标准电极电势
1 在酸性溶液中 (298K)
电对 Li(I)-(0) Cs(I)-(0) Rb(I)-(0) K(I)-(0) Ba(II)-(0) Sr(II)-(0) Ca(II)-(0) Na(I)-(0) La(III)-(0) Mg(II)-(0) Ce(III)-(0) H(0)-(-I) Al(III)-(0) Th(IV)-(0) Be(II)-(0) U(III)-(0) Hf(IV)-(0) Al(III)-(0) Ti(II)-(0)
方程式 Li++e-=Li Cs++e-=Cs Rb++e-=Rb K++e-=K Ba2++2e-=Ba Sr2++2e-=Sr Ca2++2e-=Ca Na++e-=Na La3++3e-=La Mg2++2e-=Mg Ce3++3e-=Ce H2(g)+2e-=2H- AlF63-+3e-=Al+6F- Th4++4e-=Th Be2++2e-=Be U3++3e-=U HfO2++2H++4e-=Hf+H2O Al3++3e-=Al Ti2++2e-=Ti
Eq/V -3.0401 -3.026 -2.98 -2.931 -2.912 -2.89 -2.868 -2.71 -2.379 -2.372 -2.336 -2.23 -2.069 -1.899 -1.847 -1.798 -1.724 -1.662 -1.630
Zr(IV)-(0) Si(IV)-(0) Mn(II)-(0) Cr(II)-(0) Ti(III)-(II) B(III)-(0) *Ti(IV)-(0) Te(0)-(-II) Zn(II)-(0) Ta(V)-(0) Cr(III)-(0) Nb(V)-(0) As(0)-(-III) U(IV)-(III) Ga(III)-(0) P(I)-(0) P(III)-(I) *C(IV)-(III) Fe(II)-(0) Cr(III)-(II) Cd(II)-(0)
ZrO2+4H++4e =Zr+2H2O
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-1.553 -1.24 -1.185 -0.913 -0.9 -0.8698 -0.86 -0.793 -0.7618 -0.750 -0.744 -0.644 -0.608 -0.607 -0.549 -0.508 -0.499 -0.49 -0.447 -0.407 -0.4030
SiF62-+4e-=Si+6F- Mn2++2e-=Mn Cr2++2e-=Cr Ti3++e-=Ti2+ H3BO3+3H++3e-=B+3H2O TiO2+4H++4e-=Ti+2H2O Te+2H++2e-=H2Te Zn2++2e-=Zn Ta2O5+10H++10e-=2Ta+5H2O Cr3++3e-=Cr Nb2O5+l0H++10e-=2Nb+5H2O As+3H++3e-=AsH3 U4++e-=U3+ Ga3++3e-=Ga H3PO2+H++e-=P+2H2O H3PO3+2H++2e-=H3PO2+H2O 2CO2+2H++2e-=H2C2O4 Fe2++2e-=Fe Cr3++e-=Cr2+ Cd2++2e-=Cd
Se(0)-(-II) Pb(II)-(0) Eu(III)-(II) Pb(II)-(0) In(III)-(0) Tl(I)-(0) Co(II)-(0) P(V)-(III) Pb(II)-(0) Ni (II)-(0) V(III)-(II) Ge(IV)-(0) Ag(I)-(0) Sn(II)-(0) Pb(II)-(0) *C(IV)-(II) P(0)-(-III) Hg(I)-(0) Fe(III)-(0) H(I)-(0) Ag(I)-(0)
Se+2H++2e =H2Se(aq)
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-0.399 -0.365 -0.36 -0.3588 -0.3382 -0.336 -0.28 -0.276 -0.2675 -0.257 -0.255 -0.182 -0.15224 -0.1375 -0.1262 -0.12 -0.063 -0.0405 -0.037 0.0000 0.07133
PbI2+2e-=Pb+2I- Eu3++e-=Eu2+ PbSO4+2e-=Pb+SO42- In3++3e-=In Tl++e-=Tl Co2++2e-=Co H3PO4+2H++2e-=H3PO3+H2O PbCl2+2e-=Pb+2Cl- Ni2++2e-=Ni V3++e-=V2+ H2GeO3+4H++4e-=Ge+3H2O AgI+e-=Ag+I- Sn2++2e-=Sn Pb2++2e-=Pb CO2(g)+2H++2e-=CO+H2O P(white)+3H++3e-=PH3(g) Hg2I2+2e-=2Hg+2I- Fe3++3e-=Fe 2H++2e-=H2 AgBr+e-=Ag+Br-
S(II.V)-(II) *Ti(IV)-(III) S(0)-(-II) Sn(IV)-(II) Sb(III)-(0) Cu(II)-(I) Bi(III)-(0) S(VI)-(IV) Sb(III)-(0) Ag(I)-(0) As(III)-(0) Hg(I)-(0) Bi(III)-(0) U(VI)-(IV) C(IV)-(III) V(IV)-(III) Cu(II)-(0) Re(VII)-(0) Ag(I)-(0) S(IV)-(0) Cu(I)-(0)
S4O62 +2e =2S2O32
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0.08 0.1 0.142 0.151 0.152 0.153 0.1583 0.172 0.212 0.22233 0.248 0.26808 0.320 0.327 0.330 0.337 0.3419 0.368 0.4470 0.449 0.521
TiO2++2H++e-=Ti3++H2O S+2H++2e-=H2S(aq) Sn4++2e-=Sn2+ Sb2O3+6H++6e
-=2Sb+3H2O Cu2++e-=Cu+ BiOCl+2H++3e-=Bi+Cl-+H2O SO42-+4H++2e-=H2SO3+H2O SbO++2H++3e-=Sb+H2O AgCl+e-=Ag+Cl- HAsO2+3H++3e-=As+2H2O Hg2Cl2+2e-=2Hg+2Cl-(饱和 KCl) BiO++2H++3e-=Bi+H2O UO22++4H++2e-=U4++2H2O 2HCNO+2H++2e-=(CN)2+2H2O VO2++2H++e-=V3++H2O Cu2++2e-=Cu ReO4-+8H++7e-=Re+4H2O Ag2CrO4+2e-=2Ag+CrO42- H2SO3+4H++4e-=S+3H2O Cu++e-=Cu
I(0)-(-I) I(0)-(-I) As(V)-(III) Sb(V)-(III) Te(IV)-(0) U(V)-(IV) **Hg(II)-(I) Pt(IV)-(II) O(0)-(-I) Pt(II)-(0) *Se(IV)-(0) Fe(III)-(II) Hg(I)-(0) Ag(I)-(0) Os(VIII)-(0) N(V)-(IV) Hg(II)-(0) Si(IV)-(0) Cu(II)-(I) N(III)-(I) Hg(II)-(I)
I2+2e =2I
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0.5355 0.536 0.560 0.581 0.593 0.612 0.63 0.68 0.695 0.755 0.74 0.771 0.7973 0.7996 0.8 0.803 0.851 0.857 0.86 0.86 0.920
I3-+2e-=3I- H3AsO4+2H++2e-=HAsO2+2H2O Sb2O5+6H++4e-=2SbO++3H2O TeO2+4H++4e-=Te+2H2O UO2++4H++e-=U4++2H2O 2HgCl2+2e-=Hg2Cl2+2Cl- PtCl62-+2e-=PtCl42-+2Cl- O2+2H++2e-=H2O2 PtCl42-+2e-=Pt+4Cl- H2SeO3+4H++4e-=Se+3H2O Fe3++e-=Fe2+ Hg22++2e-=2Hg Ag++e-=Ag OsO4+8H++8e-=Os+4H2O 2NO3-+4H++2e-=N2O4+2H2O Hg2++2e-=Hg SiO2+4H++4e-=Si+2H2O Cu2++I-+e-=CuI 2HNO2+4H++4e-=H2N2O2+2H2O 2Hg2++2e-=Hg22+
N(V)-(III) Pd(II)-(0) N(V)-(II) N(III)-(II) I(I)-(-I) V(V)-(IV) V(V)-(IV) Au(III)-(0) Te(VI)-(IV) N(IV)-(II) N(IV)-(III) I(V)-(-I) Br(0)-(-I) Se(VI)-(IV) Cl(V)-(IV) Pt(II)-(0) Cl(VII)-(V) I(V)-(0) Cl(V)-(III) Mn(IV)-(II) O(0)-(-II)
NO3 +3H++2e =HNO2+H2O
