学科(例如:professor of paediatrics[儿科主任医师],professor of dermatology[皮肤科主任医师],等等)
副主任医师[副高]associate professor of treatment,或associate professor of +学科。
主治医师[中]可译作doctor-in-charge;如果要表达清楚,则可分别译作surgeon-in-charge[外科主治医师],oculist-in-charge[眼科主治医师],pediatrician-in-charge[儿科主治医师],physician-in-charge[内科主治医师],gyneco-logist-in-charge [妇科主治医师],dermatol-ogist-in-charge[皮肤科主治医师],dentist-in-charge[牙科主治医师],等等。
医师[初]doctor,或doctor+科别;
医士[初]assistant doctor.
主任药师[正高]professor of pharmacy;
副主任药师[副高]associate professor of pharmacy;
主管药师[中]pharmacist-in-charge;
药师[初]pharmacist;
药士[初]assistant pharmacist。
主任护师[正高]professor of nursing;
副主任护师[副高]associate professor of nursing;
主管护师[中]nurse-in-charge;
护师[初]nurse practitioner;
护士[初]nurse或nurse’s aide。
主任技师[正高]full senior technologist;
副主任技师[副高]associate senior technologist;
主管技师[中]technologist-in-charge;
技师[初]technologist;
技士[初]technician
(十三)新闻系列
高级编辑[正高] full senior editor;
主任编辑[副高]associate senior editor;
编辑[中]editor;
助理编辑[初]assistant editor。
高级记者[正高]full senior reporter;
主任记者[副高]associate senior reporter;
记者[中]reporter;
助理记者[初]assistant reporter。
(十四)出版系列
编审[正高]full senior editor
副编审[副高]associate senior editor
编辑[中]editor;
助理编辑[初]assistant editor;
技术编辑[中]technical editor;
助理技术编辑[初]assistant technical editor;
技术设计员[初]technical designer;
一级校对[中]first-grade proofreader;
二级校对[初]second-grade proofreader;
三级校对[初]third-grade proofreader。
(十五)翻译系列
译审[正高]full se
nior translator
副译审[副高]associate senior translator
翻译[中]translator;
助理翻译[初]assistant translator 。
(十六)广播电视播音系列
播音指导[正高]director of announcing;
主任播音员[副高]chief announcer;
一级播音员[中]first-grade announcer;
二级播音员[初]second-grade announcer;
三级播音员[初]third-grade announcer。
(十七)经济系列
高级经济师[高] senior economist;
经济师[中]economist;
助理经济师[初] assistant economist;
经济员[初]economic clerk。
(十八)会计系列
高级会计师[高]senior accountant;
会计师[中]accountant;
助理会计师[初]assistant accountant;
会计员[初]treasurer。
(十九)统计系列
高级统计师[高] senior statistician;
统计师[中]statistician;
助理统计师[初]assistant statistician;
统计员[初]statistical clerk。
(二十)律师系列
一级律师[正高]“律师”,在英美有多种叫法:比较通用的是lawyer;“一级律师”译first-grade lawyer;
二级律师[副高]second-grade lawyer;
三级律师[中]third-grade lawyer;
四级律师[初]fourth-grade lawyer;
律师助理[初]lawyer’s assistant
(二十一)公证系列
一级公证员[正高]“公证员”译成notary public(简称NP)或notary都可以,而用NP更正式一些。“一级公证员”可译first-grade notary public;
二级公证员[副高]second-grade notary public;
三级公证员[中]third-grade notary public;
四级公证员[初]fourth-grade notary public;
公证员助理[初]notary’s assistant
(二十二)海关系列
高级关务监督[高]senior customs supervisor;
关务监督[中]customs supervisor;
助理关务监督[初]assistant customs supervisor;
关务员[初]customs clerk。
(二十三)航空飞行系列
一级飞行员[高]first-grade pilot;
二级飞行员[中]second-grade pilot;
三级飞行员[初]third-grade pilot;
四级飞行员[初]fourth-grade pilot;
一级领航员[高]first-grade navigator;
二级领航员[中]second-grade navigator;
三级领航员[初]third-grade navigator;
四级领航员[初]fourth-grade navigator;
一级飞行通信员[高]first-grade flight radioman;
二级飞行通信员[中]second-grade flight radioman;
三级飞行通信员[初]third-grade flight radioman;
四级飞行通信员[初]fourth-grade flight radioman;
一级飞行机械员[高]first-grade flight engineer;
二级飞行机械员[中]second-grade flight engine
er;
三级飞行机械员[初]third-grade flight engineer;
四级飞行机械员[初]fourth-grade flight engineer。
(二十四)船舶技术系列
高级船长[高]英语里关于“船长”一词有好几个对应词:captain, shipmaster, 拟译为 captain; “高级船长”译作senior captain;
船长[中]captain;
大副[中]译作first mate或mate;
二副[初]second mate;
三副[初]third mate;
高级轮机长[高]senior engineer或senior chief engineer;
轮机长[中]chief或chief engineer;
大管轮[中]first engineman;
二管轮[初]second engineman;
三管轮[初]third engineman;
高级电机员[高]senior electrician;
通用电机员[中]general electrician;
一等电机员[中]first electrician;
二等电机员[初]second electrician;
高级报务员[高]senior radioman;
通用报务员[中]general radioman;
一等报务员[中]first radioman;
二等报务员[初]second radioman;
限用报务员[初]special radioman
(二十五)体育教练系列
主教练[高]chief coach;
教练[中]coach;
助理教练[初]assistant coach。
(二十六)艺术系列
一级[高]first-grade(如“一级演员”,first-grade actor);
二级[高]second-grade (如“二级画师”,second-grade painter);
三级[初]third-grade(如“三级导演”,third-grade director);
四级[初]fourth-grade (如“四级演员”,fourth-grade actor)。
(二十七)工艺美术系列
高级工艺美术师[高]senior industrial artist;
工艺美术师[中]industrial artist;
助理工艺美术师[初]assistant industrial artist;
工艺美术员[初]painter of handicraft。
(二十八)其它
审计(audit),套用会计系列职称,但“审计员”可译auditor;专利(patent),套用研究系列职称;法医(forensic medicine),套用卫生技术系列职称。