考研英语精选必背作文素材

精选必背作文素材 （九大原则词汇）（

一、金钱原则词汇

资产 asset v.

浪费 be extravagant

预算 budget n.

消费品 consumer goods

贵重的 costly a.

存钱 deposit vt.

经济负担 economic burden

经济困难 economic difficulty

花费 expend vt.

奢侈的 extravagant a.

资助 finance n. 接受某人的资助

经济资助 finance aid 给某人经济资助

资金紧张 finance strain 某部门资金紧张

政府税收 government revenue

医疗保健 healthcare 政府的医疗保健

无家可归 homeless

饥饿 hunger n.

收入 income n.

保险 insurance n.

投资 invest v.

失业者 jobless n.

下岗工人 laid-off worker

滥用 lavish v.

有限的公共资金 limited public funds

赚钱的 lucrative a.

豪华的 luxurious a.

挥霍 money-consuming a.

拜金主义的 money-oriented a.

必需品 necessity n.

贫困的 needy a.

透支 overdraft v.

抵押 pawn v.

财产 property

节约紧缩开支 retrench vi.

赢利的 profitable a.

津贴 subsidize v.

纳税人 taxpayer

福利 welfare

二、健康原则词汇

有氧运动 aerobic exercise

平衡饮食 balanced diet

有害健康的 be physically damaging

过于肥胖的 bloated

致癌的 cancer-causing

食肉类的 carnivorous adj

慢性的 chronic

方便食品 convenience food

治愈 cure

头昏眼花的 dizzy

危及 endanger vt

精力充沛的 energetic adj.

传染病 epidemics

根除 eradicate vt.

使恶化 exasperate vt.

过量摄入 excessive intake

排气 exhaust

疲劳 fatigue n.

高脂肪高热量 high fat and calorie

免疫的 immune

绝症 incurable disease

消化不良 indigestion

懒惰的 indolent adj.

传染病 infectious disease

失眠症 insomnia n.

垃圾食品 junk food

慢跑 jog

预期寿命 life expectancy

减肥 lose weight

疾病 malady

营养不良 malnutrition

医学的 medical

近视 near-sighted

营养品 nourishment n.

器官移植 organ transplant

超重 overweight

预防 prevention

治疗 treatment

肿瘤 tumor

提供营养 nourish

卡路里 calorie

饥饿 starvation

营养不良 malnutrition

三、智力原则词汇

表达能力 ability of expression

洞察力 acumen

熟练的 adept

赏识 appreciate vt.

评价 assessment n.

智力 brains n

发挥才干 bring into the talents

证书 certificate n.

创造性的 creative adj

培养 cultivate vt.

识别力 discernment n.

天资 endowment n.

开发 explore vt.

幻想的 fantastic adj.

理想主义 idealism n.

个性 individuality n.

天赋 inherence n.

本能的 instinctive adj.

智商 intelligence quotient

有文化 literacy

掌握 master vt.

值得称赞的品质 merit n.

激情 passion n.

观点 perspective n.

充分发挥 put into great play

素质教育 quality education

荒谬的 ridiculous adj.

生存能力 survival ability

依赖科技的technology-dependent adj.

远程教育 tele-education n.

思维模式 thinking pattern

智慧 wit n.

四、文化原则词汇

传统与现代巧妙结合 a clever blend of

traditional and modern

同一的世界文化 a homogenous world culture

归属感 a sense of belonging

土著文化 aboriginal culture

吸取精华 absorb the quintessence

吸收 absorb

美学价值 aesthetic

祖先 ancestor

古代的 ancient

人类学家 anthropologists

陈旧观念 antiquated idea

艺术价值 artistic value

同化 assimilate vt.

丰富的 be abundant adj.

传递 be passed down

灿烂光辉的文化 brilliant and gorgeous

culture

发扬光大 carry forward

著名的 celebrated

特有的 characteristic adj

文明的 civilized adj.

凝聚力 cohesion n.

文化摇篮 cradle of culture

培养 cultivate vt.

文化习惯 cultural habit

文化遗产 cultural heritage

文化特性 cultural identity

文化古迹 cultural objects and historicrelics

文化、精神和学术生活 cultural, spiritual,

and intellectual life

狂热的崇拜 cult n.

