小学英语动词时态
动词的时态
一、一般现在时: 表示经常性、规律性习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态。
结构:
1. 动作词一般用原形,但如果是第三人称单数时(如Tony ,he ,she ),动作词用第三人称单数形式,即加s 或 es ;
在主语前加do, does帮助疑问句,后面的动词用原形;
在动作词前加don’t, doesn’t 帮助否定句,后面的动词用原形。 2. 句子中没动作词时,用be动词:is , am , are ; is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句; is , am , are 后面加上not帮助否定句。
3. 情态动词can, may, should,must引起的句子是一般现在时,后面接动词用原形; can, may, should,must 放在主语前帮助疑问句,后面接动词用原形; can, may, should, must后面加上not帮助否定句,后面接动词用原形。 4. 肯定祈使:动词原形 + 其它
否定祈使句:Don’t +动词原形 + 其它
5.感叹句: What a mess! What a beautiful desert! What beautiful flowers! ——What+(形)名 How beautiful! How beautiful the flower is! How beautiful the flowers are! —— How+形
A. 肯定句:(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它 We come from China.
(第三人称单数)主语+Vs+其它 He comes from China. 主语+be (is, am, are)+其它 We are from China. 主语+情态动词(can, may, should, must)+V+其它 She must go.
B. 否定句:(非第三人称单数)主语+don’t +V+其它 We don’t come from China.
(第三人称单数) 主语+doesn’t +V+其它 He doesn’t come from China.
主语+be (is, am, are) not+其它 I aren’t from China. 主语+情态动词(can, may, should, must)+not +V+其它
C.一般疑问句:Do +(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它 Do you come from China?
Does +(第三人称单数)主语+V+其它 Does he come from China?
be (Is, Am, Are)+主语+其它 Are you from China?
情态动词(Can, May, Should, Must)+主语+ V+其它 She can’t go.
D.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do +(非第三人称单数)主语+V+其它 Where do you come from?
特殊疑问词+does +(第三人称单数)主语+Vs+其它 Where does he come from? 特殊疑问词+be (is, am, are)+主语+其它 Where are you from?
特殊疑问词+情态动词(Can, May, Should, Must)+主语+ V+其它 Can she go?
二、现在进行时: 表示现在正在进行的动作。 结构: 1. be动词( is , am , are) + 动词ing (现在分词);
is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句,后面的动词加ing; is , am , are 后面加上not帮助否定句,后面的动词加ing。
A. 肯定句:主语+be(is, am, are)+Ving+其它 They are coming here. B. 否定句:主语+be(is, am, are)+not +Ving+其它 They aren’t coming here. C. 一般疑问句:be(Is, Am, Are)+主语+ Ving+其它 Are they coming here?
D. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ be(is, am, are)+主语+ Ving+其它 What are they doing? 三、一般过去时:表示过去某个时间里发生了的动作或状态。 结构:
1. 动作词用过去式(ed ) ;
在主语前加did帮助疑问句,后面的动词用原形;
在动作词前加didn’t帮助否定句,后面的动词用原形。 2. 句子中没动作词时,用be动词的过去式:was , were; was , were 放在主语前帮助疑问句;
was , were后面加上not帮助否定句。
A. 肯定句:主语+Ved+其它 We came from China 主语+be (was, were)+其它 We were from China.
B. 否定句:主语+didn’t +V +其它 We didn’t come from China. 主语+be (was, were) +not+其它 We weren’t from China. C.一般疑问句:Did +主语+V +其它 Did you come from China? be (Was, Were)+主语+其它 Were you from China? D.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ did +主语+V +其它 Where did you from? 特殊疑问词+ be (was, were)+主语+其它 Where were from? 四、一般将来时:表示将来某个时间的动作或状态。 结构:
1. be going to + 动词原形
is , am , are 放在主语前帮助疑问句;
is , am , are 后面加上not帮助否定句。 2. will+ 动词原形
will放在主语前帮助疑问句,后面接动词用原形; will后面加上not帮助否定句,后面接动词用原形。
A. 肯定句:主语+will +V +其它 He will dig a hole.
主语+ be going to +V +其它 He is going to dig a hole.
B. 否定句:主语+will not +V +其它 He won’t dig a hole.
主语+ be not going go +V +其它 He isn’t going to dig a hole.
C.一般疑问句:Will+主语+V+其它 Will he dig a hole?
Be(Is, Am, Are) +主语going to +V+其它 Is he going to did a hole? D.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+will+主语+V+其它 What will he do?
特殊疑问词+be(is, am, are) +主语going to +V+其它 What is he going to do? 五、过去进行时:表示过去某时正在进行的动作。结构:
1. be动词( was, were) + 动词ing;
was, were 放在主语前帮助疑问句,后面的动词加ing;
was, were后面加上not帮助否定句,后面的动词加ing。
A. 肯定句:主语+be(was, were)+Ving He was digging a hole. B. 否定句:主语+be(was, were)+not +Ving He wasn’t digging a hole. C. 一般疑问句:be(Was, Were)+主语+ Ving Was he digging a hole? D. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ be(was, were)+主语+ Ving What was he doing
(二)时态意义与结构一览表: