英语四级新题型
马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。 中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。在中国人的心目中,龙具有振奋腾飞、开拓变化的寓意和团结凝聚的精神。
Chinese Dragon Dragon totem worship in China has been around for the fetish that combines animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox cloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. The process of the Chinese nation. To the Chinese, the dragon signifies innovation and cohesion.
二、秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈,通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装,他们的表演动作有力迅速。在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间,人们一旦听到锣鼓声,不管外面天气有多冷,他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。近年来,中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队,队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康,同事他们也乐在其中。
Yangko is one of tradition folk dance of Han in China.It is usually sound of drum and gong, no matter how cold the weather is , they will to street and appreciate the Yangko. Recent years, the old people in of east-northern of China organized the team of Yangko by themselves, teamers keep their health by dancing Yangko the whole year.
三、长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城,就想到了“不到长城非好汉。”实际上,长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙,直到秦朝统一中国后才将其连城长城。然而,今天我们看到的长城——东起山海关,西至嘉峪关——大部分都是在明代修建的。
without visiting the Pyramids! Men often say, "He who doest not reach Wall" until the Qin Dynasty. However, the wall we see today, starting
built during the Ming Dynasty.
四、Dumplings Dumplings are one of the Chinese people’s favorite
steps involved in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers out of delicious than dumplings”. During the Spring Festival and other or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow old and ushering in the new year.
饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。 相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。饺子的制作是包括: 1) 擀皮、2) 备馅、3) 包馅水煮三个步骤。其特点是皮薄馅嫩,味道鲜美,形状独特,百食不厌。民间有“好吃不过饺子”的俗语。中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗,寓意吉利。对崇尚亲情的中国人来说,“更岁交子”吃饺子,更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。
五、moxibustion to stimulate the patient’s acupoints so as to stimulate been handed down generation after generation and has now spread all the world. Nowadays, acupuncture, along with Chinese food, kung fu (otherwise known as Chinese martial arts), and traditional Chinese medicine, has been internationally hailed as one of the “four new national treasures.”
针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。按照中医的经络理论,针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血,来达到阴阳归于平衡,使脏腑趋于调和之目的。其特点是“内病外治”。主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位,或用艾火的温热刺激烧灼
病人的穴位,以达到刺激经络。治疗病痛的目的。针灸以其独特的优势,流传至今并传播到了世界,与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外誉为中国的“新四大国粹”。
六、sport which applies the art of attack and defence in combat and the fu is derived from the Confucian theory of both “the Meanwhile, it also includes thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism. Chinese fu has a long history, with multi-various sects and many different external training. It contains the ancient great thinkers’ pondering life and the universe. The skills in wielding the 18 kinds of weapons by the later generations mainly involve the skills of bare-handed eight trigram palm (Baguazhang), and the skills of kung fu weaponry, as the skill of using swords, spears, two-edged swords and halberds, tomahawks, kooks, prongs and so on.
承载着丰富的中国民族传统文化。其核心思想是儒家的中和养气之说,同时兼容了道家、释家的思想。中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多,讲究刚柔并济、徒手拳艺,如太极拳、形意拳、八卦掌等;器械功夫,如刀枪剑戟、斧钺钩叉等。
七、extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones tortoise shells, and these are regarded as the original forms of characters. Afterwards, Chinese characters went through numerous calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc. Chinese characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth. The five strokes of Chinese characters are “---“ (the horizontal stroke) (the vertical stroke), “/”( the left-falling stroke), “\” (the right-falling stroke), and “乙” (the turning stroke).
形、意韵的独特文字。现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文,被认为是现代汉汉字结构“外圆内方“, 源于古人”天圆地方“的观念。汉字有五种基本笔画,即:横、竖、撇、捺、折。
八、Chinese Chopsticks The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is in the world. The recorded history of chopsticks started more than look deceptively simple to use, but possess multi-various functions, as clamping, turning over, lifting up, raking, stirring, scooping, tearing, and so on. Chopsticks were taken as an auspicious mascot by ordinary people in ancient China. For example, the partial tone of chopsticks is often used by people as a metaphor at a blessing or benediction for the couple to have a baby soon. Unlike the meaning of “Harmony is what matters”. Chopsticks are highly by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient oriental civilization.
中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。筷子古时称为箸,它看似简单,但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物,如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。与使用刀叉以及手抓的 方式不同,成双结对的筷子含有“和为贵“的意蕴。西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。
九、official and private seal of various dynasties have different titles, as stamp, zhu note, contract, fu, lease and others. The seals used by historical records, seals were widely used during the Warring States intaglio and embossment into the seal, basically shaped as round or daily life, but it is also used calligraphies. It is gradually becoming one of China’s unique artworks.
印章就是图章。中国历代官、私所用的印章有印信、朱记、合同、符、契等等不同的称谓,而帝王所用的印章古时称玺、印、宝、章等。据史料记载,印章在战国时代已普遍使用。印章的制作是将篆隶等字体、图像用阴、阳的形式雕刻而成,
形状以圆、方为主。印章用朱色 钤盖,除日常应用外,又多用于书画题识,逐渐成为中国特有的艺术形式之一。
十、uses for recording and naming years. The ten Heavenly Stems are: jia, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng, xin, ren, gui. The twelve Earthly Branches zi.chou, yin, mou, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. After the lunar month, the ancients found that the moon so the order of the ten Heavenly Stems and the order of the twelve Branches are properly matched in turn. In terms of recording date, 60 is considered to be a full time cycle. The Chinese era chronology was invented in ancient times and is still in use now. according to the chronology of the “ten Heavenly Stems,” 2011 is the year of “the of the ten Heavenly Stems” and “ the fifth of the twelve Earthly Branches”.