破坏 devastate vt.

知识的传播 diffusion n.

多样性 diversity n.

民族文化特色 ethnic and cultural identity

节日气氛 festivity n.

民间艺术 folk art

文化全球一体化 globalization of culture

博大精深 great and profound

手工艺 handicraft n.

历史文物 historic relics

文盲 illiteracy

不朽的 immortal adj.

正流行 in vogue

根深蒂固的看法 ingrain notion

继承 inherit n.

有意义的 instructive adj.

少数民族 minority n.

民族特性 national identity

民族自豪感 national pride

思想开放 open-minded adj.

不流行了的 out of fashion

外来影响 outside influence

通俗的 popular adj.

宝贵的 precious adj.

取其精华去其糟粕 reject the dross and

assimilate the essence

表现、象征 represent vt.

保护 retention n.

社会学 sociology n.

壮丽的 splendid adj.

时髦的 stylish adj.

表面的 superficial adj.

传统文化教育traditional cultural education

以……为骄傲 take pride in

种族传统 tribal traditions

多样性 variety n. 精选必背作文素材（图表写作常用词汇）

表格图table ；图表chart ；diagram graph column

描述：show; describe; illustrate; reveal; represent

数字figure; 数据 statistic; 百分比 percentage; 比例 proportion 一般have 10%; at 20%; over 40% 在面积上in area

最高peaks; reached a peak/high point

最低 bottomed out; reached the bottom

变化 increase; jump; rise; climb; decrease; fall; drop; decline; reduce; fluctuate; remain; steady; stable; stay; same

程度 sudden/suddenly; rapid/rapidly; dramatic/dramatically; significant/significantly; sharp/sharply; steep/steeply;

gradual/gradually; slow/slowly; slight/slightly; stable/stably; almost; nearly; approximately; exactly; precisely；increase by

/decrease by (写出变化幅度)

合计200美元 add up to $200 总数达：add up to

占世界总人数的20% make up 20% of

从……增加到 rose/grew/climbed from…to

增加到 grew up to 增至最高峰：Rise to a high of

减少到 decrease to 跌至最低谷：drop to a low of

大幅度增长 increase sharply 飞速：rapidly ；sharply ；steeply 高居榜首 Top the list/head the chart

饼状图/圆形图（pie chart） 稳固下降steady decline

由…组成：consist of/be made up of /be composed of

占44%比例：account for /make up 44 percent

位居第一：rank the first 仅次于is second to

居第二位：in second spot 倒数第一is the last one

第二大部份rank the second/the second largest section

与.. 相比：compared with

A 与B 成比例A be in proportion to B

差不多：About/around/roughly 多达 as many as

正好：Exactly/precisely 水平：level off

递增：on the rise/increase/grow/rise/climb/go up

急剧上升: grow sharply;

递减：on the decline/decrease/fall/reduce/go down

曲线图（graph/chart/diagram）柱状图（bar chart）

增加：increase/grow/rise/climb/go up

减少：decrease/decline/fall/reduce/go down

剧烈/显著/大幅度：sharply/dramatically/significantly / rapidly

/considerably / enormously/ profoundly/substantially 平稳/逐渐：steadily / gradually / slightly

持续上升/下降：on an increase / on the decline

保持不变：remain stable / remain steady / remain unchanged 上升后变得平稳：reach a plateau

达到顶点/低谷：reach the top/peak / fall to the bottom

波动： fluctuate /rise and fall

达到了：reach / approach / add up to / amount to / increase to / decrease to

某年发生的变化:1998 saw/ witnessed a sharp increase in…. 是1998年的2倍：was twice as many as that in 1998 从图表上看：From these graphs

得到结论：draw a conclusion

精选必背作文素材（关于生活体验等）（常考，特别重要）

1. 产品科技含量 technological element of product

2. 大学生创业 university students’ innovative undertaking

3. 双赢局面 win-win situation

4. 首创精神 pioneering spirit

5. 振兴中华 make China powerful and strong;

6. 富裕 affluence

7. 繁荣 boom

8. 购买力 buying power

9. 竞争 competition

10. 生活费用 cost of living

11. 解决问题 crack the nuts

12. 大家公认 it is universally acknowledged that

13. 全力以赴 bring one’s talent into full play

14. 适应新的形势变化 adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change

15. 获得成功 achieve/accomplish success

16. 提出观点 advance/put forward/come up with

arguments/ideas

17. 较好地驾驭生活 be a better pilot of one’s life

18. 对……很好的了解 have a better understanding of

19. 把某种因素考虑进去 take sth. into

account/consideration;

20. give much thought to

21. 品味人生/自由/青春savor the life/freedom/youth

22. 交流经验 share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge

23. 发挥，起到积极作用play an important/active/great role/part

24. 面临困难危险be confronted with danger/difficulty; in the face of

25. 阻碍了成功stand in the way of success; be an

obstacle/barrier to

26. 缩小差别 narrow/fill the gap/gulf (between city and country)

27. 把成功/错误归因于 attribute/owe one’s success/failure to

28. 对……重要 be vital/important/indispensable to

29. 施加压力 exert/put pressure on

30. 重视 attach/assign much importance/significance to

31. 把注意力集中在 focus/concentrate one’s attention/efforts upon

32. 抓住机会 grab/seize/take the opportunity

33. 有可能 there is (little/much) possibility/likelihood that

34. 献身于devote/dedicate/commit oneself to a cause/career

35. 真正重要的是 what really matters/counts is

36. 影响思想，态度 shape one’s thinking/attitude

37. 实现自己的理想，愿望 realize/fulfill/achieve one’s dream/hope;

38. 减轻压力，紧张 reduce/alleviate the stress/pressure

39. 提高社会地位 upgrade social status; enhance social

position

40. 加快，促进发展 accelerate/advance/enhance the development

41. 随着生活节奏的加快with the quickening pace of modern life

42. 充满激情have a burning desire for

43. 充满渴望have a great passion for

44. 沮丧的gloomy; 客观的 objective; 主观的 subjective

45. 乐观的 optimistic ;悲观的 pessimistic;

46. 怨恨的 resentful ;可敬的 respectable

47. 深远的影响 far-reaching consequences

48. 以其最强有力的形式 in its strongest form

49. 挣钱养活自己 earn one’s living

50. 赡养父母 support one’s parents

51. 普遍现象 common phenomenon

52. 现代社会 modern society

53. 相互对立 in opposition to each other

54. 不管 no matter how

55. 如何对待财富与幸福 how to approach wealth and happiness?

56. 一个更美好更光明的未来 a much better and brighter future

57. 从失败中吸取教训 draw useful lessons from

58. 丧失信心并退却了 lose heart and give in

59. 人民对待……的看法截然不同 people are quite different from each other in their opinions on…

60. 无可否认 there is no denying the fact that

61. 赏识他的非凡的能力 appreciate his exceptional ability

62. 人才招聘会 job-hunting

63. 大势所趋 the wave of the future

64. 一时冲动 an impulse activity

65. 体力劳动 physical labor

66. 灵活的 flexible

67. 充分发挥……的积极性 bring one’s initiative into full play

精选必背作文素材（关于教育的词汇）（非常重要）

1. 入学 enter ； entrance

2. 登记；注册 become a member of； to enroll； enrollment ； register ； registration

3. 录取 admission ； be admitted to； accept

4. 获取进一步教育 obtain further education

5. 要求；录取条件 requirements

6. 录取标准 admission standards

7. 学习成绩 academic record； academic achievements

8. 索要申请材料 request for application material

9. 教育目标 educational goals

10. 文凭 diploma

11. 学位 degree

12. 教育体制 educational system

13. 学前教育 pre-school education

14. 小学 primary schools；elementary schools

15. 中学 middle schools； high schools

16. 初中 junior middle school； junior high school

17. 高中 senior middle school； senior high school

18. 职业学校；技术学校 vocational schools； technical schools

19. 大学；学院 colleges ； universities ； institutes

20. 同样地；类似地 likewise ； similarly ； in the same way

21. 与……相似；与……一致；和……等同 be the same as； correspond to； agree with； resemble ； be equivalent to

22. 相反；与……不同；相比而言；另一方面；不过 in contrast； by contrast with/to； on the other hand； on the contrary； by comparison

23. 与……不同 different from

24. 不同之处；差别；差异；区别distinction ； dissimilarity ；

25. 尖端科学advanced science

26. 一流的设施 first-rate facilities

27. 扩大知识面 broaden one’s scope of knowledge

28. 人生观 outlook on life

29. 体验新文化 experience a new culture

30. 优缺点 strengths and weakness

31. 高素质、有经验的老师 highly qualified, well experienced teaching staffs

32. 多文化 multicultural

33. 脱颖而出 stand out from the crowd

34. 核心能力 core competencies

35. 独立思考 think independently

36. 挑战 challenge

37. 机遇 opportunities

38. 开阔视野 expand your horizons

39. 与人交往 integrate with other people

40. 人际交往能力 interpersonal skill

41. 建设性 constructive

42. 前景 prospects

43. 国际声誉 world class reputation

44. 发挥学习潜能 reach his or her full learning potential

45. 素质教育 education for all-round development

46. 知识产权 intellectual property rights

47. 失学儿童 dropout student

48. 扫盲 eliminate illiteracy

49. 人才外流 brain drain

50. 复合型人才 inter-disciplinary talent

51. 教书育人 impart knowledge and educate people

52. 精神文明建设 promote cultural and ideological progress

53. 科教兴国 rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation

54. 因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude

55. 义务教育 compulsory education

56. 知识经济 knowledge-based economy

57. 丰富生活 enrich our life

58. 扩大视野 broaden my horizon

59. 接触各种思想 be exposed to new ideas/experience

60. 产生影响 have/exert a profound influence on life/personality;

61. have a dramatic/undesirable effect on

62. 开阔眼界broaden one’s outlook; expand one’s mental horizons

63. 充分发挥能力give full play to one’s ability

64. 论题，主题：themes

65. 大学毕业生 university graduates

66. 儿童教育 child education

67. 热门话题 hot topic

68. 教育专家 educational expert

69. 保护知识产权 protect intellectual property

70. 成人教育和职业教育 adult education and vocational education

71. 文化素质 cultural qualities

72. 推动 give a push to

73. 促进进步 promote progress

74. 概念 concept

75. 改进教和学 improve teaching and learning

76. 按分数 according to the grades

77. 培养 train, cultivate

78. 地区性的 regional

79. 读写困难 difficulties for employment

80. 就业机会 opportunities for employment

81. 受过良好教育 well-educated

82. 遗憾的是 it is a pity that

83. 造成了困难 cause some difficulties

84. 希望工程 Hope Project

85. 青年志愿者 Young Volunteers

86. 有用的知识 useful knowledge

87. 创新 innovation

88. 分析的技巧 analytical skill 精选必背作文素材（关于住房、生活条件等的词汇）

1. 生活条件 living conditions

2. 归因于 be attributed to

3. 提高……的能力 enhance the ability to

4. 生活水平 living standard

5. 刺激人们对……的渴望 stimulate people’s desire for

6. 制定政策 formulate policies

7. 向……提供贷款 grant loans to

8. 为…拨出大量资金 allocate huge funds for

9. 象征 serve as a symbol of

10. 改进生活better one’s life

11. 随着物价和房租迅速上升 with the prices and house rents increasing rapidly

12. 高层建筑 high buildings

13. 涌入城市 rush into the city

14. 前景不容乐观 the condition is still far from being satisfactory

15. 当务之急是 it is urgent for us to …

16. 开拓地下空间 open up underground housing area

17. 住房问题 housing problem

18. 公寓 flat

19. 买房 buy accommodation

20. 首付 down payment

21. 院子 yard

22. 选择合适的房址 choose a proper location

23. 当地居民 local residents

24. 当地政府 local authorities

25. 计划生育 birth control

26. 脱贫致富 shake off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity

27. 突围困难 make breakthrough out of difficulty

28. 许多问题 a host of/a multitude of problems

29. 引起人们的注意 attract general/public attention to sth.

