冠词讲解与练习(含答案)
冠词的用法讲解及练习题
冠词的用法
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是定冠词(the Definite Article),另一种是不定冠词(the Indefinite Article),还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article)。
不定冠词a(an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做[en]。
不定冠词的用法:
1)表示“一个”,意为one;指某人或某物,意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2)代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3)词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
定冠词的用法
定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。
1)特指双方都明白的人或物:
Take the medicine.把药吃了。
2)上文提到过的人或事:
He bought a house. I’ve been to the house.
他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。
3)指世上独一物二的事物:
the sun,the sky,the moon,the earth
4)单数名词连用表示一类事物:
如:the dollar 美元;the fox 狐狸;或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:the rich 富人;the living 生者。
5)用在序数词和形容词最高级,及形容词only,very,same等前面: Where do you live?I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二层。
That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。
6)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)
7)表示所有,相当于物主代词,用在表示身体部位的名词前: She caught me by the arm…… 她抓住了我的手臂。
8)用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:
the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
the United States 美国
9)用在表示乐器的名词之前:
She plays the piano.她会弹钢琴。
10)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
11)用在惯用语中:
in the day,in the morning (afternoon,evening),the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday,the next morning,
in the sky (water,field,country)
in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,
in the middle (of),in the end,
on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre
零冠词的用法
1)国名,人名前通常不用定冠词:England,Mary;
2)泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词;
They are teachers. 他们是教师。
3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;
Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
4)物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;
Man cannot live without water.人离开水就无法生存。
5)在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词;
We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
6)在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词(Professor Liu) ; The guards took the American to General Lee.
士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
7)在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词;
如:have breakfast,play chess
8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词;
I can’t write without pen or pencil.没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。
9)当by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词;by
bus,by train;
10)有些个体名词不用冠词;
如:school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court 等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义;
go to hospital 去医院看病
go to the hospital 去医院 (并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)
11)不用冠词的序数词;
a. 序数词前有物主代词
b. 序数词作副词:He came first in the race.
c. 在固定词组中:at (the)first,first of all,from first to last
冠词的用法练习题
冠词填空:在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划×。
1.There is _______ picture of _______ elephant on ______ wall.
2.This is _______ useful book.I've read it for _______ hour.
3. _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse.
4____ doctor told him to take _____ medicine three times____day.
5.Let's go out for _______ walk.
6.It's too hot.Open _______ door,please.
7.There is _______ woman over there. _______ woman is Meimei's mother.
8. _______ sun rises in _______ east.
9______ Changjiang River is____ longest river in _____ China.
10.Are you going to do it _______ second time?
11.Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA.
12._____ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street.
13.He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995. 14__old man is__teacher. He likes playing__basketball after __supper.
15.After I had _______ quick breakfast,I hurried to school.
16.Are _______ sheep kept by _______ farmers for producing _______ wool and _______ meat?
17.They went to _______ People's Park,but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday.
18.I often watch _______ TV in _______ evening.
19. _______ day of _______ December 20,1999 is Monday.
20.Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today.
II.选择填空。
1.—Does Jim have _______ ruler?
—Yes,he has _______ .
A.an;some B.a;one C.a;/ D.any;one
2.There is _______ old bike. _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's.
A.an ;The B.the;An C.a;The D.the;The
3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay.
A.The B.A C.An D.Two
4.—How many books do you have?
—I have _______ book.That's _______ English book.
A.a;an B.a;one C.one;an D.one;one
5.At that time Tom was _______ one-year-old baby.
A.a B.an C.the D./
6. _______ tiger is _______ China.
A.The;a B.A;the C.The;from D.The;the
7.We can't see _______ sun at _______ night.
A.the;the B.the;/ C.a;/ D./;/
8. _______ useful book it is!
A.What an B.How a C.What a D.What
9.One afternoon he found _______ handbag.There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag.
A.a;an;the B.a;a;the C.an;an;an D.the;a;a
10. _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting.
A.An;an;a B.The;/;an C.The;/;a D.The;/;the
11. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.
A.A;a B.The;the C.A;the D.The;a
12. _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River.
A.The;a B.A;/ C.A;the D.An;the
13. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.
A.A;an B.The;a C.The;the D.A;the
14.He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.
A.a;a B.a;the C./;a D.a;/
15.They made him _______ king.
A.a B.the C.an D./
16.His father is _______ English teacher.He works in our school.
A.a B.an C.the D./
17.Is he _______ American boy ?
A.an B.a C.one D./
18.Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school?