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0.934 0.951 0.957 0.983 0.987 0.991 1.00 1.002 1.02 1.035 1.065 1.085 1.0873 1.151 1.152 1.18 1.189 1.195 1.214 1.224 1.229
Pd2++2e-=Pd NO3-+4H++3e-=NO+2H2O HNO2+H++e-=NO+H2O HIO+H++2e-=I-+H2O VO2++2H++e-=VO2++H2O V(OH)4++2H++e-=VO2++3H2O AuCl4-+3e-=Au+4Cl- H6TeO6+2H++2e-=TeO2+4H2O N2O4+4H++4e-=2NO+2H2O N2O4+2H++2e-=2HNO2 IO3 +6H++6e =I +3H2O
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Br2(aq)+2e-=2Br- SeO42-+4H++2e-=H2SeO3+H2O ClO3-+2H++e-=ClO2+H2O Pt2++2e-=Pt ClO4-+2H++2e-=ClO3-+H2O 2IO3-+12H++10e-=I2+6H2O ClO3-+3H++2e-=HClO2+H2O MnO2+4H++2e-=Mn2++2H2O O2+4H++4e-=2H2O
Tl(III)-(I) Cl(IV)-(III) N(III)-(I) **Cr(VI)-(III) Br(I)-(-I) Cr(VI)-(III) Cl(0)-(-I) Cl(VII)-(-I) Cl(VII)-(0) Au(III)-(I) Br(V)-(-I) I(I)-(0) Cl(V)-(-I) Pb(IV)-(II) Cl(V)-(0) Cl(I)-(-I) Br(V)-(0) Au(III)-(0) Mn(VII)-(II) Mn(III)-(II) Cl(III)-(-I)
T13++2e =Tl+
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1.252 1.277 1.297 1.33 1.331 1.350 1.35827 1.389 1.39 1.401 1.423 1.439 1.451 1.455 1.47 1.482 1.482 1.498 1.507 1.5415 1.570
ClO2+H++e-=HClO2 2HNO2+4H++4e-=N2O+3H2O Cr2O72-+14H++6e-=2Cr3++7H2O HBrO+H++2e-=Br-+H2O HCrO4-+7H++3e-=Cr3++4H2O Cl2(g)+2e-=2Cl- ClO4-+8H++8e-=Cl-+4H2O ClO4-+8H++7e-=1/2Cl2+4H2O Au3++2e-=Au+ BrO3-+6H++6e-=Br-+3H2O 2HIO+2H++2e =I2+2H2O
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ClO3-+6H++6e-=Cl-+3H2O PbO2+4H++2e-=Pb2++2H2O ClO3-+6H++5e-=1/2Cl2+3H2O HClO+H++2
e-=Cl-+H2O BrO3-+6H++5e-=l/2Br2+3H2O Au3++3e-=Au MnO4-+8H++5e-=Mn2++4H2O Mn3++e-=Mn2+ HClO2+3H++4e-=Cl-+2H2O
Br(I)-(0) N(II)-(I) I(VII)-(V) Cl(I)-(0) Cl(III)-(I) Ni(IV)-(II) Mn(VII)-(IV) Pb(IV)-(II) Au(I)-(0) Ce(IV)-(III) N(I)-(0) O(-I)-(-II) Co(III)-(II) Ag(II)-(I) S(VII)-(VI) O(0)-(-II) O(II)-(-II) Fe(VI)-(III) O(0)-(-II) F(0)-(-I)
HBrO+H++e =l/2Br2(aq)+H2O
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1.574 1.591 1.601 1.611 1.645 1.678 1.679 1.6913 1.692 1.72 1.766 1.776 1.83 1.980 2.010 2.076 2.153 2.20 2.421 2.866 3.053