30. 意识到 there is a growing awareness that;

31. 随着物价和房租迅速上升 with the prices and house rents increasing rapidly

32. 人均收入迅速提高 average personal income increase rapidly

33. 人口的出生率已经大大下降 there has been a great decline in birth rates

34. 人民生活改善 the improvement in people’s living conditions

35. 改革开放政策 the reform and opening-up policy

36. 国民经济正在迅速发展 there has been a rapid expansion of national economy

37. 出生率已得到控制 the birth rate has been put on the control

38. 对……的生存造成显著的威胁 cause the most significant threat to the survival of …

39. 日益增长的需求 ever-increasing demand

40. 满足人民日益增长的需求 meet the growing needs of people

41. 死亡率/出生率 death rates; birth rates

42. 医疗保健的改革 the improvement in medical care

43. 假冒伪劣商品 fake and inferior products

44. 多余的 redundant

45. 难以抗拒的 irresistibly

46. 房地产 real estates

47. 刺激 spur

48. 动摇信心 shatter confidence

49. 大城市 metropolis

50. 空调 air-conditioning; air-conditioner;(空调机)

51. 远远超过 far surpass

52. 左右为难 dilemma

53. 代价太高 high cost

54. 与日俱增 increase every day

55. 生活质量 the quality of life

56. 偏远地区 remote areas

57. 高层建筑 high-rising building

58. 住房建设 housing construction

59. 从长远的观点看 in the long run

60. 境况 circumstance

61. 必然结论 inevitable conclusion

62. 广大农村 vast rural areas

63. 推广 spread

64. 把……应用于生产 apply …to production

65. 温饱问题 the people’s basic need for food and clothing

66. 消费者协会 consumer association

67. 小康生活 living a relatively comfortable life

68. 不容忽视 cannot be ignored

69. 生活环境变得卫生 living environment become sanitary 精选必背作文素材（关于互联网的词汇）

1. 互联网 the Internet

2. 对…着迷，为…所困扰 be obsessed with

3. 网恋 cyber romance

4. 对……表现出极大的兴趣 to display much interest in

5. 引起人们的兴趣和注意 to arouse people’s interest and concern

6. 找出……的原因 to trace the reason for...

7. 由于thanks to (好的方面) due to（不好的方面）

8. 高度的压力 high pressure

9. 被剥夺 to be deprived of

10. 在现实生活中 in real life

11. 爱上某人 to fall in love with sb.

12. 虚幻的世界 unreal world

13. 尝试新事物 to try new things

14. 说谎 to tell lies

15. 形成正确态度 develop a correct attitude

16. 正确利用 to make proper use of

17. 成为……的牺牲品 to fall victim to

18. 网上经营 web business

19. 网上文化 online culture

20. 大众传播媒介 mass media

21. 网上购物 on-line shopping

22. 发电子邮件 forward an e-mail

23. 网络经济 Cyber Economy

24. 网上冲浪 surf the net

25. 技术进步 technological advancement

26. 跟得上变化 keep up with the change

27. 计算机的发明 invention of computers

28. 信息安全 information security

29. 盲目追逐时尚 follow some fashion blindly

30. 形成不良活习气 be tempted into an unhealthy lifestyle

31. 信息网络 information network

32. 影响人们行为举止 influence the way that people behave

33. 视觉娱乐节目 visual entertainment

34. 易受影响的 susceptible

35. 科技的发展 advance in science and technology

精选必背作文素材（关于青少年犯罪和生活的词汇 ）

1. 青少年犯罪率 adolescent crime rate

2. 持续上升 keep on a rise

3. 违反法律 break the law

4. 应该是 re supposed to be

5. 引起警惕和关注 cause alarm and attention

6. 放火, 纵火 arson

7. 在大街上抢劫同龄人 rob their peers on the street

8. 社会和经济背景 social and economic backgrounds

9. 青少年罪犯 young offenders

10. 青少年犯罪率的升降 the rise and fall of adolescent crime rate

11. 保持在最低点remain at a minimum

12. 预测后果predict the consequences

13. 尽可能接受更多的教育receive as much education as possible

14. 使他们免受暴力的影响protect them from the influence of violence

15. 将不良影响减小到最低点reduce the bad influence to a minimum

16. 避免不良后果avoid harsh consequences

17. 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency

18. 拜金主义 money worship

19. 虐待儿童 child abuse

20. 人们认为 it is generally /widely believed/held/agreed that

21. 剥夺机会 deprive oneself of the chance/right

22. 电视暴力对青少年行为有很大的影响力 violence on TV has a great influence on young adults’ behavior