天干地支是中国历法中用以记录和命名年岁的方法。十天干为:甲、乙、丙、丁、戊、已、庚、辛、壬、癸;十二地支为:子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戊、亥。古人观测朔望月,发现月亮圆缺12次大体上是一年的天数,而两个朔望月约是60天。古人以十天干与十二地支的顺序依次相配,记录不同年份,60年为一个轮回。干支纪年法从古沿用至今。按干支纪年法,2011年便是辛卯年。
十一、hinese Beiis a genuine national quintessence of China. It originated from many of ancient local operas, especially huiban in southern China. At the arts---song, speech, performance, acrobatix fighting and dance. Opera portrays and narrates the plot and characters through stylized (young female), jing (painted face, male), and chou( clown, male or female).
京剧被誉为“东方歌剧”, 是地道的中国国粹。它起源于中国多种古老的地方戏剧,特别是南方的“徽班”。到了19世纪末,京剧形成并成为中国最大的戏曲剧种。京剧是综合性表演艺术,集唱(歌唱)、念(念白)、做(表演)、打(武)、舞(舞蹈)为一体,通过程式化的表演手段,叙述故事,刻画人物。角色主要分生(男性)、旦(女性)、净(男性)、丑(男性女性皆有)四大行当。
十二、attributed to Laozi, is considered to be the main Taoist classic. of all desires and worries from one’s mind, and encourages the
told of is not an unvarying way; The names that can be named are not only the outcomes.
道教是中国土生土长长的宗教。创始人是春秋末期的哲学家、思想家老子。道教修身养性。“道可道,非常道。名可名,非常名。无名天地之始;有名万物之母。故常无,欲以观其妙;常有,欲以观其徼”便是老子的至理名言。
十三、Chinese Idioms Chinese idioms refer to comprehensive and larger than a word, but has the same grammatical function as a word. Chinese idioms consist of four characters. For example, ziqiangbuxi ( unremitting efforts to improve oneself), qingchuyulan(bluer than from folk proverbs, ancient works of literature, poems, fables, are concise and have great vitality.
中国成语是汉语中意义完整的表示一般概念的固定词组或短语。“成语”中的“成”既是约定俗成。成语是比词大而语法功能又相当于词的语言单位。绝大多数的中国成语由四个汉字组成,例如:自强不息、青出于蓝、厚积薄发。成语主是汉语语言中精炼而又富有生命力的一部分。
十四、As early as the Shang and Zhou Dynasties (1600BC-256BC), the Chinese people’s silk
diplomat, travelled around central Asia and connected China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean, opening up a new era of trade, exchange and communication. From then on, China’s silk became known for its extraordinary quality, exquisite design and color, and as a symbol of Chinese culture and the emissary of oriental
中国是丝绸的故乡。栽桑、养蚕、缫丝、织绸是中国古代人民的伟大发明。商周时期丝绸的生产技术就已发展到相当高的水平。西汉时张骞通西域,把中原与波斯湾、地中海紧密联系起来,开辟了中外交流贸易的新纪元。从此中国的丝绸以东方文明的使者。
十五、The Chinese classical garden is a precious treasure of our Chinese architecture. It is a kind of environment art, which
systematically combines artificial mountains and rivers, plants and buildings with the natural landscape. The construction standard of a ingenious and natural.” When you go sigarden, you should be able to appreciate its artistic concept which “makes use of the natural landscape to create the real and rivers for viewers.” Of the world’s three major garden systems, Chinese classical garden is hailed as one of the origins of the garden due to its long history and abundant connotations.
中国园林是把人造的山水、植物、建筑等与自然地貌有机结合的环境艺术,是我国古代建筑艺术的珍宝。其建造原则是“妙极自然,宛自天开”。游赏中国古典园林,能充分领略“假自然之景,创山水真趣”的园林意境。在世界三大园林体系中,中国园林历史悠久、内涵丰富,被誉为世界造园史上的渊源之一。
十六、of ancient China, and they are often referred to as of the Study.” The writing brush and inChinese to write and paint since 5,000 years ago. In the Qin Dynasty bamboo trunks to make brushes. During the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD), stone was first developed with the use the Song Dynasty (960AD---
particularly referred to hubi, the writing brush produced in Huzhou, Zhejiang province; huimo, the ink stick produced in Huizhou, Anhui
province; xuan paper, a kind of paper produced in Xuanzhou, Anhui and duanyan, the ink stone made in Zhaoqing, Guangdong province have writtin the whole Chinese civilization, as it is.
笔墨纸砚是中国古代文人书房当中必备的宝贝,被称为“文房四宝”。用笔墨书写绘画在中国可追溯到五千年前。秦时已用不同硬度的毛和竹管制笔;汉代以人工制墨替代了天然墨;有了纸张以后,简牍锦帛逐失其用;砚台则随笔墨的使用而发展。 “文房四宝”到宋朝以后特指湖笔、徽墨、宣纸、端砚。可以说文房四宝书写了整个中华文明。