开展校园英语短剧表演的尝试与实践

开展校园英语短剧表演的尝试与实践

路桥中学 陈双

摘要：英语的重要性不言而喻，但我国推广小班教学却似乎困难重重。一位教师无

法同时满足多层次学生的需求，从而造成了学生学习兴趣低下，参与感差的

学习氛围。在此环境下，寻找一个能刺激学生学习兴趣、增强他们参与感的

活动便显得极为重要。而英语短剧表演便是一个通过编剧、排练、演出、互

评的方式，对学生在听、说、读、写方面进行全方位练习的活动，从而提高

学生英语学习兴趣及参与感，进而活跃校园英语学习气氛。

关键字：英语短剧表演、兴趣、参与感、互评

一、前言

英语是最重要的国际语言是不争的事实。有鉴于此，我国现在从小学开始便开设

英语课程。然而大多数担任此课程的教师均曾遇到以下困境，例如：学生背景不同，英语能力相差悬殊，在教室中缺乏用英语的机会，参与课堂活动之意愿较低，以致学习情绪低落。因此，了解学生的英语能力，体察学生的需要，设计全班均可参与的活动，创造增加全班互动机会的活泼的教学环境，以提高学生主动学习的意愿，使其通过教师的指引，同学彼此之间的互助合作，不断练习的方式，学会说流利的英语，写流畅的英文，是英语教学成功与否的关键之一。

然而，何种英语活动既有意义又能提高学生的参与感及学习动机？我校英语俱乐

部组织了英语短剧表演赛活动，对英语短剧从选剧、编排至表演、互评进行了为期一年的一系列尝试性活动，以期做出英语短剧表演对提高学生英语学习兴趣，活跃校园英语学习氛围的作用。

二、英语短剧表演的意义

英语短剧是一种全方位的活动。课外组织学生进行英语短剧的编写、排练及表演

意义重大。在读的方面，可以提供研读英文作品的机会，大大扩大学生直接接触英文的机会。在听的方面，除可借已有录音带和录影带的范例提供训练听力的机会外，还可以在排练及表演时，增加学生之间的互动，使大家有机会听到彼此的英语发音及对白练习。在说的方面，可经由分组排演，不断联系，助其自我诊断欠缺 ，达到改进英语发音，增加英语口语元素，加强英语会话能力的目的。在演的方面，学生可以通过自己对中西方文化差异的理解及对真实生活的体验，将情感融入角色，将喜怒哀乐融入会话中，增强对英语的感受和体会，激发学生的想象力。在写的方面，剧本的写作显而易见是一种挑战，从素材的挖掘与整理，到语言的提炼与推敲，无不考验了学生在写作方面的能力。而另一方面，短剧表演后，教师组织学生以写剧评、演出互评的方式，指导学生写评论性文章，又加强了学生英语写作的能力，提高了鉴赏水平。

