小学 一般将来时and一般现在时
一般将来时
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①be going to + do；②will+ do.
三、否定句：在be 动词（am, is, are, was, were）后加not 或情态动词will 后加not 成won ’t 。
例如：I ’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I ’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. I will have a picnic this afternoon.→ I won ’t have a picnic this afternoon.
四、一般疑问句： be 或will 提到句首，some 改为any, and改为or ，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 、问人。Who 例如：I ’m going to go to New York soon. →Who ’s going to go to New York soon ？ 或者 Who will go to New York soon？
2、问干什么。What … do. 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon？
What will your father do with you this afternoon？
3、 问什么时候。When. 例如：She ’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
六、同义句：be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
练习：
填空。
1、 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
2、 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
3、你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
4、你们打算什么时候见面。
What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
改句子。
5、Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）
Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6、I ’ll go and join them.（改否定）
I _______ go ______ join them.
7、I ’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
8、We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
9、（对划线部分提问）
________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
10、同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11、Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
12、My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
13、Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
14、What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and
____________(catch) insects?
15、It ’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
16、What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
17、Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
18、Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
19、David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
20、I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
2. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
3. 表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它) 。如：
We study English.我们学习英语。We like the little cat.
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s" 或"-es" 。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。She sings well.
一般现在时的变化
1. be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。
如：-Are you a student?
-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它) 。如：
I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't 构成否定句。如：
He doesn't often play.
一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如：
- Do you often play football?
- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does 构成一般疑问句。如：
- Does she go to work by bike?
- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work?
What do you usually do on Sunday?
一. 用词的适当形式填空。
1.What time_________ his father_________(do) the work?
2.He _________(get) up at five o’clock.
3.__________ you _________(brush) your teeth every morning？
4.What ________ ( do ) he usually ________( do ) after school?
5.Tom ________ ( study ) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.
6. Kitty sometimes __________(go) to the park with his sister.
7.At eight at night, she __________( watch ) TV with her parents.
8. ________ Mike________( read ) English every day?
9.How many lessons________ your classmates______( have ) on Monday?
10.We often___________ ( play ) football in the playground.
动词的一般过去式（不规则）
am, is ---- was ; are ---- were ; do---- did; go---- went ; say ---- said ; write---- wrote; get---- got ; live---- lived ; like---- liked; love---- loved; come ---- came; learn---- learnt/learned; walk---- walked; take---- took ; ride---- rode; swim----swam; make---- made; buy---- bought; have---- had; eat---- ate; see---- saw; fall---- fell; wear----wore; drink---- drunk; break---- broke ; want----wanted; run---- ran; give---- gave; put----put; practise----practised ; win----won; visit----visited; happen----happened; bump----bumped; cut----cut; hurt----hurt;
knock----knocked; tell---- told; come-came do---did
draw---drew drink---drank drive-drove eat---ate fall---fell
feed---fed feel---felt find---found fly---flew forget---forgot get---got go---went have,has---had Hear---heard hold---held
keep---kept know---knew learn---learnt,learned leave---left
let---let make---made may---might mean---meant meet---met
must---must put---put read---read ride---rode ring---rang
run---ran say---said see---saw sell---sold shall---should
shoe---shoed sing---sang sit- --sat sleep---slept speak---spoke stand---stood swim---swam take-took teach-taught tell-told
think-thought throw-threw understand-understood will-would
write-wrote
规则变化：
1．直接加ed ：work —— worked look ——looked play ——played,
2．以e 结尾的单词，直接加d ：live ——lived hope——hoped use ——used, 3 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y 为i 加ed ：study —— studied carry ——carried ——worried,
4以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed ：enjoy ——enjoyed play ——played
5 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母（辅音+元音+辅音）+ed：
—— stopped plan ——planned
worry stop