长宁区2015年高三英语二模试卷

长宁区2015年高三英语教学质量抽测试卷

第I 卷（103分）

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. At the bus station. B. At the airport.

C. At the post office. D. At the bank.

2. A. Librarian and reader. B. Teacher and student.

C. Boss and secretary. D. Shop-assistant and customer.

3. A. It is quite interesting. B. It's time-consuming.

C. It isn't worth seeing. D. It is very expensive.

4. A. To complain about her heater. B. To go over for the heater.

C. To get some electric power. D. To have her heater repaired.

5. A. To postpone his schedule. B. To book in another hotel.

C. To stay in the spare room. D. To reserve a room in advance.

6. A. Accident victims. B. Rescue work.

C. Plane crashes. D. Crash survivors.

7. A. He has some trouble with his computer. B. He isn't getting along well with the staff.

C. He hasn't registered for a proper course. D. He can't apply the theory to his program.

8. A. She went out of the way to meet the man. B. She was pleased to talk with the man.

C. She took the man where he wanted to go. D. She missed the chance to help the man.

9. A. Smith will keep the surprise party a secret. B. Lucy hasn't got any promise from Smith.

C. They shouldn't have told Lucy about the party. D. There's no secret between Smith and Lucy.

10. A. Volunteers have to connect the community.

B. The man has no time to do voluntary work.

C. Voluntary work requires devotion of time.

D. Many people have signed up for voluntary work.

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three question on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. Nick lost the book Ivan borrowed from the library.

B. The book Ivan borrowed from Nick was missing.

C. Nick and Ivan had conflicts in Ms. Salmon's class.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

(A)

We had to climb right up the hill , which is very steep, and ,when close under it , it seemed to be high, but we soon reached the top . When we were there, we had lost sight of the lake; and now our road was over a wild land.____25_____(go) a little way, we saw before us , at the distance of about half a mile, a very large stone building, with a high wall round it , neither field nor tree near. The wild land was overgrown with grey grass that cattle might feed upon. We could not tell ___26_____ this building was. It appeared ___27____ _______ it had been built strong to defend from storms; but for what purpose? William called out to us that we should observe that place well, for it was exactly like one of the shelters of the Alps(阿尔卑斯山), ___28____(build) for the reception of travelers, and indeed I had thought it ____29_____ be so. This building, from its singular structure and appearance, made the place , which is itself in a country ____30_____ Scotland, remarkable.

When we ___31____(pass) it and looked back, three pyramidal mountains on the opposite side of Lock Lomond ended the view, ____32_____ in certain kind of weather might be very grand. Our highland companion had not got enough English to give us any information concerning this srange building . What we could only get from her was that it was a "large house", which was plain enough.

(B)

All plants need water to grow. Watering plants seems like a simple task but it actually requires many considerations. For example , plants growing in areas with low rainfall or areas ____33___(expose) to dry wind require more water. On the other hand, plants which have a good adaptation to dry conditions or have the ability to store water in their cells require ___34_____(frequent) watering . The watering of plants should not be viewed as a minor process in gardening ___35______ this task plays an extremely important role in ensuring healthy plant growth.

Let's first take a closer look at plants growing in gardens. Since watering is a critical gardening task, ____36___ accessible water supply is vital. A garden tap with a hose of sufficient length to reach the furthest part of the garden ____37_____(prefer). This tends to make watering much easier and ensures adequate water is provided for the plants. Most inexperienced gardeners water little ____38____very frequently. This is undesirable as it encourages shallow root growth. In addition, watering in full sun causes leaves to lose water quickly from the surface of the soil. Therefore, some experts recommend ____39______(install) an automatic watering system.

As for plants growing in pots or containers, they tend to lose water rapidly. One way to reduce such a risk is ____40_____(group) the plants close together to keep moisture. Try to move them to a shady place if you are away from home for a few days. Otherwise, you will return home to see your plants dead.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,

C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Early in the age of affluence (富裕) that followed World War II, an American economic analyst declared, "Our enormously productive economy demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into habits, that we seek our __51___ satisfaction, our self-satisfaction in consumption. We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced at an ever ___52___ rate." Americans have __53____ to the call, and much of the world has followed.

Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even deeply rooted in social ___54__. Opinion surveys in the world's two largest economies, Japan and the United States, show consumerist definitions of success becoming very popular.