2NO+2H++2e-=N2O+H2O H5IO6+H++2e-=IO3-+3H2O HClO+H++e-=1/2Cl2+H2O HClO2+2H++2e-=HClO+H2O NiO2+4H++2e-=Ni2++2H2O MnO4-+4H++3e-=MnO2+2H2O PbO2+SO42-+4H++2e-=PbSO4+2H2O Au++e-=Au Ce4++e-=Ce3+ N2O+2H++2e-=N2+H2O H2O2+2H++2e-=2H2O Co3++e-=Co2+(2mol· L-1 H2SO4) Ag2++e-=Ag+ S2O82-+2e-=2SO42- O3+2H++2e-=O2+H2O F2O+2H++4e-=H2O+2F- FeO42-+8H++3e-=Fe3++4H2O O(g)+2H++2e-=H2O F2+2e-=2F- F2+2H++2e-=2HF
2 在碱性溶液中 (298K)
Ca(II)-(0) Ba(II)-(0) La(III)-(0) Sr(II)-(0) Mg(II)-(0) Be(II)-(0) Hf(IV)-(0) Zr(IV)-(0) Al(III)-(0) P(I)-(0) B(III)-(0) P(III)-(0) Si(IV)-(0) P(III)-(I) Mn(II)-(0) Cr(III)-(0) *Zn(II)-(0) Zn(II)-(0) Ga(III)-(0) Zn(II)-(0)
Ca(OH)2+2e-=Ca+2OH- Ba(OH)2+2e-=Ba+2OH- La(OH)3+3e-=La+3OH- Sr(OH)2· 8H2O+2e-=Sr+2OH-+8H2O Mg(OH)2+2e-=Mg+2OH- Be2O32-+3H2O+4e-=2Be+6OH- HfO(OH)2+H2O+4e-=Hf+4OH- H2ZrO3+H2O+4e-=Zr+4OH- H2AlO3-+H2O+3e-=Al+4OH- H2PO2-+e-=P+2OH- H2BO3-+H2O+3e-=B+4OH- HPO32-+2H2O+3e-=P+5OH- SiO32-+3H2O+4e-=Si+6OH- HPO32-+2H2O+2e-=H2PO2-+3OH- Mn(OH)2+2e-=Mn+2OH- Cr(OH)3+3e-=Cr+3OH- Zn(CN)42-+2e-=Zn+4CN- Zn(OH)2+2e-=Zn+2OH- H2GaO3-+H2O+2e-=Ga+4OH- ZnO22-+2H2O+2e-=Zn+4OH-
-3.02 -2.99 -2.90 -2.88 -2.690 -2.63 -2.50 -2.36 -2.33 -1.82 -1.79 -1.71 -1.697 -1.65 -1.56 -1.48 -1.26 -1.249 -1.219 -1.215
Cr(III)-(0) Te(0)-(-I) P(V)-(III) *Zn(II)-(0) *W(VI)-(0) *Ge(IV)-(0) Sn(IV)-(II) S(VI)-(IV) Se(0)-(-II) Sn(II)-(0) P(0)-(-III) N(V)-(IV) H(I)-(0) Cd(II)-(0) Co(II)-(0) Ni(II)-(0) As(V)-(III) Ag(I)-(0) As(III)-(0) Sb(III)-(0) *Re(VII)-(IV)
CrO2-+2H2O+3e =Cr+4OH Te+2e-=Te2-
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-1.2 -1.143 -1.05 -1.04 -1.01 -1.0 -0.93 -0.93 -0.924 -0.909 -0.87 -0.85 -0.8277 -0.809 -0.73 -0.72 -0.71 -0.691 -0.68 -0.66 -0.59
PO43-+2H2O+2e-=HPO32-+3OH- Zn(NH3)42++2e-=Zn+4NH3 WO42-+4H2O+6e-=W+8OH- HGeO3-+2H2O+4e-=Ge+5OH- Sn(OH)62-+2e-=HSnO2-+H2O+3OH- SO42-+H2O+2e-=SO32-+2OH- Se+2e-=Se2- HSnO2-+H2O+2e-=Sn+3OH- P+3H2O+3e-=PH3(g)+3OH- 2NO3-+2H2O+2e-=N2O4+4OH- 2H2O+2e-=H2+2OH- Cd(OH)2+2e-=Cd(Hg)+2OH- Co(OH)2+2e-=Co+2OH- Ni(OH)2+2e-=Ni+2OH- AsO43-+2H2O+2e-=AsO2-+4OH- Ag2S+2e-=2Ag+S2- AsO2
-+2H2O+3e-=As+4OH- SbO2-+2H2O+3e-=Sb+4OH- ReO4-+2H2O+3e-=ReO2+4OH-
