英语文献摘要文献
The evaluation of walking stability has played an important role in clinical medicine for long time. Nowadays, the related study has developed for more than 200
years, however, the most application only can be used in hospital and library. Along
with the progress of society, and the improvement of people’s living standard and
health consciousness, people pay more attention to their own health and the quality of
life day by day. So the effective methods of assessing balance are needed.
In this study, a walking stability assessment system with a tri-axial accelerometer
has been developed. The core of the device is microcontroller. The design adopts a
wireless system transmitting the sampled data to computer. It can be used in all those
applications, like rehabilitation and sports medicine, where the freedom for subject’s
movement is a constraint for the test. The sample applications are presented in which
a quantitative assessment of stabilization in the healthy people was examined. It is
proved that the design is effective to assess people’s walking stability.
On account of the character that the vestibular organ which feel the acceleration
signal has play an important role on balance, the tests were designed to acquire the
acceleration signal of different movements. Based on the original data analysis, the
relation between the acceleration and balance state can be revealed.
It was showed that the curve and periodicity of the acceleration signal play an
important part in balance. The factors such as the acceleration signal amplitude,
frequency, the distribution of the process step, and the step velocity also can be used
as basis to assess the balance. The success of the system design and preliminary
results will laid the foundation fr the further clinical application.
KEY WORDS : Accelerometer, Walking stability, Σ-Δ ADC , Wireless
transmission,
人们很早就认识到运动平衡能力的评估在临床医疗中有很重要的意义。到目前为止,相关研究已经进行了 200 年。但目前大部分设备还主要应用于医院或是实验室,无法对日常生活中的平衡能力进行准确的评估。随着社会进步,人们的生活水平和健康意识的不断提高,人们日益关注自身的健康和生活质量,因而迫切的需要一种有效的方法来评估自身的平衡能力。本文开发了一种基于三轴向加速度传感器的人体平衡检测系统,采用三轴向直线加速度传感器获取人体运动信息,以单片机为控制核心,采用无线传输方式将采集到的数据传输到 PC 机上,适于检测处于自由运动情况下的对象,因此可以被广泛的应用于康复医学和运动医学。针对前庭器官感受到的加速度信号对人体平衡有重要影响这一特点入手,设计实验采集不同运动状态下的加速度信号。通过对原始数据进行分析,探讨了加速度与平衡状态的关系。实践证明,加速度信号的曲线以及周期性与运动平衡状态有较明显的关系,可以作为判断平衡能力的依据,加速度信号的幅值、频率分布范围以及运动过程中的步长、步速等则可以作为平衡能力评估的辅助依据。该系统的成功设计及初步的实验结果无疑为进一步的临床应用奠定了基础。
关键词: 加速度、平衡测量、Σ-Δ型 ADC、无线传输
As a rapid developing and an important high technical field these years, Robot, by
showing itself and its development, has totally transformed the traditional industry
production. The main idea of this article is: enabling operators to directly control the robot
hands via operating data glove, by using serial port communication technique and
synchronous technology, based on robot hands, data glove and RS-232 serial line.
Most traditional robot hand control software control robot’s movement by sending
commands to the certain computer by operator, which is very complicated control method
and not intuitional, operators have to be trained aforehand and there is a high requirement
for them. The method discussed here is: operators can ware the data glove, which is
connected to certain computer, to control the robot directly, and a virtual scenario operating
will generated on the computer. The operation is simple, intuitional, and need no training
for operator aforehand, and also, with low requirement for operator, who can easily realize
real-time and accurate control of robot.
First, a compare of the advantage and disadvantage of the application of ActiveX
Component and the Windows API Communication Function is conducted in this article,
MSComm of the Windows API Communication Function has been chosen for the
developing of the robot hand serial port communication software and the control protocol
of robot hand in this subject has been designed by the data rules discovered by large
amount of experiments and synthesizing the common rules of communication protocol.
Second, there will be an integration of the data glove and the robot controlling
software, synthetically using synchronization technique to realize the real-time and accurate
control of the robot hand by the data glove.
After that, Object Oriented technique has been applied to this paper and to improve the expanding ability of robot control software. Finally, based on the original model developed by the theory discussed above, and
with testing, analyzing and improvement of the original model , the anticipative goal had been reached.
