英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀
英语音标表发音规律记忆口诀
一、尝试用“胸腔辅助送力---—口腔后部发声法”背诵念读26个英文字母,感觉学习标准发音,直到感觉音准,流利,升降调式自如为止。
印刷体:大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 小写 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
手写体倾斜:(注意四线格占格要求)
大写 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
[ i: /si: /di: / i: /e i:e l /e m /e n / /pi://k /B: /e s /ti: /i: /dQ bl /e ks /w /zi:]
二、英语26个字母和常见字母组合的一般发音规律:(要求熟记于心,脱口而出)
总口诀: 元音字母音多变,熟记规则也不难。辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。 字母组合固定音,千锤百炼习语感。遇见生词找规律,划分音节顺口连, 元音字母在中间,辅音字母两边站,字母组合算一个,熟能生巧难亦简。
辅音字母发音小口诀:辅音字母显易单,见面就把音来念。
b 发[b ], c发[k ], ci(y) ce多发[s ]; 例词:blue, table, Crisp, class, picture, actor, pen d 发[d ], f [f ], g发[g ] [dV ], [V ]少见; Sandy, dog, red, fly, coffee, green, egg, orange, garage
h [h ], j发[dV ], k / l [k ] [l ]可分连; her, here, his, jeep, Japan, book, look, blue, Klan class
m [m ], n [n ][N ], p [p ] q [k ] r 发[r ]; meet, am, no, green, tha, Elish, pen, cap, ickly, Crisp,
s 最多[s ]和[z ], 趋唇[F ] [V ]也常见; sir, this, sit, is, his, who, F ], u lly[V ], plea
x 发音剪头端,[ks ]多于[gz ]面; six, pencil-box, excuse, exercise; exam, (后接重读元音)
t 发[t ], v 发[v ], w 辅音[w ]来念; teacher, it, very, voice, river, with, swim, wash, 最后一个字母z ,发好[z ]音才算完。zoo, zero, size, puzzle,
三、音节、音节的结构和类型、音节划分、音节重音和拼读:
1. 音节就是英文单词字母(或发音) 的排列单位,一个单位算一节。连读起来轻重缓急,流利有节奏,便于听说阅读。
2. 音节的结构、类型:口诀: 完全结构头中尾(音头/音中/音尾) ,元音字母占中央(包含组合) ,缺头少尾有开闭(音节) ,e 尾/成音/r音节。
开音节/闭音节:以元音或不发音的e 结尾的叫开音节,以辅音结尾的是闭音节。
开音节(词) :[以开音节结尾] a, area, tea, by, day, no, boy, buy, grey, ba*by, ru*ler, rub*ber, fa*ther, the, she, we, he, bee, ta*ble, ap*ple, name, bi*cy*cle, banana, orange, some,
闭音节(词) :bas*ket, bag, cap, class, miss, cross, rain, ti*red, bed, red, yes, egg, sit, it, begin(开始), hot, not, boat, boil(沸腾,煮沸,激动), cup, sun, cut, put, but, mutton(羊肉), meet, woman,
r 音节:元音字母(a e i o u) + r构成的独立的音节,也可以前后加辅音字母共同构成音节。
例如:far(远的), arm, er (嗯~), her, tea*cher, ru*ler, sir, girl, stir(轰动, 激起), or, for(为了,对于,因为,适合), short, fur(毛皮), turn, // ar•ti •cle(文章), or •der (命令, 定购, 定制;次序, 顺序, 秩序), ur•gent (急迫的, 紧急的), ur•ban (城市的, 市内的),
成音节: 辅音字母(有时跟不发音/弱化音的元音字母) + l, m, n, (常常带有不发音的e) 可算作一个音节。
例如:la •bel ((贴) 标签), pu•pil, pen•cil [sl ], ta•ble, bi•cy •cle, lit•tle
[tl ], ap•ple [pl ],
peo •ple,
3. 划分音节口诀: 音节中心看母音,辅音要向两边站。中心之间辅音连,
一靠后, 二分手;多个中间偏左右,字母组合算一个(音) 。多音节尾 -l -m –n(e),前有辅音成音节。
例子:学会一眼识破音节数目,运用语音规则,做到见字读音。 闭音节:pen [pen ], cap [kAp ], bas*ket [`bB:skit], gree n [gri:n], boo k [buk ], and [And ], t [i:t], 开音节:he [hi:], she [Fi:], tea [ti:],my [mai ], tea •ch er [`ti:tFE], rea •dy