三、实施过程

开展校园英语短剧表演的研究内涵丰富。在整个活动中，教师是导演，英语俱乐

部起发动和组织的作用，学生是活动的主体，他们积极主动地参与保证了活动的顺

利进行。

1．寻找素材

在短剧表演的计划排好后，各班学生便积极行动起来，开始分头研读文学作品，

确定剧目，其间历时两个多月，有的学生从中学六年的语文、英语教科书中寻找相

关的文章并改编成课本剧；有的学生通读西方文学作品，希望找出有新意的材料；

也有学生直接从影视作品入手，寻找有时代气息的电影、电视剧本；更有学生直接

从自我生活入手，编写“咱们自己的故事”。学生相互之间交流自己所看、所感，以

期找出最适合本班的剧本。从统计数据看，演出前两个月的剧目与真正演出前确定

的剧目又有很大的出入，且剧目内容涉及古今中外、正喜悲剧、幽默童话，显示出

学生阅读兴趣的广泛性。

2．剧本编写

当剧目确定之后，剧目的改编撰写工作便接踵而来。各班均组成剧目编写小组，

由学生独立合作进行具体分工，各成员分头做准备，在规定时间内完稿。在此过程

中，教师可提供一些写作范文，学生可进行模仿写作、改写剧本的方式，提供学生

创作机会，如莎士比亚的《哈姆莱特》；也可观看影视剧，将其改写成短剧，如播放

的如火如荼的电视剧《牵手》就被学生很好的改成剧本；也有些班级将中学生的日

常生活场景搬上舞台，如《理发》，由于贴近生活，学生在写作过程中能更好地考虑

到表演者的对白和心理。教师在此过程中起到点评与修改的作用，进一步调动了学

生的积极性。

之后，在将学生的剧本搜集到一起，教师进行语言分析。在分析时，我们发现学

生写作有几个非常明显的特点：

1）、句子短小、结构简单，便于记忆背诵。

2）、语言极尽生活化、哪怕是一些改自著名戏剧剧目的短剧，也将其台词生活化。

3）、在剧本中，道具及旁白的标注处理也很合理。

4）、剧情设计颇具匠心，有让人会心一笑之处，也有让人出乎意料之笔，体现了

学生对生活的仔细观察。

3. 排练演出

等最终定稿后，学生之间分配角色。根据学生本人的特点以及角色的要求，尽

可能做到合理分配。在排练中，学生们重点练习如何说台词、走台步，入角色。通

过反复琢磨进行对白练习，相互纠正发音，使其自然逼真。通过一个多月的努力，

大家终于编排出了自己认为比较满意的短剧。

在正式演出中，学生们都表演得惟妙惟肖，博得了同学们一阵又一阵的掌声，

而他们的临场发挥，也都出人意料的好。而平时沉默寡言或不爱与人交往的同学也

担任了重要角色，而且表演起来也是那样的挥洒自如，令人刮目相看。

如高二（6）班表演的《理发》，清新自然，对白富有生活气息，同学们将理发师

与顾客之间的关系表演的栩栩生动，表现了他们对真实生活的仔细观察。

高二（18）班表演的《牵手》，故事情节为众多人所熟悉。尽管妻子、孩子、丈夫

和情人之间的情感纠葛对于十几岁的高中生而言还过于深奥，但同学们细腻的表演

还是让我们感觉到他们对爱情、亲情、友情的感知，对成人世界的向往和探索。

高一（4）班的《梁祝新传》，则是一出结合古典和现代的搞笑剧，它颠覆了梁祝

的悲剧结尾，将梁山伯化成一位能文能武、血气方刚的少年，为心中的爱情主动出

击，而非抑郁而死。这出戏充分展现了当代少年积极主动的生活态度，而同学们幽

默搞笑的表演，也让礼堂里充满了欢声笑语。

„„

4．演出互评

短剧表演之后，教师组织各班学生写演出评论（主要是本班演出剧目）。演出互

评是能提高学生参与感及学习动机的一项活动。教师通过指定学生为每位演员写出

评论的方式，增加学生的练习写作的机会，同时也使每位演员得到了来自本班同学

的书面回馈。这不仅提高了学生的参与感，又大大地激发了学生的学习动机。

分析学生所写的评论，我们可以发现以下几个共同的现象：

1）、人称代词的大量使用，体现出评者与被评者之间关系之密切，口气之坦诚，

文字之轻松，有如在纸上与对方直接交谈一般。

2）、总体看来，所写文章较为简短，但句子结构，相对与口语而言，含有较多的

复杂句，结构性较强。虽然文章简短，但字里行间中充满了感性，有较多体现学生

内心感受的句子，读来较其他类型的写作，更能贴近他们的内心世界。

3）、丰富而别出心裁的赞美言辞，是同学间互评写作中语用功能上的最大特色。

通过学生的评语，我们可以了解到学生演出前后的方方面面。如在课内外他们都认

真努力的一练再练；发音好或个性活泼的同学，多半肩负起导演的责任，指导、协

调全组的演出；其他的同学，也各自将时间心力投注于自己最关心的工作上。有的

细心揣摩角色的心理，上台演出时完全融入的程度，令全组演员及观众同学大为震

惊；有的处心积虑，额外穿插笑帖；有的刻意另类演出，娱乐搞笑十足。此凡种种，

都成了他们书写评语时的写作源泉。而这些同心协力、苦中作乐的经历，也一一透

过评语，抒发出来，化为积极正面的赞美、肯定、鼓励的文字。通过这些评语，我

们可以清楚的体会到学生在整个短剧演出的过程中，主动参与的程度，学习动机的

高昂以及逐步汇聚的凝聚力。

四、总结与反思

英语短剧表演缓缓落幕，在整个选剧、编排、演出及互评的过程中，学生完全成

了主角。其间同学们经历了语言学习的读（研读内容、揣摩演技）、听（剧目的录音

带及学生间相互交流）、说（反复练习对白，并将之融入舞台的动作表演等技巧练习）、

演（上台演出，克服说英语害羞的情绪）之后，最后再以互评演出结果的方式，加

上写作的练习，为整个英语短剧表演活动，画下压轴的句点。

通过将近一年的英语短剧表演实践活动，学生们获益非浅。除了在英语兴趣上及

语言运用上的提高外，英语短剧表演活动培养了学生自立、自我负责和自主的精神，

也使他们养成了与他人合作学习、容纳他人、关心他人、帮助他人的行为方式。同

时，在这一过程中，同学们可以畅所欲言，充分挖掘和展示他们的才华，这对拓展

他们的思维空间、培养思维能力是很有益的。

当然，在实施过程中，我们也注意到本次短剧表演是全校性的一次活动，班级选

送节目，因此，仍有一部分同学没能得到参与的机会，借此契机，今后我们将英语

短剧表演活动和课堂教学相结合，并拓展到学校的每个班级，每班分组编排剧目，

促使每位同学都能得到参与机会，用自我体验去写出更加有内涵的评论。

参考书目：

1． 潘燕 2004. “阅读英语报刊 提高写作能力”，《中小学英语教学与研究》，

2004年第10期

2．教育部 2002. 《英语课程标准解读》（实验稿），北京师范大学出版社

3． 彭秋荣等 1999. 《初中英语活动课研究》，湖南师范大学出版社

4．张在新等 1995. “我国英语写作教学中的主要问题”， 《外语教学与研究》

1995年第4期

5．Biber, Douglas. 1988. Variation across Speech and Writing, Cambridge

University press

6. Huang, Su-yueh. 1998. “Freshmen English Programs for Non-English

Majors at Universities in Taiwan: An Investigation into the Gap Between

Expectations and Reality.” . Tunghai Journal

附一：学生互评习作

（一）

I think that your acting and performing as Mr. Zhong is really great.

You look so confident when you are in the stage, really like the modern businessman type. And when you are talking with your daughter, I just can feel as if you are talking with your own daughter. And you also can control your emotions very well. Every move and speech is decisive. In a word, I think you did a great job in remembering the lines. Next time you will act better.

（二）

Your acting and performance is good, costumes (you) are also well dressed. But when you are talking, you miss the English intonation, I mean that sometimes the intonation should be up and down, nut you do not, and you just act as if you are reading the text. The second one is when you say no…no…no…, you are not emphatic enough in your demands, and the third one is when you push your father-in-law out of the door, you seems have no enough energy to push him out. So, I think you miss these three parts. Others, I think you have acted very well.

（三）

I think your acting and performance is good. When you first come to the stage, you really have a dominant personality. But, a little bit pity, you have missed some lines of the play and when you are in the stage, you have got some influence from the audience. So, I think when you are acting, you aren’t serious enough. But when you talk to your friend and ask her to do something, you have acted so great.

附二：学生自创短剧剧本

（一）

An Unlucky Customer

A: What good weather! B B C ?

B: Welcome to BBC. May I help you?

A: Is it the famous radio station?

B: No! It’s a barber’s shop. It’s the Best Barber’s shop in China. So we call it BBC for short! Take a seat, please!

A: First, I’d like to wash my hair!

B: OK! Which kinds of hair lotion do you like best?

A: Anything will do!

(Begin to wash hair. The barber and the apprentice begin to chat.)

B: Yesterday I found nice clothes. May be it’s right for you.

C: Really? How much?

B: Only about 200.

C: 200? Oh! May be it’s nothing for you, but I’m only an apprentice. I have no enough money to pay for it.

B: Oh, nothing! Learn from me, you’ll be rich soon!

(The barber dumps the coke on the customer’s head.)

A: What’s the taste? Spirit? Orange? Coke? Oh, My God! See what you have dumped on my head!

B: Oh, Madam. You know, it’s so hot in summer, so we use coke as Shampoo…

A: Don’t cheat me! Where is the boss! Let him come out!

D: What’s wrong? Oh, Madam, you see it’s very popular to use coke as shampoo! And we’re the first to use it this way. It will make you feel cool from head to feet!

A: Are you kidding me?

(The boss dumped coke on the barber’s head.)

D: You see, everything is OK!

A: Oh! I don’t understand! Am I looking beautiful?

B,D: Yes!

A: Really?

B,D: Of course. It’s fashionable~

C: Oh, My God! What a beautiful lady! That’s a very nice hairstyle! A: Do you think I am beautiful?

C: Yes. So beautiful! Oh, please, please sign your name!

A: OK! Thank you for your appreciation! I like you all so much! Bye-bye! Don’t you think I am a charming woman?

D: Well done! A pretty woman!