Keywords: Object-Oriented Communication Protocol Robot Controlling Software Design
机器人是近年来迅速发展的一个重要的高技术领域,机器人的出现及发展,已使传统工业生产的面貌发生了根本的变化。本文研究的主要内容是:以机械手、数据手套和 RS-232 串口线为基础,利用串口通信技术和同步技术,操作者可以直接通过操纵数据手套来控制机械手。传统的机械手控制软件大多采用的是:操作者通过向计算机发送命令来控制机器人的运动,这种控制操作复杂且很不直观,操作者要事先进行培训,对操作者要求较高;而在本课题中采用的形式是:操作者戴上数据手套通过计算机,直接来控制机器人,并且在计算机上有生成的虚拟场景辅助操作,操作简单、直观,操作者事先不需要进行培训,对操作者要求较低,操作者可以很容易的对机器人实时、准确的控制。首先,分析比较ActiveX控件和Windows API通信函数的优势和劣势,选取了ActiveX控件中的MSComm方法开发出了机械手串口通信程序,并通过大量试验设计了基于MINI SERVO Explorer机械手通信协议。其次,把数据手套和机械手程序整合在一起,运用同步技术使数据手套能够实时、准确的控制机械手。接着,把面向对象技术应用到本课题中来,增强了机器人控制软件中的扩增能力。最后,根据上面的理论基础开发出了原型系统,并对原型系统进行测试、分析、改进,达到了预期的目标。
关键词:面向对象 通信协议 机器人控制 软件设计
Abstract The thesis puts forward a gas detector based on spectral analysis technology and embedded
technology, and this gas detector adopts Multi-spot measure technology, which gets over Random error
availably and advances measuring accuracy. Firstly, The thesis dissertates the measuring principle of the gas
detector, and introduces the manufacture flow of the gas sensor based on porphyrin molecule array. Secondly,
The thesis introduces the gross structure design of the gas detector, and dissertates the optical measurement
system, the gas current road system, the gauge head precision machinery transmission localization system, the
embedded hardware control system and the data processing analysis and controlling software system. Lastly,
The thesis analyses the measuring error of the gas detector.
Key words Gas-detecting Spectral analysis Multi-spot measure array Embedded technology
摘要 提出了一种基于光谱分析技术和嵌入式技术的毒气检测系统,该系统采用了多点测量的技术方案,有效克服了随机
误差,提高了检测精度。论述了检测仪的测量原理,介绍了基于卟啉分子阵列的气敏传感器的制作流程和检测仪的总体结
构设计,并重点介绍了光学测量系统、毒气流路系统、测头精密机械传动定位系统、嵌入式硬件控制系统和数据处理分析
与控制软件系统,最后分析了仪器的测量误差。
关键词 毒气检测 光谱分析 多点测量 阵列 嵌入式技术
Abstract:Porphyrin complexes become ideal models for the study of porphyrin sensors because of exceHent properties of light sensitivity,chemical stability,easy modification,especially for that very a little of fluctuate call
be monitored and be determinated either in the spectroscopy methods of UV,IR,fluorescence,phosphorescence and Laman,or in elctroanalytical method conveniently.New research progress of porphyrin oxygen sensor,
porphyrin C02sensor,porphyrin chlofid sensor,perphyrin biosensor and other perphyrin$engors is introduced and the development of perphyrin sensors is prospected.
Key words:porphyrin;porphyrin sensor;perphyrin oxygen sensor;porphyrin biosensor
摘要:卟啉类化合物因为光敏性好、性能稳定、易于修饰,采用紫外、红外、荧光、磷光、拉曼等光谱技术和电化学方法都可以检测到它的微小变化,成为传感器研究的理想模型化合物。介绍了卟啉氧传感器、卟啉二氧化碳传感器、卟啉氯化物传感器、卟啉生物传感器和卟啉其他传感器的研究进展,提出了卟啉传感器的发展方向。
关键词:卟啉;卟啉传感器;卟啉氧传感器;卟啉生物传感器
Abstract A technical scheme for micro detector against trace toxic gas is proposed in the paper. First the system
can detect tricolor by the colored CCD after the toxic gas and porphyrin compounds interact each other, embedded
software and hardware control systems whose hardcore is ARM9 S3C2410, so the trace gas can be detected
exactly. The system synthetically use 36 kinds of sensitive substances to measure concentration .In this way, the
system can effectively reduce random errors created by single ones. This system has many characteristics such as
small volume, little weight, simple cooperation, fast detection speed, higher ratio of performance and price, and so
on.