23. 为了维护社会治安 in order to keep law and order

24. 应该接受法律教育 should be supposed to get a law education

25. 越来越多的人increasing number of people

26. 流行的，时尚的 faddy

27. 提供营养 nourish

28. 饥饿 starvation

29. 营养不良 malnutrition 精选必背作文素材（关于自然生态环境保护的词汇）

1. 保护环境 to protect the environment

2. 生态系统 ecology; ecological system

3. 丰富的自然资源 abundant natural resources

4. 可再生资源 renewable resources

5. 石油petroleum; 太阳能 solar energy; 电力electric power; 水电hydropower; 风能wind energy; 核能nuclear energy；

6. 野生动物wild life; wild animals

7. 濒临灭绝的物种endangered species

8. 用尽 to deplete; depletion of; exhaust; use up

9. 滥用地球资源abuse the earth’s resources

10. 砍伐森林deforestation

11. 沙漠化desertification

12. 危害现存物种endanger existing species

13. 全球变暖global warming

14. 温室效应 greenhouse effect

15. 破坏臭氧层 to destroy the ozone layer

16. 继续发展to continue to develop;

17. 保护to save; to preserve; preservation

18. 为了子孙后代for the future generations; for our descendants

19. 为进一步发展for further development

20. 重复利用；再生to recycle; recycling

21. 垃圾garbage ；废物waste

22. 工业废料industrial waste

23. 废液liquid waste；废水water waste；废气exhaust gas

24. 可持续发展sustainable development；

25. 解决问题 solve problem

26. 能源危机 energy crisis

27. 环境恶化 the deterioration of environment

28. 携手 make joint efforts

29. 可居住 habitable

30. 生态环境破坏 destruction of ecological balance

31. 大量砍伐树木cut down large numbers of trees

32. 化工厂 chemical plant

33. 污染 contaminate n.

34. 排出一大堆废水 drain a large amount of waste water

35. 发出强烈的味道 give off a strong smell

36. 公共危害 public hazard

37. 采取强烈措施 adopt several strong measures

38. 一系列的环境保护条例必须制定a series of environment protection rules and regulations need to be laid down

39. 尽快 as soon as possible

40. 保护生态环境 preserve the ecological environment

41. 控制我们的环境 take control over our environment

42. 因……而遭受痛苦 be plagued with

43. 产生灾难性的影响 exert a disastrous effect on

44. 全球气候 global climate

45. 山洪爆发 mountain torrents break out

46. 淹没农田 flood farmland

47. 席卷 sweep

48. 混浊不清 unclear and impure

49. 深受其害 suffer a great deal from

50. 造成巨大损失/灾难 bring about a lot of losses / disasters

51. 向政府呼吁 appeal to the government

52. 建立一笔基金 set up a foundation

53. 保护森林资源 protect forest resources

54. 依法严惩 punish severely by the law

55. 鼓励市民 encourage city-residents

56. 极其严重的问题 extremely serious problem

57. 空气污染 air pollution

58. 采取有力措施 take strong measure to deal with

59. 众所周知 as is known to all

60. 缺乏淡水 lack of fresh water

61. 工业公司 industrial company

62. 做出了重要贡献 have made great contribution to

63. 工业的发展 the development of industry

64. 造成了许多公害 pose a host of public hazards

65. 导致了严重的后果 lead to grave consequences

66. 小沙丘 sand hills

67. 标题上写着 the caption reads

68. 水土保持 water and soil conservation

69. 赶走 drive sb. away

70. 与战斗 fight against

71. 任由态势发展 let this situation go as it is

72. 遭受破坏 suffer a great destruction

73. 温室效应 greenhouse effect

74. 不断发展 ever-accelerated

75. 天气预报 weather forecast

76. 太阳能 solar energy

77. 承担 take over

78. 功能 function

79. 追求眼前利益 pursue one’s short-term interest

80. 山区 mountain areas

81. 生态恶化 deterioration of the ecology

82. 酸雨 acid rain

83. 提高人们环境意识 raise people’s awareness of the environment

84. 保护生态环境 environmental protection

85. 用尽珍贵的资源 use up valuable energy resources

86. 保存资源 conserve resources

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