(The customer went out of the barber’ shop happily)

B,C: What a foolish woman!

B: Oh, My hair!

（二）

The Frog Prince

Act 1: In the Garden (Frog / Princess)

（旁白）Long long time ago, there lived a king, a queen and a beautiful princess in a big kingdom. It is a sunny day. The princess is playing in the garden with her gold ball.

P: [Run into the stage happily from the right side] What a lovely day it is!

[Show the audience the gold ball proudly] It’s my birthday gift from my gather! How beautiful it is! [Hold the ball tightly in her arms for a while, throw it, and catch it for several times. Then it fall into the well]

[In a crying voice] Oh! My ball! My ball! What should I do? I want my ball back! Wu…wu… [Crouch down and begin to sob, looking rather helpless]

F: [Jump, jump slowly into the stage from the left side, and croak twice. Jump, jump, pass the well, directly towards the princess, and go around her. Jump towards the well back. Look into the well. Back again.]

[Timidly] Beautiful princess, why are you crying?

P: My ball! My ball! Wu…

F: What happened?

P: My ball fell into the well! My favorite gold ball!

F: Don’t cry! Princess, I can help you.

P: Can you? You are just a little frog! How can you help me?

F: I can help you to get the ball out, but…

P: But what?

F: I want to have a dinner with you in the palace.

P: OK! If you can get my ball back, I promise you.

F: OK, I will help you, but do remember your promise, beautiful princess!

[Jump and get the ball back, and give it to the princess. P and F leave the stage]

Act 2 In the Palace (King / Princess / Frog / Queen / Maid /

Guard)

(旁白) After the princess returned to the palace, she just forgot all about her promise. Now she is having dinner happily in the palace with his parents.

[P, K and Q are having the dinner together. F knocks the door.]

K: What is that?

P: I will go and check it.

[P goes and opens the door, finds the frog, shuts the door heavily and quickly. Go back to her seat with an unpleasant feeling expression on her face.]

K: What’s wrong? My daughter?

P: No, nothing. Just a frog.

K: A frog? Why is it outside?

P: Eh, father, nothing, nothing special.

Q: Nothing? I think you are an honest girl.

K: [Firmly] Yes. What on earth had happened?

P: [Timidly] It’s…. It’s about my ball. This morning when I was playing

with my gold ball, it fell into a well. The frog helped me to get it back. That’s all.

K: That’s all? Then why is the frog knocking at the door?

P: I promised to have a dinner with it in the palace.

K: oh, I see. Go and open the door, my daughter.

P: But father! To have a dinner with a frog? No! No! I don’t want to do

that!

K: [Strictly] Remember, as a princess, you must keep your promise! Q: Yes, dear! Maid, go and open the door, let it in.

[Maid goes and opens the door.]

F: [Jump in and sit on a chair near the princess, looking rather happy.]

Thank you, Princess. You kept your promise!

K: Welcome here. Enjoy yourself please.

[Maid gives the frog its plate and food.]

F: Thank you! [Begin to eat food a bit crazily, splash food everywhere and

use the princess’s plate.]

P: [Very angry] Don’t touch my plate! You ugly thing! [Get the plate back, look at it, and throw it away.] I’m full, father. I want to go back to my room. [Run away from the table.]

F: Wait for me, beautiful princess! [Jump away from the stage, follow the princess.]

[All leave the stage.]

Act 3 In the princess’s Room ( Princess / Prince Frog )

[Princess comes into her room, and sit on her bed, looking very unhappy] F: [Jump into the room] How beautiful the room is! [Jump everywhere. Jump onto the princess’s bed. Try to get closer to her] What’s wrong, beautiful princess? Why are you so angry?

P: [Angrily] Get down from my bed! You ugly dirty thing! [Knock the frog down onto the ground. Turn around, and step out of the room.]

F: [Begin to cry] Wu…wu…wu… I’m an ugly dirty frog. No one cares me, no one loves me, and no one wants to be my friend. Wu…wu…wu…

[Cry louder and louder]

[Princess seems to be moved by the frog. Go and kiss it. The frog turns into a prince.]

P: [Surprised] Who are you? Why are you in my bedroom? Where is the frog?

Fp: I am the frog. I was a prince of a big kingdom. A wicked witch cursed me and turned me into an ugly frog. The curse won’t die unless a beautiful princess kissed me. It is you who saved me. Thanks, beautiful princess. Will you marry me, beautiful princess?

[Music rises]

(旁白) Several days later, there is a big wedding ceremony in the palace. The princess and the prince lead a happy life from then on.