标准热力学数据
标准热力学数据(298.15K )
化学式(状态) 氢(hydrogen )
H 2(g ) +
H (aq ) 锂(lithium ) Li (s ) +
Li (aq ) Li 2O (s ) LiCl (s ) 钠(sodium ) Na (s ) +
Na (aq ) Na 2O (s ) NaOH (s ) NaCl (s ) 钾(potassium )
K (S ) K+(aq ) KOH (s ) KCl (s ) 铍(beryllium )
Be (s ) BeO (s ) 镁(magnesium )
Mg (s ) 2+
Mg (aq ) MgO (s ) Mg (OH )2(s ) MgCl 2(s ) MgCO 3(s ) 钙(calcium ) Ca (s ) 2+
Ca (aq ) CaO (s ) Ca (OH )2(s )
H 0 0 0 -278.49 -597.94 -408.61 0 -240.12 -414.22 -425.61 -411.65 0 -252.38 -424.76 -436.75 0 -609.61 0 -466.85 -601.70 -924.54 -641.32 -1095.79
0 -542.83 -635.09 -986.09
G 0 0 0 -293.30 -561.20 -384.38 0 261.89 -375.47 -379.53 -384.15 0 -283.26 -379.11 -409.15 0 -580.32 0 -454.80 -569.44 -833.58 -591.83 -1012.11
0 -553.54 -604.04 -898.56
S 130.57 0 29.12 13.39 37.57 59.33 51.21 58.99 75.06 64.45 72.13 64.18 102.51 78.87 82.59 9.50 14.14 32.68 -138.07 27.91 63.18 89.62 65.69 41.42 -53.14 39.75 83.39
续表
CaSO4(s )
CaCO 3(方解石,s ) 锶(strontium ) Sr (s ) 2+
Sr (aq ) SrCO 3(s ) 钡(barium ) Ba (s ) 2+
Ba (aq ) BaCl 2(s ) BaSO 4(s ) 硼(boron ) B (s ) H 3BO 3(s ) BF 3(g ) BN (s )
铝(aluminum ) Al (s )
Al (OH )3(无定形) Al 2O 3(s ,刚玉) 碳(carbon ) C (石墨) C (金刚石) CO (g ) CO 2(g )
硅(silicon ) Si (s )
SiO 2(石英,s ) SiCl 4(g ) SiC (s ,β) Si 3N 4(s ,α) 锡(tin ) Sn (s ,白) Sn (s ,灰) SnO 2(s ) 铅(lead ) Pb (s )
PbO (s ,红) PbO (s ,黄) PbS (s )
-1434.11 -1206.92 0
-545.80 -1220.05 0
-537.64 -858.56 -1469.42 0
-1094.33 -1137.00 -254.39 0
-1276.12 -1675.69 0 1.897 -110.525 -393.51 0
-910.94 -657.01 -65.27 -743.50 0 -2.09 -580.74 0
-218.99 -215.33 -100.42
-1326.88 -1128.84 0
-599.44 -1140.14 0
-560.74 -810.44 -1362.31 0
-969.01 -1120.35 -228.45 0 -
-1582.39 0 2.900 -137.15 -394.36 0
-856.67 -617.01 -62.76 -642.66 0 0.126 -519.65 0
-188.95 -187.90 -98.74
106.69 92.88 52.30 -32.64 97.07 62.76 9.62 123.68 132.21 5.86 88.83 254.01 14.81 28.33 - 50.92 5.74 2.377 197.56 213.64 18.83 41.84 330.62 16.61 101.25 51.55 44.14 52.3 64.81 66.73 68.70 91.21
续表
氮(nitrogen )
N 2(g ) 0 0 191.50 NO (g ) 90.25 86.57 210.65 NO 2(g ) 33.18 51.30 39.65 -NO 3(aq ) -207.36 -111.34 146.44 +
NH 4(aq ) -132.51 -79.37 113.39 NH 3(aq ) -80.29 -26.57 111.29 NH 3(g ) -46.11 -16.48 192.34 磷(phosphorus ) P (s ,白) 0 0 41.09 P (s ,红) -17.5 -12.13 22.80 P 4O 10(s ) -2984.03 -2697.84 228.86 PH 3(g ) 5.44 13.39 210.12 PCl 3(g ) -287.02 -267.78 311.67 氧(oxygen ) O 2(g ) 0 0 205.03 O 3(g ) 142.67 163.18 238.82 H 2O (l ) -285.83 -237.18 69.91 H 2O (g ) -241.82 -228.59 188.72 -OH (aq ) -229.99 -157.29 -10.75 H 2O 2(l ) -187.78 -120.42 - 硫(sulfur ) S (s ,斜方) 0 0 