A./;/ B./;the C.the;/ D.a;/
19.They passed our school _______ day before yesterday.
A.an B.one C.a D.the
20.Australia is _______ English-speaking country.
A.a B.an C.the D./
21.She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.
A.a;The B.an;The C.an;A D.the;The
22.This is _______ apple.It's _______ big apple.
A.an;a B.a;the C.a;an D.an;the
23.Look at _______ horse over there.
A.a B.an C.the D./
24.Don't play _______ basketball here.It's dangerous.
A.a B.an C./ D.the
25.There is _______ old woman in the car.
A./ B.the C.a D.an
26.Beijing is _______ beautiful city.It's _______ capital of China.
A.a;a B.the;the C./;the D.a;the
27.Shanghai is in _______ east of China.
A./ B.an C.a D.the
28.I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years.
A.a B.an C.the D./
29.Bill is _______ English teacher.He likes playing _______ football.
A.a;the B.an;the C.a;/ D.an;/
30.The museum is quite far.It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus.
A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;/ D./;/
初中英语冠词用法专项练习答案与详解
I.1.a;an;the
2.a;an。第一个空的a是泛指,第二个空的an是指“一小时”。
3.An;a。这两个空都是泛指,故都用不定冠词。
4.The;the;a。前两个空都是特指,故填the;后一个空中的a相当于every或each,three times a day意为“一天三次”。
5.a。go out for a walk意为“出去散步”。
6.the
7.a;The。前者泛指,后者特指。
8.The;the。第一个空用the表示太阳是世界上独一无二的物体;第二个空用the是因为在方位词的前面一般用定冠词。
9.The;the,×。第一空用the是因为在河流名称的前面用定冠词;第二空用the是因为在形容词最高级前面用定冠词;第三空“零”冠词是因
为专有名词前一般不加冠词。
10.a。a second time意为“再一次”、“另一次”。the second time意为“第二次”。此句填a是表示动作的重复,而不能用the(表顺序)。
11.the;the。第一个the是特指美国的首都。第二个the是在由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加定冠词。
12.The。“the +姓氏的复数”表示“一家人”或“夫妻二人”。由普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
13.the;×。表示在某一年的季节名称前应加定冠词。
14.The a;×;×。在球类名称前不加冠词。泛指的三餐名称前不加冠词。
15.a。三餐名称前若有形容词,则可在形容词前加冠词,此处是泛指,故用a。
16.×;×;×;×。此句意为“农民养羊是为了产毛和肉吗?”前两个空也可填定冠词,意为:“那些农民养的那些羊是为了产毛和肉吗?”
17.the;the。普通名词构成的专有名词前应加the。
18.×;the。TV前不加冠词。“早、午、晚”名词前加冠词。
19.The;×;×。第一空是特指。日期名词前不加冠词。
20 ×;a
II.
1.B。第一空是泛指;第二空的one是不定代词,用以替代前面的ruler。
2.A
3.C。这是一句谚语,意思是“一天吃一个苹果,用不着看医生。”
4.C。one强调数量,用以回答“Howmany...?”问句;第二个空是泛指,故用an。
5.A。one虽以元音字母开头,但以辅音音素[w]开头,故填a。
6.C。此句意为:“这只老虎来自中国。”
7.B。在“太阳、月亮、地球”的前面一般都加定冠词the;at night“在夜晚”,注意该短语中没有冠词。
8 C
9.A。“s”虽为辅音字母,但却以元音音素[e]开头,故填an。
10.D。第一个空填the,是特指那个“白发老太太”;第二个空不填冠词,是因为在语言名称前面一般不加冠词。English后面如有language,就得说the English language。“在会议上”应为at the meeting。
11.B。the Great Wall长城。
12.C。第一个空是泛指,用a;第二个空是河流名称,故用the。
13.B。第一个空:“那边的那个妇女”,是特指;第二个空是指那个妇女的身份、职业,是泛指。
14.D。第一个空是泛指;第二个空用“零冠词”是因为turn后面的名词前一般都不加冠词。
15.D。表示某人的职位时可用“零冠词”。
16.B17.A 18.A。after school放学以后。
19.D。the day before yesterday前天。
20.B21.B。第一空泛指,第二空特指。
22.A。两个空都是泛指。
23.C
24.C
25.D
26.D
27.D。in the east of在某地区(内)的东部。
28.A。two and a half years也可说成two years and a half,意思都是“两年半”。
29 D
30 A。half an hour半小时,by bus乘公共汽车。