仁爱八上英语知识点
仁爱八上英语知识点
【重点短语】
Unit 1
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9. be going to do sth. 打算做某事 play against 与…打比赛 cheer sb. on 为某人加油 prefer … to … =like …better than … (后跟V-ing形式) 相对于…更喜欢… practice doing sth. 练习做某事 finish doing sth. 练习做某事 spend …doing sth. 花费…做某事 grow up 长大,成长 in the future 将来
10. be good at=do well in 擅长
11. be good/bad for 对…有好处/害处
12. the day after tomorrow 后天
13. all over the world=in the world 全世界
14. keep fit/healthy 保持健康
15. leave for 前往
16. be famous for 以…而闻名
17. be popular with 在…中受欢迎
18. mind (not) doing sth. 介意(不要)做某事
19. pass sb. sth.=pass sth. to sb. 递某物给某人
20. help sb.=do sb. a favor=give sb. a hand 帮助某人
21. do well in=be good at 擅长,在…方面好
22. shout at sb. 对某人大声说
23. do/try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事
24. learn teamwork 学会配合
25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气
26. talk about 谈论
27. invent---inventor---invention 发明(发明家、发明物)
28. come into being 形成
29. boys’ relay race 男子接力赛
30. stand for 代表
31. at least 至少
32. regard …as … 把…看作…
33. have fun doing sth. 做某事开心
34. with one’s help=with the help of sb. 在…的帮助下
35. say sorry to sb. 对…说抱歉
36. the high/long jump 跳高/跳远
37. a pair of running shoes 一双运动鞋
38. success---successful---successfully----succeed 成功、成功的、成功地、成
功
39. take part in 参加(活动)join 加入(组织)
40. excited 兴奋的(修饰人)
exciting 令人兴奋的(修饰物)
41. see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(经常做)
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事(正在做)
42. hundreds of 成百上千的
thousands of 成千上万的
millions of 数百万的
Unit 2
1. have a toothache/headache/stomachache/cold 牙痛/头痛/胃痛/感冒
2. have the flu 患流感
3. take some medicine 吃药
4. day and night 日日夜夜
5. should /shouldn’t do sth. 应该/不应该做某事
6. had better (not) do sth. 最好(不要)做某事
7. follow the doctor’s advice 遵照医生的建议
8. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人(不要)做某事
tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事
9. stay up 熬夜
10. give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事
11. do more exercise 多锻炼
12. do morning exercises 做早操
13. go to school without breakfast 不吃早餐上学
14. be good/bad for 对…有益/害
15. be necessary for 对…必要
16. force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
17. as soon as 一…就…
18. as soon as possible 尽快
19. keep/stay away from 远离
20. build sb. up 增强某人体质
21. brush one’s teeth twice a day 一天刷牙两次
22. ring sb. up =call sb. up 打电话给某人
23. don’t forget to do sth. 别忘记做某事
24. do some cleaning 打扫卫生
25. healthy eating habits 健康的饮食习惯
26. look after =take care of 照顾
27. ask for three days’ leave 请三天的假
28. right away=at once=in a minute 立刻,马上
29. a number of 许多(动词用复数,are)
The number of …的数量(动词用单数,is)
Unit 3
1. be interested in 对…感兴趣
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9. like/love/enjoy doing sth.=be fond of doing sth. 喜欢做某事 prefer …to …=like…better than …(后跟V-ing形式) maybe=perhaps 也许,可能 collect stamps 收集邮票 go swimming 去游泳 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 decide to do sth. 决定做某事 play the guitar/piano/violin/drums 弹钢琴/吉它/拉小提琴/打鼓 be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
10. provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
11. whether …or not 是否
12. It’s hard to say. 很难说
13. not…at all 根本不
14. be famous for 因…而出名
15. at the age of 在…岁时
16. be popular with/among 在…中受欢迎
17. in one’s free/spare time 在某人的空闲时间
18. in the world=all over the world 全世界
19. at this time yesterday 昨天的这个时候
20. hold the line=hold on=wait a moment 请稍等
21. chat with sb. 与…聊天
22. agree with sb. 同意某人意见
23. in a low voice 低声说
24. on the morning of the new year 在新年的早上
Unit 4
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9. think about 思考,考虑 enjoy the beauty of nature 享受大自然美景 both …and … …和…都…,两者都 share…with … 与…分享 be important to/for 对…重要 different kinds of 不同种类的 play an important part in doing sth. 在做某事中扮演重要角色 die out 灭绝,消亡 smaller and smaller 越来越小
10. feed on 以…为食
11. in danger 处于危险之中
12. protect …from… 保护…免受…的伤害
13. ask sb. for help 请求某人帮助
14. in the middle of 在…的中间
15. stay calm 保持冷静
16. turn on 打开
turn off 关闭
turn up 调高
turn down 调低
17. be able to 能
18. face to face 面对面
19. find out the information 找出信息
20. in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代
21. be sure 确信
【重点句子必背】
Unit 1
1. Would you like to come and cheer us on? 你愿意来为我们加油吗?
Sure, I’d love to. 当然,我很愿意。
2. I hope our team will win. 我希望我们队会赢。
I’m sure/believe we will win. 我相信我们会赢。
3. Which sport do you prefer, swimming or rowing? 你更喜欢哪一项运动,游泳还是划船?
I prefer rowing. 我更喜欢划船。
4. We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 明天我要前往北京。
5. What are you going to be when you grow up? 我长大了想做什么?
I’m going to be a scientist when I grow up. 我长大了想当一名科学家。
6. There will be a school sports meet next weekend. =There is going to be a school sports meet next weekend. 下周将有一场校运会。
7. She is going to take part in the high jump and the long jump. 她将要参加跳高和跳远比赛。
8. What are you going to do tomorrow afternoon? 明天下午你打算做什么?
I’m going to play basketball. 我准备打篮球。
9. We should learn teamwork. 我们应该学会配合。
10. Could you help me, please? 你能帮助我吗?
=Could you give me a hand, please? =Could you do me a favor, please?
Sure. What is it? 当然,什么事?
11. Will you join us? 你愿意加入到我们当中吗?
I’d be glad to. 我很愿意。
Will you take part in the school sports meet? 你愿意参加校运会吗?
Of course I will. 我当然愿意。
12. Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介意(不要)做某事吗?
Not at all./Of course not. 根本不/当然不。
Would you mind not throwing litter around? 你介意不要乱丢垃圾吗?
Sorry, I won’t do it again. 对不起,我再也不会了。
13. Could you please (not) do sth.? 请你做某事,好吗?
14. I’m sorry for what I said. 我为我所说的话道歉。
It’s nothing./It doesn’t matter./Never mind. 没关系。
15. I’ll try/do my best to learn English well. 我将尽我最大的努力学好英语。
16. Edison was an inventor. He invented over 1000 inventions in his life. 爱迪生是一个发明家,他一生中发明了1000多项发明。
17. It’s my first time to take part in the high jump. 这是我第一次参加跳高比赛。
18. When and where shall we meet? 我们何时何地见面?
Let’s make it at half past six at my house.
Unit 2
1. What’s wrong with you? 你怎么啦?
=What’s the matter with you?
I have a toothache. 我牙痛。
I’m sorry to hear that. 听了我很难过。
What’s wrong with him? 他怎么啦?
He has the flu. 他患流感。
2. How long have you been like this? 你像这样有多久了?
I have been like this for two days. 两天了。
3. You’d better take some medicine. Three times a day after meals. 你最好吃些药。饭后服,一天三次。
4. You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息。
You should brush your teeth twice a day. 你应该一天刷牙两次。
You shouldn’t eat too many candies/too much candy. 你不应该吃太多的糖。
5. I’d like to ask for three days’ leave. 我想请三天的假。
6. I must ask him to give up smoking.=I must ask him to stop smoking. 我必须叫她戒烟。
7. Staying up late is bad for your health. 熬夜对你的健康有害。
8. You should go to bed early and you’ll feel better tomorrow. 你应该早点睡觉,你明天就会感觉好多了。
9. You mustn’t read in the sun. 禁止在阳光下看书。=Don’t read in the sun.
10. May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的单车吗?
Sure, but you shouldn’t lend it to others. 但你不能借给别人。
How long can I keep it? 我可以借多久?
For one day. 一天。
11. Breakfast will keep you active during the day. 早餐将使你白天保持活力。
12. May I ask you some questions? 我可能问你一些问题吗?
Sure, go ahead. 当然,开始吧!
13. We should keep our rooms clean and the air fresh all the time. 我们应该保持房间干净,让空气一直保持新鲜。
14. We should keep away from crowded places. 我们应该远离人多的地方。
15. Could I speak to …? 请找…接电话,好吗?
I’m afraid he is busy right now. 恐怕他现在很忙。
16. Please tell my father not to forget the talk tomorrow afternoon. 请告诉我爸爸不要忘记明天下午的讲话。
17. We should say no to smoking and drinking. 我们应该拒绝烟酒。
18. May I …? 我可以…吗?
No, you can’t/mustn’t. 不,你不能。
19. Must I …? 我必须…吗?
No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不,你不必。
Unit 3
1. What do you often do in your free time? 在你的空闲时间,你经常做什么?
I often go fishing. 我经常去钓鱼。
2. What’s your hobby? 你的爱好是什么?
My hobby is listening to music. 我的爱好是听音乐。
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动呢?