*Sb(V)-(III) Re(VII)-(0) *S(IV)-(II) Te(IV)-(0) Fe(III)-(II) S(0)-(-II) Bi(III)-(0) N(III)-(II) *Co(II)-C(0) Se(IV)-(0) Cu(I)-(0) Tl(I)-(0) *Ag(I)-(0) Cu(II)-(0) Cr(VI)-(III) *Cu(I)-(0) O(0)-(-I) Ag(I)-(0) N(V)-(III) Se(VI)-(IV) Pd(II)-(0)
SbO3 +H2O+2e =SbO2 +2OH
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-0.59 -0.584 -0.58 -0.57 -0.56 -0.47627 -0.46 -0.46 -0.422 -0.366 -0.360 -0.34 -0.31 -0.222 -0.13 -0.12 -0.076 -0.017 0.01 0.05 0.07
ReO4-+4H2O+7e-=Re+8OH- 2SO32-+3H2O+4e-=S2O32-+6OH- TeO32-+3H2O+4e-=Te+6OH- Fe(OH)3+e-=Fe(OH)2+OH- S+2e-=S2- Bi2O3+3H2O+6e-=2Bi+6OH- NO2-+H2O+e-=NO+2OH- Co(NH3)62++2e-=Co+6NH3 SeO32-+3H2O+4e-=Se+6OH- Cu2O+H2O+2e-=2Cu+2OH- Tl(OH)+e =Tl+OH
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Ag(CN)2-+e-=Ag+2CN- Cu(OH)2+2e-=Cu+2OH- CrO42-+4H2O+3e-=Cr(OH)3+5OH- Cu(NH3)2++e-=Cu+2NH3 O2+H2O+2e-=HO2-+OH- AgCN+e-=Ag+CN- NO3-+H2O+2e-=NO2-+2OH- SeO42-+H2O+2e-=SeO32-+2OH- Pd(OH)2+2e-=Pd+2OH-
S(II,V)-(II) Hg(II)-(0) Co(III)-(II) Pt(II)-(0) Co(III)-(II) Pb(IV)-(II) I(V)-(-I) Cl(V)-(III) Ag(I)-(0) Fe(III)-(II) Cl(VII)-(V) *Ag(I)-(0) O(0)-(-II) I(I)-(-I) *Ni(IV)-(II) Mn(VII)-(VI) Mn(VII)-(IV) Mn(VI)-(IV) Ag(II)-(I) Br(V)-(-I) Cl(V)-(-I)
S4O62 +2e =2S2O32
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0.08 0.0977 0.108 0.14 0.17 0.247 0.26 0.33 0.342 0.358 0.36 0.373 0.401 0.485 0.490 0.558 0.595 0.60 0.607 0.61 0.62
HgO+H2O+2e-=Hg+2OH- Co(NH3)63++e-=Co(NH3)62+ Pt(OH)2+2e-=Pt+2OH- Co(OH)3+e-=Co(OH)2+OH- PbO2+H2O+2e-=PbO+2OH- IO3-+3H2O+6e-=I-+6OH- ClO3-+H2O+2e-=ClO2-+2OH- Ag2O+H2O+2e-=2Ag+2OH- Fe(CN)63-+e-=Fe(CN)64- ClO4-+H2O+2e-=ClO3-+2OH- Ag(NH3)2++e-=Ag+2NH3 O2+2H2O+4e-=4OH- IO-+H2O+2e-=I-+2OH- NiO2+2H2O+2e-=Ni(OH)2+2OH- MnO4-+e-=MnO42- MnO4-+2H2O+3e-=MnO2+4OH- MnO42-+2H2O+2e-=MnO2+4OH- 2AgO+H2O+2e-=Ag2O+2OH- BrO3-+3H2O+6e-=Br-+6OH- ClO3-+3H2O+6e-=Cl-+6OH-
Cl(III)-(I) I(VII)-(V) Cl(III)-(-I) Br(I)-(-I) Cl(I)-(-I) *Cl(IV)-(III) O(0)-(-II)
ClO2 +H2O+2e =ClO +2OH H3IO62-+2e-=IO3-+3OH-
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0.66 0.7 0.76 0.761 0.841 0.95 1.24
ClO2-+2H2O+4e-=Cl-+4OH- BrO-+H2O+2e-=Br-+2OH- ClO-+H2O+2e-=Cl-+2OH- ClO2(g)+e-=ClO2- O3+H2O+2e-=O2+2OH-