Key words tricolor porphyrin colored CCD Embedded system
摘 要 提出了一种针对微量有毒气体(如沙林)的微型检测仪的技术方案。该系统用彩色CCD 检测毒气与多种金属卟啉化
合物作用后的三基色信息,嵌入以ARM9 S3C2410 为核心的软硬件控制处理系统,可实现对微量气体的准确检测。用36 种
敏感物质综合测量,有效地减少了用单个敏感物质检测带来的随机误差。该系统具有体积小,质量轻,操作简单,检测速度 快,性价比高等特点。
关键词 三基色 卟啉 彩色CCD 嵌入式系统
[Abstract] ObjectiveTo explore the colectomy based on pressure measurement of intelligent capsule to
treat the intractable transmission of chronic constipation.MethodsThirty-one transmission of chronic con-
stipation patients who measured up the Rome Standard III of constipation without organic constipation, in-
effective medical therapy more than 3 years and with strong surgical desire were selected in the experi-
ment. The intelligent capsule for measurement of colon pressure was taken orally synchronously with colon
transportation test before surgery and half year after surgery. Way of surgery: left half colon excision were
made if resident time in left half colon of 80% radiopaque particles was more than 72h or 50% of the total
residence time or colon spleen song syndrome or longer resident time in left half colon detected by intelli-
gent capsule or the amplitude of LAPCs and HAPCs was 50% less than those in right half colon. Right
half colon excision were made if resident time in right half colon of 80% radiopaque particles was more than
72h or 50% of the total resident time or the amplitude of LAPCs and HAPCs was 50% less than those in
left half colon. Subtotal colectomy were made if colon transportation test time was more than 120h or the
total colon pressure wave decreased obviously detected by the digestive tract pressure measurement or the
time of HPACs was less than 6 times/day. Pancolectomy plus bowel resection of rectal were made if colo transportation test time was more than 168h or duodenocecal transit time was more than 24h or the total
colon pressure wave decreased obviously detected by the digestive tract pressure measurement or the time
of HPACs was less than 2 times/day. Sixteen patients were treated with traditional celiotomy and 15 pa-
tients were treated with laparoscopy.ResultsThe total resident time of intelligent capsule, colonic transit
time, cluster wave of HAPCs, the average contact amplitude and the corresponding physiologic ratio of be-
fore surgery all differed statistically compared with those half year after surgery. There were no statistic
difference between the number of HAPCs and LAPCs. The colonic transit time were statistically shortened
after surgery. Compared with the traditional surgery group, the Laparoscopy group showed less incidence
rate in postoperative intestinal adhesion and intestinal obstruction as well as better improvement of postop-
erative constipation. Three early postoperative patients underwent the pancolectomy operation had severe
diarrhea.ConclusionThe surgery treating resistant slow transmission constipation was effective. There
were some instructive meaning of colon pressure wave measurement and colon transportation test for the
selection of surgical ways. The pancolectomy operation was expected to become the standard surgery
method for slow transmission constipation because it has smaller trauma and less postoperative complica-
tions compared with the traditional operation.
[Key words] Slow transmission constipation; Colon pressure; Colectomy
[摘要] 目的 探讨智能胶囊结肠压力测定对慢传输便秘术式及疗效的评价作用。方法 符合罗马III诊断标准、排除器质
性便秘、内科治疗3年以上不缓解、有强力手术意愿的慢传输便秘患者31例,术前及术后半年同步口服智能胶囊结肠压力测
定和结肠运输试验。术前检查结果决定手术方式:80%的不透X线颗粒在左半结肠停留超过72 h,或大于总时间的50%,结
肠脾曲综合征,智能胶囊结肠压力测定左半结肠停留时间长、压力低幅传输波(low amplitude propagated contractions,
LAPCs)及高幅传输波(high amplitude propagated contractions, HAPCs)少于右半结肠50%者行左半结肠切除;80%的不透
X线颗粒在右半结肠停留超过72 h,或大于总时间的50%,LAPCs及HAPCs少于左半结肠的50%者行右半结肠切除;结肠
运输试验时间>120 h,消化道压力测定为全结肠压力波明显减少,HPACs少于6次/d者行结肠次全切除;结肠运输时间>
168小时,小肠通过时间>24 h,消化道压力测定为全结肠压力波明显减少,HAPCs
16例行传统剖腹手术,15例行腹腔镜手术。结果 31例均恢复出院,术后便秘改善明显改善,术后半年与术前比较智能胶囊
的在体总时间、结肠通过时间及群发HAPCs、平均收缩幅度及生理相应比差异有统计学意义,但HAPCs及LAPCs数差异无
统计学意义,结肠传输时间术后显著少于术前。腹腔镜手术组和传统手术组相比,术后肠粘连及肠梗阻发生率明显减少,3例
全结肠切除术者术后早期腹泻明显。结论 智能胶囊结肠压力波测定对手术方式选择有一定的指导意义,腹腔镜较传统手
术创伤小、并发症少,有望成为慢传输便秘治疗的标准术式。
[关键词] 慢传输便秘;压力测定;手术
Abstract:A remote controlled capsule(RCC)micro-system with a color—based sensor that could automatically
identify and localize the HS of the gastrointestinal(GI)tract Was described.In vitro test on the detecting sensor
demonstrated that it Was capable of discriminating between the mimetic intestinal fluid(MIF)with the hemoglobin
(Hb)and the one without,as the concentration of the Hb in MIF exceed 0.05 g/mL.
Key words:smart capsule;intestinal bleeding;color sensor;bio-MEMS
摘要:提出了一种能够自动识别肠道出血灶并定位的智能电子胶囊微系统方案,设计了肠道出血智能
检测胶囊和基于颜色传感器的肠道出血检测传感器,在离体状态下对肠道出血检测传感器进行了原理性
实验。结果表明:当模拟肠液中血红蛋白浓度超过0.059/mL时,该传感器能将其与无血红蛋白模拟肠液
区分开。
关键词:智能胶囊;肠道出血;颜色传感器;bio.MEMS