舞台灯光窍门
舞台灯光窍门
在现今许多电视及舞台节目制作中,不难看见灯光师利用不同的灯光效果,为节目增添更热闹的气氛,而当中很多璀璨的灯效,其实是透过图案片所投射的灯光造成。
然而,图案片只能透过颜色及图案做出固定的灯效,但对于一些独特的图案效果如汹涌波涛、小桥流水、猛烈火焰、天空白云等,便无从发挥,这对于灯光师来说,实在局限了他们的创意。故此,我们不难相信市场还有发展的空间,从而演变到有动感图案片的出现。
话虽如此,只有动感图案片还不代表可完美地做出独特的图案,它必须配合图案片,才能在舞台上,缔造出最美丽的灯光(当然亦不可少了颜色轮的作用)。
灯光效果:燃烧中的火焰
制造方法:螺旋形动感图案片+编号176图案片或编号175图案片。
无论任何的动感图案效果,其旋转速度以及影像对焦都会对投射效果有所影响,所以必需仔细地测试和设定。要做出熊熊烈火的效果,你可以于混色系统中加入大概70%紫红色(Magenta),以及大概90%的黄色,这样便可以混合出移动中的橙、黄及红色。
可考虑的动感图案片:椭圆形动感图案片可做出不规则的移动,亦可考虑使用圆形的图案片。
可考虑的图案片:任何标准的火焰图案片。
灯光效果:水中的涟漪
制造方法:放射形动感图案片+编号955图案片、编号958图案片或编号833图案片。
可先使用缓慢速度,做出较为平静的水流效果;如要做出较多的波纹,可替换一个有“波浪”形的图案片(例如:DHA的水映反射图案片906、火焰-4 960或火/浪238-275),以及使用可做出粗糙水纹的放射形动感图案片,或使用椭圆形的动感图案片来做出不规则的效果;当然,要加快动感图案片的旋转速度,才可加强不规则的效果。
可考虑的动感图案片:粗糙及放射形动感图案片可做出激流效果;螺旋形的动感图案片则可添加流水的效果。
可考虑的动感图案片:线性形401、402、501、504;花洒形882。
灯光效果:飘浮的白云
制造方法:云层形的动感图案片+编号163图案片、编号164图案片、编号167图案片、编号168图案片、编号170图案片。
白云的制造方法其实也与速度及对焦相关:使用缓慢的速度,便可以做出白云在天空静静飘浮的模样,而快捷的速度,便可以做出将会打雷及下大雨的厚云。
可考虑的图案片:可考虑一些没有网状的云层图案片,亦可根据想要的云层密度和种类而选择图案片。
总括而言,要令动感图案片及图案片配合得天衣无缝,其实要注意以下事项:
1.图案片的选择
选择图案片是最基本又是最重要一环,因为许
多有趣的效果,其实是透过改变焦距而成。
2.对焦
调校图案片至清晰的焦距,其实并不能达到理想的灯光效果,而且移动的幅度减少,效果亦不太理想;相反,把动感图案片调校至清晰焦距,就可以有更大的移动幅度,但图案就会消失了,而精确的投射质量和移动的方向,亦会受到对焦的影响,所以,要达到理想的灯光效果,仔细地研究焦距其实是十分重要的,这方面要特别留意。
3.移动的方向
动感图案片灵活的装拆系统,可透过DMX 512信号控制,把它调校至任何角度,例如:可利用横向的移动,来制造白云在空中飘浮的效果;或者利用直向的移动,做出上升的火焰,甚至是滂沱的大雨等。除此之外,有些不是直向或横向的动感图案效果,你可以尝试把水平或垂直通道对调,甚至把动感图案片转至相反方向来做出效果。再者,亦可以通过DMX的控制,决定动感轮的转动模式,而不只是连续地作出旋转,这对于做字体或商标投射时尤为有用。
4.速度
虽然动感图案片的转速会影响投射出来的效果,但其实亦要留意图案片与动感图案片本身的设计,太密或太疏对效果亦会有所影响。
5.颜色
选择备有CMY混色系统的灯具,动感图案轮所投射出来的效果便可做到流畅的变色,变化选择亦会更多。此外,在光束折射时,这个系统亦会做出颜色渐变,令动感图案的效果更有立体感(尤其是使用多个二向色颜色滤片)。
Stage Lighting Tips
In many of today's television and theatrical programming, it is obvious to see lighting division the use of different lighting effects to add even more excitement for the show the atmosphere and many of them bright light effect, in fact, through the film, projected images caused by light.