Sounds good/great/wonderful! 听起来很好!
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7. I used to collect baseball cards. But now I am interested in playing the guitar. We can learn a lot about history and people from stamps. 我们能从邮票中What sweet music! 多甜美的音乐啊! 我过去常常收集棒球卡片,但我现在对弹吉它感兴趣。 学到很多关于历史和人物的事物。
What good/bad weather! 多好/坏的天气啊!
How beautiful the music sounds! 音乐听起来多动听啊!
8. What kind of music do you like? 你喜欢什么音乐?
It’s hard to say. I used to enjoy pop music, but now I like folk music. 很难说。我过去喜爱流行音乐,但现在我喜欢民歌。
9.
么?
I was taking a shower. 我正在洗澡。
11. Were you playing computer games at five yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午五点你正在玩电脑游戏吗?
Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t. 是的,我是。/不,我不是。
11. They were doing their homework when the teacher came in. 当老师进来时,他们正在做作业。
12. I agree with you. 我同意你。
I think so. 我认为是这样。
I don’t agree with you. 我不同意你。
I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。
13. Hold on, please.=Hold the line, please. =Wait/Just a moment, please. 请稍等。 Pop music comes and goes quickly. 流行音乐来去匆匆。 10. What were you doing at this time yesterday? 昨天的这个时候你正在做什What hobbies did you use to have? 你过去有什么爱好? Why not go out and do some outdoor activities? 为什么不出去做一些课外活I used to do some shopping on the Internet. 我过去常常在网上购物。 Unit 4
1. People can enjoy the beauty of nature in the countryside. 在农村,人们可以享受到大自然的美景。
2. Which do you like better, plants or animals? 植物还是动物,你喜欢哪一样? I like animals better. 我更喜欢动物。
3. I think roses are the nicest/the most beautiful of all the flowers. 我认为玫瑰花是所有花中最好/漂亮的。
4. As we know, they are both important to us. We should share the same world with them. 众所周知,他们对我们都重要,我们应该与他们一起分享同一个世界。
5. Computers play an important part in our daily lives. 电脑在我们的日常生活中扮演
着重要的角色。
6. Rainforests are becoming smaller and smaller. 热带雨林正变得越来越少。
7. How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake? 我们怎样才能保护我们自己免受地震的伤害呢?
I think the most important thing is to stay calm. 我认为最重要的事情是保持冷静。
8. With the help of the whole nation, people in Wenchuan are rebuilding their homes now and they are returning to normal life. 在整个国家的帮助下,汶川人民正在重建他们的家园,他们又返回到了正常的生活。
9. The Internet makes our world smaller. 因特网使我们的世界变得更小。
10. I’m sure the Internet will become more and more important to us. 我相信因特网对我们变得越来越重要。
11. I can chat with friends face to face on the Internet. 在网上,我可以面对面与朋友聊天。
12. The Internet makes our lives more interesting. We can get all kinds of information on the Internet and share it with others. 因特网使我们的生活更有趣,我们可以在网上获取各种各样的信息,与别人分享。
13. We can do some shopping, listen to music, watch movies, study, watch news, chat with friends on the Internet. 我们可以在网上购物、听音乐、看电影、学习、看新闻和朋友聊天。
14. Some people use the Internet to hurt others and try to get money by cheating. 一些人使用因特网伤害别人,通过欺骗的方式骗钱。
【语法必会】
1. 反身代词:表示“自己”,用oneself表示。
(1) enjoy oneself=have fun=have a good time 玩得高兴;
(2) look after oneself=take care of oneself 照顾自己;
(3) help yourself to … 随便吃…(单数)
Help yourselves to … 随便吃…(复数)
(4) teach oneself=learn …by oneself 自学
(5) hurt oneself 伤着自己
(6) all by oneself 独自
(7) lose oneself in 沉迷于
2. 情态动词用法
(1) 基本用法:后跟动词原形,否定句在其后加not, 一般疑问句把情态动词提前。
(2) 常见情况动词有:can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would, must, need等。
(3) May I …? No, you can’t/mustn’t.
(4) Must I …? No, you needn’t/don’t have to.