31.80 S (s ,单斜) 0.33 - - SO 2(g ) -297.04 -300.19 248.11 SO 3(g ) -395.72 -371.08 256.65 H 2S (g ) -20.63 -33.56 205.69 氟(fluorine ) F 2(g ) 0 0 202.67 HF (g ) -271.12 -273.22 -173.67 -F (aq ) -332.63 -278.82 -13.81 氯(chlorine ) Cl 2(g ) 0 0 222.96 HCl (g ) -92.31 -95.30 186.80 -Cl (aq ) -167.16 -131.26 56.48 -ClO (aq ) -107.11 -36.82 41.84 溴(bromine ) Br 2(l ) 0 0 152.23 Br 2(g ) 30.91 3.14 245.35 HBr (g ) -36.40 -53.43 198.59 -Br (aq ) -121.55 -103.97 82.42
碘(iodine )
I 2(s ) I 2(g ) HI (g ) I -(aq ) 钪(scandium ) Sc (s ) 钛(titanium ) Ti (s ) TiO 2(s ,金红石)钒(vanadium ) V (s ) V 2O 5(s ) 铬(chromium ) Cr (s ) Cr 2O 3(s ) CrO (aq ) Cr 2O
(aq )
锰(manganese ) Mn (s ,α) Mn 2+
(aq ) MnO 2(s ) 铁(iron ) Fe (s ) Fe 2+
(aq ) Fe 3+
(aq )
Fe (OH )2(s ) Fe (OH )3(s ) FeS (s ,α) Fe 2O 3(s ) Fe 3O 4(s ) 钴(cobalt ) Co (s ,α) Co 2+
(aq ) 镍(nickel ) Ni (s ) Ni 2+
(aq ) 铜(copper ) Cu (s )
续表
0 0 116.14 62.44 19.36 260.58 26.48 1.72 206.48 -55.19 -51.59 111.29 0 0 34.64 0 0 30.54 -939.73 -884.50 49.92 0 0 28.91 -1550.59 -1419.63 130.96 0 0 23.77 -1139.72 -1058.13
81.17 -881.19 -727.85
50.21
-1490.34 -1301.22 261.92
0 0 32.01 -220.75 -228.03 -73.64 -520.03 -465.18 53.05 0 0 27.28 -89.12 -78.87 -137.65 -48.53 -4.60 -315.89 -569.02 -486.60 87.86 -822.99 -696.64 -106.69 -95.06 -97.57 67.4 -824.25 -742.24 87.40 -1118.38
-1015.46
146.44 0 0 30.04 -58.16 -54.39 -112.97 0 0 29.87 -53.97 -45.61 -128.87 0
33.15
Cu (aq )
Cu (OH )2(s )
2+
64.77 -449.78 续表
65.52 - -99.58 -
CuO (s ) CuSO 4(s ) CuSO 4·5H2O (s ) 银(silver ) Ag (s ) +
Ag (aq ) Ag 2O (s ) Ag 2S (s ,α) AgCl (s ) AgBr (s ) AgI (s ) Ag (NH 3)+2(aq ) 金(gold ) Au (s )
[Au(CN )2]-(aq ) [AuCl4]-(aq ) 锌(zinc ) Zn (s ) 2+
Zn (aq ) ZnO (s ) 镉(cadmium ) Cd (s ,γ) 2+
Cd (aq ) CdS (s ) 汞(mercury )
Hg (l ) Hg (g ) Hg 2Cl 2(s ) CH 4(g ) C 2H 6(g ) (l ) C 2H 4(g ) C 2H 2(g ) CH 3OH (l ) C 2H 5OH (l ) C 6H 5COOH (s ) C 12H 22O 11(s )
-157.32 -129.70 -771.36 -2279.65
0 105.58 -31.05 -32.59 -127.07 100.37 -61.84 -111.89 0 242.25 -322.17 0 -153.89 -348.28 0 -75.90 -161.92 0 61.32 -265.22 -74.85 -83.68 48.99 52.30 226.73 -239.03 -277.98 -385.05 -2225.5
-661.91 -1880.06
0 77.12 -11.21 -40.67 -109.80 -96.90 -66.19 -17.24 0 285.77 -235.22 0 -147.03 -318.32 0 -77.58 -156.48 0 31.85 -210.78 -50.6 -31.80 124.35 68.24 209.20 -166.82 -174.18 -245.27 -1544.6
48.63 108.78 300.41 42.55 72.68 121.34 144.01 96.23 107.11 115.48 245.18 47.40 171.54 266.94 41.63 -112.13 43.64 51.76 -73.22 64.85 76.02 174.85 192.46 186.27 229.12 173.26 219.20 200.83 127.24 161.04 167.57 360.2