Over consumption by the fortunate in the world is an environmental problem ___55___ in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their increasing exploitation of resources __56___ to exhaust or unalterably spoils forests, soils, water, air and climate.

Ironically (有讽刺意味的), high consumption may be a __57___ blessing in human terms, too. The time-honored values of integrity of character, good work, friendship, family and community have often been ___58___ in the rush to riches.

Thus, many people in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow. With the __59____ of a consumerist culture, they also think that they have been ___60__ attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things.

___61___, the opposite of overconsumption —poverty —is no ___62___ to either environmental or human problems. It is much worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Peasants who have nothing left cut-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads (游牧民) turn their animals out onto African grassland, reducing it to ___63____.

If environmental ___64___ results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? When does having more ___65___ to add noticeably to human satisfaction?

51. A. natural B. spiritual C. cultural D. actual

52. A. promising B. promoting C. falling D. increasing

53. A. proved B. returned C. responded D. persevered

54. A. values B. moralities C. identities D. problems

55. A. qualified B. unmatched C. compared D. unprocessed

56. A. happens B. manages C. starts D. threatens

57. A. mixed B. detected C. counted D. terrified

58. A. promoted B. sacrificed C. satisfied D. relieved

59. A. improving B. neglecting C. sponsoring D. misleading

60. A. fruitlessly B. successfully C. occasionally D. eagerly

61. A. As a result B. For instance C. Of course D. From then on

62. A. solution B. pollution C. consideration D. contribution

63. A. attraction B. rubbish C. homeland D. desert

64. A. construction B. destruction C. development D. improvement

65. A. remain B. occur C. cease D. happen

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.

(A)

Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to relatives and neighbors, and substituted in their place loosel relationships with passing acquaintances(相识之人). However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else.

Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers.

These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young trouble makers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social heterogeneity(多样性). For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan(见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size.

66. According to the paragraph 1, it was once a common belief that people in modern society __________ .

A) tended to acqaint themselves with people passing by

B) could not develop very close relationships wth others

C) bore great responsibilities to neighbors and relatives

D) usually had more friends than small-town residents

67. One of the consequences of urbanism is that the city residents __________ .

A. suffer fron the lack of friendship B. lower the quality of relationships

C. show little concern for other people D. become suspicious of each other

68.We can learn from the passage that the bigger a community is,__________

A) the more open-minded people are B. the more similar its interests is

C) the more likely it it to display stress D) the better its quality of life is

69. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Advantages and disadvantages of living in big cities or small towns

B. Minor differences in the interpersonal relations between cities and towns

C The positive role that urbanism has been playing in our modern society.

D The strong feeling of alienation that city inhabitants are suffering.

(B)

TRAIN TRAVEL INFORMATION

We offer several distinct options for you to choose the ticket that suits you best.

CHANGES AND REFUNDS

Tickets may be refunded not later 5 minutes before the departure of the train for a charge of 15% of the ticket price, or the journey may be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price. (Not applicable to same day returns.)

CHANGES FOR SAME DAY TRAVEL

You may change your ticket once without charge for a journey on the same day as the original ticket.

INFORMA TION OF INTEREST TO TRAVELLERS

When you buy your ticket, it is up to you to check that the dates and time of the journey on it are exactly as you requested.

Tickets control and access to each train platform will be open until 2 minutes before departure of the train.

Each traveler may take one suitcase and one item of hand luggage. You may also check in 15kgs of luggage not later than 30 minutes before departure, at no extra charge.

If you would like to charter a train, or make reservations for over 25 passengers traveling together, call the Sales Department.

OUR TIMETABLE IS GUARANTEED

If the arrival of your train at you destination is delayed by more than 5 minutes according to the timetable, we will refund the full price of your ticket if the delay is caused by our company.

70.How much will a passenger pay if he wants to alter his ticket to three days later?

A.25% of the original price B.20% of the original price

C.15% of the original price D.10% of the original price

71.The limit of luggage for a single passenger is A.One suitcase, one handbag and one 15kgs check-in luggage

B.One handbag, two pieces of 15kgs check-in luggage.

C.One handbag and two pieces of 15kgs check-in luggage.

D.One suitcase, one handbag and one 30kgs check-in luggage.

72.What does the Train Company guarantee?

A.Students,children,senior citizens and groups can get 25% discount of the original price.

B.Passengers get the full price of the tickets back if the train if delayed over five minutes.