(5) should 应该,shouldn’t 不应该
(6) had better do sth. 最好做某事
had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事
(7) used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
否定:… didn’t use to do sth.
疑问:Did …use to do sth?
Yes, …did. /No, …didn’t.
There used to be … 过去常常用…
(8) 表猜测:
must 肯定, may/might 可能, can’t 不可能
(9) have to 必须,不得不(有人称,时态和数的变化:单三:has to, 过去式:had to) 否定:…don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to …
疑问:Do/Does/Did … have to …?
(10) must与have to的区别
must: 表示主观;have to: 表示客观
3. 感叹句
(1) 构成:
What + (a/an) + adj. + n. +(主+谓)!
How + adj./adv. +主+谓!
(2) 陈述句变感叹句
一断二去三加四换五感叹!
4. 形容词的比较等级
(1) 比较级、最高级的构成:
A.规则变化:
a. 一般加er/est;
b. 以e结尾的,加r/st;
c. 以“辅+y”结尾,变y为ier/iest;
d. 一辅重读闭音节,双写末尾辅音字母,加er/est.
e. 多音节词在前面加more/most.
B.不规则变化
坏病:bad/badly/ill---worse---worst
两多:many/much---more---most
两好:good/well----better----best
小的:little----less-----least
旧的:old----older-----older
年长的:old----elder----eldest
远的:far---farther/further---farthest/furthest
(2)基本用法:
原级:so, as, too, very(无比较)
比较级:than, a little, much, even(两者比较)
最高级:in, of(三者或三者以上比较)
形容词最高级前必须有定冠词the.
(3)比较等级常用句型
a. 比较级+and+比较级 表示“越来越…”(单音节词)(适用于加er的单词)
more and more +多音节形容词 表示“越来越…”(适用于比较级加more的单词) b. the +比较级,the +比较级 表示“越…,越…”。如:The more, the better. 越多越好。 The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙,他越快乐。
c. 最高级=比较级+than +any other +名词单数
如:He is the tallest student in our class.=He is taller than any other student in our class.
d. the +比较级+of the two 表示“两者中较…的一个”。
e. 如果比较对象相同,可用that(单数名词或不可名词)或those(复数名词)代替第二个比较对象。如:
The weather in Guangzhou is hotter than that in Beijing. 广州的天气比北京的天气热。 f. as …as … 表示“与…一样”
not as/so …as … 表示“与…不一样”
g. 当某一事物与其他事物作比较时,被比较事物中不能包括本身。如:
Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.
Shanghai is larger than any city in Japan.
5. 时态对比
A. 一般将来时
(1) 概念:表示将来某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
(2) 构成:a. be going to do sth. 打算做某事
b. will/shall +动词原形(shall只用于第一人称)
(3) 常用时间状语:tomorrow, later, soon, in the future, next (week, month, …), in five days, in 2050等。
(4) 否定句:a. 在 am, is, are后加not; b. 在will, shall后加not(will not=won’t, shall not=shan’t).
一般疑问句:a. 把is, are提前,把I am改为Are you…? b. 把will, shall提前。
(5) 位移动词(come, go, fly, leave等)常用现在进行时表示将来。
(6) There be句型的将来时:
There will be … 或There is/are going to be …将有…
否定句:There won’t be …或There isn’t/are going to be …
一般疑问句:Will there be …?
Yes, there will./No, there won’t.
Is/Are there going to be …?
Yes, there is/are./No, there isn’t/aren’t.
(7) 表示按计划要发生的事,在时间和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。
B. 过去进行时
(1) 概念:表示过去某人时间或某段时间正在进行的动作或过去某段时间内地直持续进行的动作。
(2) 构成:was /were + V-ing
(3) 常用时间状语:
a. at that time (在那时),at this time yesterday(昨天的这个时候),at 10:00 yesterday morning (昨天上午10:00),from 8:00 to 10:00 last night(昨天8点至10点)
b. when 与while
(4)过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
He wrote a letter yesterday evening. (信写完了)
He was writing a letter yesterday evening. (信不一定写完)
C. 现在进行时:表示现在正在发生的动作。
构成:am/is/are +Ving
标志词:Look! Listen! Now/at the moment等。
D. 一般现在时:表示经常发生的事。
构成:主语+动词原形或三单+ …
标志词:频率副词或表示频率的词组(always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, once a week, twice a day, three times a year, every day, how often等)
E. 一般过去时:表示过去发生的事。
构成:主语+动词过去式+…
标志词:yesterday, last …, …ago, in 2008, just now, in the past等。