带有"尾巴"的句子(续一)
带有“尾巴”的句子(续一)
反意疑问句中加“尾巴”的一般原则我们已经掌握,但这个法宝只能在平常的英语中有用。应付考
试,就行不通了。因为,在考试中倍受青睐的往往是特例。为了有助你在考试中游刃自如,我把常考的
特例进行了简单的归纳,以便你更准确、有效地记忆。
既然“尾巴”中一共只有两个词:谓语和主语。那么,特例也就无外乎这么三种情况:谓语形式的特例;主语形式的特例;谓语和主语的形式都是特例。下面我就来为你一一解决。
首先我们来看看谓语形式是特例的情况:
1. 动词have (has) 当"有"的意思讲时,尾巴中的谓语还是用have (has)的相应形式(前肯后否,前否后肯)。如:
He has a lot of books, hasn't he? You haven't a lot of money, have you?
但是当have与其它词构成某些短语,have本身已不再是“有”的意思时,尾巴中的谓语就要用do的相应形式,如:
They had a sports meeting, didn't they?
(这里have a sports meeting是 “举行运动会”的意思。)
They didn't have lunch with you, did they?
(这里have lunch是“吃午餐”的意思。)
Mary had to do the work herself, didn't she?
(这里have to是“不得不”的意思。)
2. 当陈述句中有no, never, hardly, little, few, seldom等表示否定意义的词修饰谓语或主语时,尾巴中的谓语用肯定形式,如:
She has no brother, has she?
Never does he read newspapers, does he?
象这些句子,前半句的陈述部分虽然没有hasn't, doesn't这样明显的否定形式,但实际上含有否定意味,根据前否后肯的原则,应该是难不倒你的。你只要记住这些表示否定意义的词就ok了。
3. 当主语是第一人称单数(即“I”),谓语部分是am时,其反意问句用aren't;如果谓语是am not时,反意问句用am,如:
I am reading this article, aren't I?
I am not a driver, am I?
4. 在must, can't表示推测意义时,反意问句的动词要与推测部分的动词相一致,如: He must be in the classroom, isn't he? (表示对现在的推测) You can't have been sleeping, were you? (表示对过去进行的动作的推测)
四个特例,你都记住了吧?我想You have no problem to remember them, haven't you? 你看这个“尾巴”加对了吗?(正确的应该是“have you”。)