C.Same-day-returns can be fully refunded if they are canceled two minutes before departure.

D.People with Globe-trotter tickets can take any kind of the discounts listed in the brochure.

(C)

How do predators (猎食动物) affect populations of the prey (猎物) animals? The answer is not as simple as might be thought. The Moose(麋鹿) reached Isle Royale in Lake Superior by crossing over winter ice and bred freely there in isolation without predators. When wolves later reached the island, naturalists widely assumed that the wolves would play a key role in controlling the moose population. Careful studies have demonstrated, however, that this is not the case. The wolves eat mostly old or diseased animals that would not survive long anyway. In general, the moose population is controlled by food availability, disease and other factors rather than by wolves.

When experimental populations are set up under simple laboratory conditions, the predator often wipes out its prey and then becomes extinct itself. However, if safe areas like those prey animals have in the wild are provided, the prey population drops to low level but not extinction. Low prey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators, causing the predator population to decrease. When this occurs, the prey population can rebound . In this situation the predator and prey population may continue in this cyclical pattern for some time.

Population cycles are characteristic of small mammals, and they sometimes appear to be brought about by predators. Ecologists studying hare populations have found that the North American snowshoe hare follows a roughly ten-year cycle. Its numbers fall tenfold to thirty in a typical cycle, and a hundredfold change can occur. Two factors appear to be generating the cycle: food plants and predators.

The preferred foods of snowshoe hares are tender willow branches. As the hare population increases, the quantity of these branches decreases, forcing the hares to feed on low-quality high-fiber food. Lower birth rates and low growth rates follow, so there is a corresponding decline in hare abundance. Once the hare population has declined, it takes two to three year for the quantity of branches to recover.

A key predator of the snowshoe hare is the Canada lynx. The Canada lynx shows a ten-year cycle of abundance(大量) that parallels the abundance cycle of hares. As hare numbers fall, so do lynx numbers, as their food supply decreased.

Predators are an essential factor in maintaining communities that are rich and diverse in species. Without predators, the species that is the best competitor for food, shelter, and other environmental resources tends to dominate and exclude the species with which it competes. This

phenomenon is known as “competitor exclusion”. However, if the community contains a predator of the strongest competitor species, then the population of that competitor is controlled. Thus even the less competitive species are able to survive. From the stand point of diversity(多样性), it is usually a mistake to eliminate a major predator from a community.

73. The author uses the example of the moose and wolves on Isle Royale to _________________.

A. provide evidence that predators influence prey populations

B. question the belief in the effect of predators on prey populations

C. demonstrate predator population grows faster than that of the prey

D. prove that studies of isolated populations tend to be useful

74. The word “rebound ” in the passage is closest in meaning to _____________.

A. React B. Resist C. Remain D. Recover

75. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Laboratory results can’t explain the changes in predator and prey populations of the wild.

B. The growth of hare population may lead to a corresponding increase in its birth rates.

C. The experimental environments can promote the growth of predator and prey populations.

D. The existence of a major predator in a community is a threat to the diversity of species.

76. What can we conclude from the passage about the cycle of the Canada lynx?

A. When hare numbers decrease, lynx numbers increase.

B. It has a great effect on the number of snowshoe hare.

C. It closely follows the cycle of the snowshoe hare.

D. It is not directly related to the availability of lynx food.

77. What is the best title of this passage?

A. What role predators play in keeping competitor species.

B. Whether predators have an impact on prey populations.

C. A study of the populations of the predator and prey animals.

D. Contributing factors of the changes in animal populations.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

The herds of bulls and horses depicted running along the walls of the Lascaux caves in France are among the most magnificent examples of prehistoric art ever discovered.

Courage is a quality we cherish. Y et only lately has it been studied systematically to try to define what it is and is not, where it comes from and why we love it so much. "Courage helps to define the excellent person," write George Kateb, a political theorist at Princeton University. "One of the worst criticism in the world is to be called a coward, a quite timid person."

For many people, courage is most readily displayed in battle; for example, the brave soldier running into the line of fire to rescue the injured.

Y et George Kateb says that if courage finds its highest expression in war, then the trait (特性) becomes immoral, ennobling killing by insisting that only in battle can people discover the depths of their nobility. Thus, it makes killing a noble thing.

