人教版初二英语上册第七单元重点语法
人教版初二英语上册第七单元重点词组、句型及语法
词组:
1、turn on :开起(以电器为主);使..启动;
turn off:关闭;
turn down:把音量调低、拒绝;
turn up:把音量调高
open:打开(门窗、书本、盒子等)
close:open的反义词
2、cup up:切碎,用法:cut it up、cup the apple up
=cut..into pieces 把..切成碎片
cut off:切开;cut down:砍下
3、pour ..into..把(液态物质)倒入。。。
put..Into..把(固态物质)放入。。。
4、mix..up..:把..混合;
课文词组mix it all up/mix them all cup
5、add ..to..:把...添入..
拓展:add up:加起来;add up to:加起来等于;add to:增加
6、a recipe for..:做..的菜谱
write a recipe for..:写做...的食谱
7、a banana milk shake:香蕉奶昔,注意a
8、two teaspoons of :两调羹量的。。。
提示:数词(二以上)+复数计量单位名词(如pieces)+of+名词
9:boil the noodles:煮面
拓展:boiling water:开水 (正在开的水)
Boiled water:开水 (已开过的水)
Developing countries (发展中国家)
Developed countries (发达国家)
10:put the recipe in order:把食谱(步骤)排序好
In order:有条不紊的(地) out of order:混乱的
11、in the sandwich:在三明治里,in the hamburger 在汉堡里
On the bread:在面包上;
12、turkey slices:火鸡肉片
two turkey slices=two slices of turkey:两片火鸡肉片
13、finally=in the end=at last=eventually,副词,最后
Final:最后的(形容词)final exam :期末考试
Final:决赛(名词)
14、the amount of +不可数名词+单数谓语动词
The number of+可数名的复数形式+单数谓语动词
重点句型及应用
一、We need three teaspoons of honey to make milk shake。
1)He needs。(对划线部分提问) ----How much honey does he need to make milk shake?
2)We need teaspoons of honey to make milk shake。(对划线部分提问) -----How many teaspoons of honey does he need to make milk shake?
提示:用how much 还是how many 由划线部分之后的那个名词决定 如果这个名词为不可数名词,用how much,如1中的honey(蜂蜜);
如果这个名词是可数名词,用how many,如2中的teaspoon,且要改成teaspoons
3)We need。(对划线部分提问) -----What do we need to make milk
二、Let me think。让我想想。
Let sb(宾格)do sth:Let Jim go(对)Let Jim goes(错)
三、First,cut up three bananas....
1、祈使句:行为动词原形开头,以叹号结尾
2、祈使句可表示:命令、请求、指示、鼓舞、希望等语气
Get out!出去!(命令)
Please open the door.请关上门。(请求),
注:please,也可放在最后,即:Open the door,please!(注意逗号)
3、祈使句中可以加说话的对象,往往用逗号隔开,但是动词仍然用原形。如: Lucy ,open the door ,please!(请求的对象后)
Jim,get out!(对)Jim,gets out!(错)
4、形容词用于祈使句时,前面加系动词,往往是be
Please,be happy!开心点。
5、祈使句的否定用法,在动词原形前加don't,或者never
Please open the door.----Please don't open the door.
Lucy ,open the door ,please!---Lucy , don't open the door ,please! Don't be sad.(别太伤心了。)
Never lose heart!(别灰心)
四、Tell your partner how to make popcorn.=
Tell your partner how you can make popcorn
how引导的宾语从句,注意是you can,而不是can you
即:从句的语序是主语+谓语(即陈述语序),不是谓语+主语(即疑问语序) 记忆:I don't know what to do =I don't know what to deal with
I don't know how to do it=I don't know how to deal with it。
do it =deal with it:做、处理
五、Turn on the blender for about two minutes.
=You should turn on the blender for about two minutes.
for about two minutes:持续两分钟;for可以省略
拓展:1、He should turn on the blender for about two minutes.(对划线部分提问) --------About how many minutes should he turn on the blender (for)
2、对划线部分提问) -------(For) how long should he turn on the blender ?
本单元可数名词:blender (搅拌器)、ingredient(材料、原料)、watermelon(西
瓜)、teaspoon、instruction(指示、说明)、popper(爆米花机)Sandwich(三明治)、turkey(火鸡)、slice、recipe(食谱)、onion(洋葱)、duck(鸭子)Pancake(烙饼)、cake(蛋糕)、chicken(小鸡)
本单元不可数名词:yogurt(奶酪)、popcorn(爆米花)、relish(佐料)salt(盐)sauce(酱油)、butter(黄油)、lettuce(生菜)、bread(面包)、rice(米饭)chicken(鸡肉)、turkey(火鸡肉)
本单元常用量词:a piece/slice/bowl(碗)/glass/box/cup/teaspoon/bag+of+名词 复数形式:pieces/slices/bowls(碗)/glasses/boxes/cups/teaspoons/bags+of+名词 其它表示量词:a pair of 、a group of 等
Some、a lot of 、lot of 即可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词
主谓一致,即:主语和谓语在人称、数、时态上相一致
a pair of +可数名词复数形式,pairs of +可数名词复数形式
1、There is a pair of shoes on the floor。How much are they?(they指代 shoes )
2、There are two pairs of shoes on the floor。How much are they?(they同上)
3、How much is the pair of shoes ?
主语 the pair of shoes中心为 the pair(单数),所以用is
4、How much are the two pairs of shoes ?
主语 the two pairs of shoes中心为 the two pairs(复数),所以用are
5、How much is the bag of apples ?同例1
6、How much are the bags of apples?同例4
7、Men of this kind are often popular =This kind of men is often popular.
名词:从“数”的角度可分为:
不可数名词和可数名词,可数名词又可以分为单数可数名词和复数可数名词。 可数名词的单数形式不能单独使用,它要配合形容词性物主代词、冠词a、an、数词one等一起使用,
如 It is book(错)It is a book(对)
It is his book (对)He has one book(对)
可数名词的复数形式可数单独使用,表示数目时,加数词或者some、many等 He likes apples (对)He has two apples for breakfast(对)
He buys many apples every day。(对)
不可数名词也可以单独使用,如 It is water。It is orange(橙汁)
但要表示具体的数目时,通常借助“cup”“piece/slice”“bag”等量词,而形式为: 1:a、one+单数量词+of+不可数名词;如 a cup of tea
2:two(或者以上)+复数量词+不可数名词;如 two cups of water
3、不定代词some、many等+复数量词+不可数名词;如 some bottles of juice