15种中草药抗烟草花叶病毒活性的研究
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15种中草药抗烟草花叶病毒活性的研究 作者：徐晓庆等
来源：《安徽农业科学》2014年第06期
摘要
[目的]测定15种中草药提取物抗TMV 的活性。[方法]利用半叶枯斑法，初筛测定15种中草药对TMV 钝化作用，复筛测定其对TMV 初侵染和复制增殖作用。[结果]商陆、大黄、板蓝根、金银花4种中草药表现出明显的TMV 体外钝化作用，其钝化抑制率均在50%以上；复筛测定4种中草药抗TMV 初侵染和复制增殖活性，大黄表现出较好的活性，且与其他3种中草药相比差异显著。盆栽试验表明，植物提取液（大黄）在100倍液下，喷雾加灌根的施药方式对烟草病毒病的防效最好，达49.00%，优于对照药剂20%吗啉胍·乙铜可湿性粉剂。[结论]15种中草药中大黄具有较优的抗TMV 活性，值得进一步研究。
关键词中草药；烟草花叶病毒；心叶烟；曼陀罗
中图分类号S567文献标识码A 文章编号0517-6611（2014）06-01691-03
Abstract[Objective] The aim was to study the active determination of the extracts of 15 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine against TMV. [Method] Using half leaf blight spot method， 15 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine against TMV in vitro was determined in the experiment of initial
screening ， after screened again through the experiments of inhibiting TMV infection and inhibiting the multiplication of TMV. [Result] Four kinds of Chinese herbal medicine， Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. ， Rheum palmatum L.， Isatis tinctoria， Lonicera japonica Thunb.， had an obvious inactivation on TMV in vitro， and the inhibition rate was more than 50%. After screened again through the experiments of inhibiting TMV infection and inhibiting the multiplication of TMV， Rheum palmatum L. showed better activity. It had a significant difference compared with the other three kinds of Chinese traditional medicine. In the field plot trials， the extract of Rheum palmatum L.（100 times， spraying+pouring ）was better than Moroxydine+Cupric acetate， W.P.（20%） and had the best inhibition rate（49.00%）. [Conclusion] Rheum palmatum L. had the best activity against TMV， and was worth further studying.
Key words Chinese traditional medicine； TMV； Nicotiana glutinosa L.； Datura stramonium L.
植物病毒病的防治相对于病（真菌、细菌）、虫、草等的防治较为困难，全世界每年因其造成的经济损失高达数百亿元，然而成为商品的抗植物病毒剂较少[1-5]。面对植物病毒病发生日益严重，抗植物病毒药剂依然匮乏的局面，继续深入开展抗植物病毒剂的研究具有十分重要的意义。