Stanley J Rachman of the University of British Columbia studies paratroopers (伞兵) preparing for their first jump. The work revealed three different groups: the fearless who jumped without hesitation; the timid whose fear kept them from jumping; and finally, the ones who reacted physiologically like the timid but acted like the fearless leaper, and jumped.

Rachman considered the final group courageous, defining courage as "a behavioral approach in spite of the experience of fear". Thus, courage becomes the property of anyone who does something that he or she fears.

In interviewing 320 children aged from 8 to 13, Peter Muris of Erasmus University, Rotterdam, of the Netherlands and his colleagues found that children also consider courage as the conquering of one's fears; and more than 70% claimed they had performed brave acts, including stealing money from one's mother's purse.

Joel Berger, a biologist with the Wildlife Conservation Society in Montana, US, also distinguishes between animals that behave bravely due to a lack of awareness and experience, and those that are aware of a danger but proceed anyway.

He recalled the time he and his colleagues had cornered a young bison (野牛) to take blood samples. At that time, an adult male bison was standing guard, refusing to let the scientists approach. "He knew that he could be attacked by us," said Berger. "I'd call this a courageous, even heroic act."

78. What does George Kateb think of courage?

79. Why did Rachman think that the third group were courageous?

80. Peter Muris found that most children demonstrated their courage _______________________ .

81. The writer uses the example of an adult bison to _______________________ .

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS)

II 卷（共47分）

I ．Translation(22分)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 人们越来越依赖互联网。（dependent ）

2. 他有远大抱负，要成为一名宇航员。（ambition ）

3. 这款手机一上市就吸引了世界各地的年轻人。 （Hardly ）

4. 你是不是就在这家新开的饭店里看见嫌犯实施犯罪？ (it)

5. 她一直犹豫是否要做手术，直到医生确切地告诉她到目前为止手术没有失败过时，才下决心做手术。 （assure ）

II. Guided Writing（25分）

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150words according to the instructions.

你是李华，为解决你所在的学校公益社团(public welfare society)的资金短缺问题，请给全校学生写一封募捐信，募集5000元善款。信中必须包括：

1. 向全校的捐款号召。

2. 你发起这一活动的理由。

3. 你准备怎样使用善款的计划。

（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等任何真实信息）

长宁区2015高三英语二模试卷

第I 卷

I. Listening Comprehension (30 分)

1----5 BDCDB 6---10 BDCAC （1—10 每题1分）

11-13 BCD 14--16 CAD （11—16 每题2分）

（17—24 每题1分，任何一词拼错扣1分）

17. fishing 18. coping （cope 认可） 19. background

20. note-taking （没连字号扣半分） 21. strong winds （the strong wind 认可） 22. killer whales （没写出killer 或没加复数扣半分）

23. the return trip （没有the 不扣分） 24. （for ）three /3 hours （加for 不扣分）

II. Grammar and Vocabulary （26分, 每题1分）

25. Having gone / Going 26. what 27. as if /as though 28. built

29. must 30. like 31. passed /had passed 32. which

33. exposed 34. less frequent 35. as /for/ because/since 36.an

37. is preferred 38. but 39. installing 40. to group

41--50 B D G K A I J E H F

III. Reading Comprehension （47分）

（51—65 每题1分） 51—65 BDCAB DABDA CADBC

（66—81 每题2分）66---69 BCAB 70—72 DA B 73—77 BDACB

78. Courage helps define the excellent person.

79. Because they conquered their fears and jumped.

Because they jumped in spite of / despite their fears

80. by performing bravely and blindly.

81. illustrate / show / prove that animals are also courageous.

illustrate / show / prove that animals also have courage.

Illustrate /show (that) some animals still proceed despite / in spite of / facing / faced with danger

第II 卷

I. Translation （22分）

1. People have become /been more and more dependent on the Internet.

… are becoming…

2. He has a great ambition to be / of being / of becoming an astronaut.

3. Hardly had this kind of cell phone been put / been launched on the market when it

attracted/drew/appealed to young people all over/across / throughout the world.

4. Was it in the newly opened restaurant that you witnessed / saw (that) the suspect committed the

crime?

…saw the suspect commit / committing the crime…

5. She hesitated (whether)to take / have / receive the operation (or not), so she didn’t decide to take it/didn’t make up her mind （to take it ）until her doctor assured her that this kind of operation had never failed/ had no case of the operation had ever failed.

II ．Writing （25分）