英语四级听力的解题技巧原则及思路

英语四级听力的解题技巧原则及思路

1. 对话

在解答对话听力理解题时应注意以下几点：

1) 提前阅读选项，判断问题所属，从而集中精力于有关信息。

2) 注意根据信息词汇判断地点和说话人的身份职业等。

当看到四个地点和职业名词时，大脑中就应该马上出现与这些地点或职业相关的一系列词语，在听的过程中注意提到了什么信息词语，这样就可轻松地判断谈话发生的地点，说话人的职业或身份，以及谈话双方的关系。

为此，有必要了解与各种职业和地点行业有关的信息词汇，如：

饭店:menu, order, waitress, waiter, take order, go Dutch, It's my treat 等; AA(acting appointment)

旅馆:check in/out, make a reservation, register, reception desk等;

医院:physician, doctor, nurse, operation-room, emergency room, visiting hours, prescribe, pill等;

银行：open an account, withdraw, deposit, saving, cash a check等;

飞机/机场：flight, safety-belt, boarding card, captain, airhostess, airline, take off, land, crash等。

3) 注意加减运算，听到的不是答案

在涉及时间、距离、金钱等数量概念的听力中，一般都要求同学们进行加减方面的运算，很少是听到什么就是什么。有时，计算可能会麻烦些，同学们可以先将听到的时间等记下，等有时间再计算。在计算题中应特别注意以下数字的读音差别：

13---30 14-40 15 --- 50 16 --- 60 17 -70 18 -80 19 -90

选项中会有这种数字读音差别的考查。如：

W: when does the next train leave?

M: You have just missed one by 5 minutes. Trains leave every 50

minutes, so you'll have to wait for a while.

Q: How long does the woman have to wait for the next train?

A. 45 minutes. B. 50 minutes. C. 10 minutes. D. 5 minutes.

如果把50minutes 听成了15 minutes，就会误选选项C 。

4) 注意记笔记，将人物、地点、时间等对号入座

听力测试中的另外一种现象就是，四个选项中的人物、地点、时间或事件等在对话中可能都有提及。在这种情况下，所需要的不是寻找信息词，而是注意将四个选项与对话中提及的信息对号入座。如：

① W: Do you enjoy life in Washington?

M: Yes, indeed. I'm planning to move to New York or Boston.

Anyway, I've never regretted my earlier decision.

Q: Where does the man live now?

A. In New York. B. In Boston C. In Newport D. In Washington

四个地点对话中提到了三个，具体是哪一个，在听的时候应注意分辨。

②M: Please buy two packs of cigarettes for me while you are at the store.

W:I am not going to any store. I'm going to see Aunt Mary. But I

will get them for you at the gas station.

Q: Where will the woman stop on her way?

A. At a cigarette store. B. At a bus station.

C. At a gas station. D. At Aunt Mary's

③M: I'd like to make two reservations on Flight 651 for June 8th.

W: I'm sorry, we're booked up on the 8th. But we still have a few

seats available on June 9th.

Q: When does the man want to leave?

A. On the 6th of June. B. On the 8th of June. C. On the 9th of June. D. On the 19th of June

如果地点不含职业性的对比，一般就很可能属于这里所介绍的类型，那么所做的就是分别。

5) 从语法入手、从短语含义入手，判断隐含之意

在四级听力中常考查到的语法是建议和虚拟语气。要求判断建议是什么，虚拟中含义是什么。就建议而言，只需注意建议的各种表达方式，就可解答这类听力题; 至于虚拟语气，可以记住这样一条规律：

与所听到的相反的就是答案。

6) 概括与具体，具体与抽象相对，概括的、抽象的是解

这类题主要是话题的选择，也包括一些对整个事件的评价等。如：

① W: We all talk about how liberated we are, but in fact woman are still not treated equally.

M:I don't think so. You've got the vote, you've got your careers

I think you've got everything important.

Q: What are they talking about?

A. The woman's job as a librarian. B. Woman's rights in society.

C. An important election. D. Career planning.

谈论的话题应是一个抽象的概括性的东西，所以答案是B 。

②M: This has been the worst flood for the past 20 years. It has caused much damage and destruction.

W: Look at the price of fruits and vegetables. No wonder they are expensive. Q: What are they talking about?

A. The effects of the flood. B. The heroic fight against flood.

C. The cause of the flood. D. Floods of the past twenty years.

能够概括对话中物价上涨的应该是A 。

7) 肯定与不肯定相对，含义不肯定的是解

这一技巧用于解答说话者言外之意的听力题。如：

①W:I intend to buy some fruits for the children. These apples and pears seem to be in season. I'll get two dozen of each.

M: I hope they're as good as they look.

Q: What does the man mean?

A. The apples and pears might not be so good. B. The apples are not as good as the pears.

C. The apples and pears are very good. D. The apples and pears are as good as they look.

hope 的使用说明答案应该是不太可能的选项，自然是A 。

②W: If this weather keeps up, I'm going to have to buy a warmer coat.

M: Sounds like a good idea. Spring is still a long way off, you know.

Q: What does the man mean?

A. The woman should wait to buy new clothes. B. The cold weather will probably continue.

C. The weather will warm up soon. D. He already has a warm coat.

Sounds like a good idea说明了语气的不可能，答案应该是B 。

8)" 同意" 是解

一般情况下，如果四个选项中有一个表示" 同意" 的概念，那么，此选项就是正确选项。如：

① W: It's a wonderful film, isn't it?

M: You can say that again.

Q: What does the man mean?

A. He agrees with the woman. B. He didn't hear what the woman said.

C. He is surprised by her opinion. D. He thinks she should look at it again.

② M: This is the longest assignment we've had all semester.

W: You're telling me. We'll be lucky if we can do half of it.

Q: What does the woman say about the assignment?

A. She has done half of it already. B. She agrees that it is very long.

C. They have all semester to do it. D. There's nothing wrong with it.

注意以下表示同意对方观点的常用语。如果听到这些，就可以选择含有" 同意" 的选项： You said it.

You can say that again.

You are telling me.

You may/might well say so.

I'll say.

I couldn't agree more.

2. 短文

根据短文听力的特点，可以做以下工作。

1) 注意把握首尾句，从整体上理解全文，这同样有利于主题题的解答。

2) 听前阅读选项，增加听的目的性和针对性。

3) 听时记笔记，以掌握文章的主要细节内容。

4) 根据不同的听力材料采用不同的听力技巧。如故事性的文章一般可以边听边划答案，标出故事中提到的信息; 说明文要注意要说明的主题是什么，支撑细节有哪些。

5) 做完后通读所有答案，看是否能相互说明，成为一个整体。

短对话听力的一些原则

1. 推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。

2. 挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的(如买东西买不到，订房间客满等)

3. 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。

男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家

女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好

4. 父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习

5. 除了父母教育子女外，家里(包括朋友家，阿姨家等等) 发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的。

6. 四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项

短对话十大场景及一般思路

1. 借车：车一般是借不到的

2. 吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派”一般比较好吃

3. 考试：作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜; 教授一般比较严厉; 选修课较难较多

4. 坐车(飞机、轮船) ：一般都需要等

5. 事故(灾难) ：光明原则，一般不会死人

6. 听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的

7. 论文：一般需要修改(polish)或重写(rewrite)

8. 休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV 或者看movie ，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater

9. 医院：需要预约make an appointment

10. 买票：基本上是买不到的