However, the pattern piece only through color and pattern to make a fixed light effect, but for some unique effects, such as the roaring waves of the pattern, small bridges, fierce flame, sky, white clouds and so on, will not be able to play, which is for the gaffer indeed restrict their creativity. Therefore, we can easily believe that the market there is room for development, thereby evolving into a dynamic pattern pieces appear.
Having said that, only the dynamic patterns can be the perfect film also does not mean to make a unique pattern, it must be with the pattern piece to the stage to create the most beautiful lighting (of course, also essential for the role of the color wheel).
Lighting effects: burning flames
Manufacturing Method: spiral-shaped dynamic pattern piece + No. 176 or No. 175 pattern patterns piece pieces.
Regardless of any effect of dynamic pattern, its rotation speed and image focus will have an impact on the projected results, so need to carefully test and settings. To make t
he effect of raging fire, you can join in the blending system, about 70% of the purple (Magenta), as well as about 90% of the yellow, so that we can mix out of a moving orange, yellow and red colors.
That can be considered dynamic pattern pieces: oval-shaped dynamic pattern pieces can be made by the irregular movement, may also consider using a circular pattern piece.
Chip design that could be considered: the flame of any standard pattern piece.
Lighting effects: the water ripples
Manufacturing methods: Radiation-shaped dynamic pattern patterns piece pieces + No. 955, No. 958 or No. 833 pattern patterns piece pieces.
Can first use the slow speed, making the relatively calm water effects; if we make more ripples can replace a "wave"-shaped pattern pieces (such as: DHA of water Ying-reflective film pattern 906, flame -4960 or fire / waves 238-275), and the use of radiation to make rough Watermark-shaped dynamic pattern pieces, or use the oval-shaped dynamic pattern pieces to make irregular results; Of course, to speed up the dynamic pattern of the rotation speed film in order to strengthen the irregular results.
That can be considered dynamic pattern piece: rough and radiation-shaped dynamic pattern pieces can make a torrent effects; spiral-shaped dynamic pattern pieces can be added the effect of flowing water.
Dynamic pattern piece that can be considered: linear-shaped 401,402,501,504; shower shape 882.
Lighting effects: floating clouds
Manufacturing Methods: The cloud-shaped dynamic pattern patterns piece pieces + No. 163, No. 164 pattern pieces, numbering 167 pattern pieces, numbered 168 pattern pieces, numbering 170 pattern pieces.
In fact, clouds are made with the speed and focus are also relevant: the use of slow speed, they can make white clouds floating in the sky, the appearance of a quiet, while the fast speed, they can make will be thunder and heavy rain, thick clouds.
Chip design that could be considered: You can consider some of the cloud patterns do not mesh film, also according to the desired density and types of clouds and choose pattern piece.
To sum up, to make dynamic pattern pieces and pictorial pieces make a perfect match, in fact, pay attention to the following:
1. The choice of pattern pieces
Select a pattern piece is the most basic is the most important part, because many interesting results, in fact made by changing the focal length.
2. Focus
Adjust the pattern pieces to a clear focus, in fact, can not achieve the desired lighting effects, but also a significant reduction in movement, the effect is less than ideal; On the contrary, the dynamic pattern piece set to a clear focus, we can have a greater range of movement , but the pattern will disappear, while the accurate projection of the quality and direction of movement, will also be focusing effect, therefore, to achieve the desired lighting effects, a careful study of the focal length is very important t
o pay special attention in this regard .
3. The direction of movement
Assembly and Disassembly dynamic and flexible system design sheet can be obtained via DMX 512 signal control, adjust it to any angle, for example: can use the horizontal movement, to create the effect of clouds floating in the air; or the use of vertical movement, so rising out of flames, and even torrential heavy rain and so on. In addition, some are not vertical or horizontal patterns of dynamic effects, you can try to horizontal or vertical channels reversed, and even the dynamic pattern pieces go in the opposite direction to make effect. In addition, also, through DMX control, the decision model of dynamic wheel rotation, not just to rotate continuously, This is done when the font or trademarks of projection is particularly useful.
4. Speed
Although the dynamic pattern pieces out of the speed will affect the projected results, but in fact have to pay attention to patterns and movement patterns piece pieces of the design, too dense or too sparse for results will also be affected.
5. Color
Choose with CMY color mixing system, lighting, dynamic patterns round out the effect of the projection can be smooth color, change will also have more choices. In addition, beam refraction, this system will make a color gradient, so that the effect of a more dynamic three-dimensional patterns (in particular the use of more than two colors to the color filter film).