[`redi], Ju•ly [`dVu(:)lai],
ru •l [`ru:lE], hhE:], 成音节: ta •ble [`teibl ], ap•ple [pl], bot•tle [tl], mid•dle [dl], bi•cy •cle
[`baisikl], pen•cil [sl],
se •ven [`sevn], e•le •ven [i `lev(E)n],
不发音的e 尾:come [kQm ], plea se [pli:z], whose [hu:z], nice [nais ], name
[neim ], give [giv ],(开音节的外形,多读长音。)
4. 单词重音(重音符号ˊ):双音节和多音节词中常常重读一个音节,其它
读轻音。遇到生词,有音标当然省事,但在无音标的情况下,至于哪个音节要重读,由于英语词源、构词、例外情况等诸多因素限制,不可能将每个生词读的完全无误。只能掌握的一般规律:
为了顺口有节奏,张口由大变到小(省气力) ,大口/长音多重读,
还要保持身平衡(整个单词发音) ,特别写法长又多(特别是写法很长的多音节词) ,倒数第三多琢磨。(一般是) 前轻---中重----后又轻。哪儿平顺哪(儿) 读重。 一般具体做法是:① 单音节都重读;这类单词很多。例如:meet, and, class, which, house, bread
② 双音节词 ▲ (发长音或大口音重读, 这类单词很多,例如:`teacher
[`ti:tFE], `ruler [`ru:lE], `basket [`bB:skit], `apple [`Apl], `table [`teibl], ▲ (两音平(音长和张口大小接近的) 开头重读; 这类单词很多,例如:`rubber, `Sandy, `sandwich, `pencil, `brother, woman, `sister, `ready, `hungry, `very, `busy, `picture, `listen, `Betty, `empty, `pretty, clever [`klevE], letter [ `letE],
▲ (带前后缀多词根重读。例如:a`gain, a`loud, a`sleep, be`gin, be`fore, be`side, be`hind, /`quickly, `friendship, `boyish, `building,
④ 多音节词倒数第三个元音字母(音节) 重读。带前后缀多词根重读。
例如:`Italy,(I`talian), A`merican, `beautiful, natio`nality, `exercise, `chocolate, `newspaper, // suddenly, inter`national, `championship, `countable, `interesting, mechano`therapy (力学疗法),
③ 合成词保持开头单词的重音:例如:policeman, `pencil-box, `football, `ice-cream, `classroom, `schoolboy, `postman, `milkman, `tea-pot, `Jack-in-the-box, `hide-and-`seek, `snakes-and-`ladders,
◆ 小测试:给下列单词划分音节, 并拼读出来。(单音节词下划线,多音节词用
竖线分割。)
1). yes, here, sorry, yellow, football, brother, woman, sister, hungry, very, thirsty, busy, tired, picture, quickly, evening, empty, children, school, funny, actress, policewoman, open, clever, heavy, banana, 2) . exercise, beautiful, thick, light, small, French, German, English, Italian, American, letter, mother, street, colour, locker, dirty, towel, our, lady, twins. sandwich, duster, hurry, headmaster,
playground, 3). upstairs, perhaps, asleep, today, holiday, animal, lollipop, instead, biscuit, chocolate, minute, fine, shell, gate, near, under, newspaper, silly, beside, behind, between, together, attention, laugh, matter, 4). face, ear, aeroplane, goal, trousers, knife, chimney, water, make, turn, piece, easy, course, watch, basin, hopscotch, game, throw, stone, window, telescope, across, into, happen, present, birthday,
◆ 注意:这语音方面的技能需要在下面不断练习,我们可以把教材里的单词多多练习。一
有时间就拿起教材进行训练。天长日久,会取得你满意的效果。