中考形容词与副词专项
初中英语形容词和副词
考点一 形容词
一.形容词在句子充当的成分
1. 形容词做定语
形容词是用来描述或修饰名词的词,表示人或事物的性质或特征。单个形容词做定语时,放在被修饰的名词之前;当形容词修饰不定代词时,应放在不定代词之后。形容词短语作定语时应放在被修饰与之后。
_______________ 一个大方的人 _________________ 没有什么重要的事 _________________ 又高又苗条的女孩
★如有若干形容词同时修饰一个名词时,它们的排列顺序较为固定. 限定词(冠词,指示代词,形代,数词)-描绘词(大小,长短,形状,长幼,新旧,颜色,国籍,材料)-名词
一个实用的大的褐色木盒子______________________________
一件新的黑色的美国棉夹克______________________________
★enough 修饰名词时,既可以放在名词之前,也可以放在名词之后。但多放在名词前
★由“基数词+单数可数名词+形容词”构成的复合结构,放在被修饰的名词之前。
2. 形容词作表语-----形容词作表语的位置在连系动词之后。
食物尝起来很美味。_____________________________.
英语中有一部分形容词只能作表语,不能作定语,这种形容词叫做“表语形容词”,常见的有: __________________________
3形容词作宾语补足语-----形容词作宾语补足语的位置在宾语之后,表示宾语的性质/状态/特征。 这则消息让我们很高兴。________________________________________
4 形容词名词化---某些形容词前加上定冠词后就相当于名词,指“某一类人或物。
活着的人______________ 健康的人_______________
二.形容词的常用句式
A. It’s + adj. + to do
该句型中的adj. 表示to do所具备的特征/客观情况, 其中it 为形式主语, to do sth.为真实主语
B. It’s + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.
该句型中的形容词指的是do sth.的属性. 不能改成sb. Is/are + adj.的结构
C. It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.
该句型中的形容词跟人有关,用来描述人的特征/品质等。表示“某人这么做真是太----了”
考点二 副词
一. 副词在句子充当的成分
1. 作状语, 修饰动词、形容词、副词和全句
I can’t hear you _____________________.(在电话中听不清)
2. 作定语—通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后
____________________________________. 这儿的人很友善。
3. 作表语
__________________ 下课。 _____________________________ 我五分钟后回来。
二. 副词在句中的位置
1. 修饰动词,多置于动词之后,如有宾语,则置于宾语之后。
2. 频率副词often, always, never, seldom等通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词、系动词、be 动
词、助动词之后。
★方式副词well, badly, hard等只能放在句尾。
____________________ 讲英语讲得好
3. 修饰形容词、副词,置于被修饰词之前。
★enough 修饰形容词、副词时,要置于被修饰词_______。
________________________________________ 他跑的足够快,赶上了火车。
4. 修饰全句,置于句首。
_________________________________ 幸好天气不是太热。
三. 常见的兼有两种形式的副词的区别
1. close “近” closely “仔细地”
2. late “晚” lately “最近”
3. deep “深”(表示空间上的深度) deeply “深深地”(表示情感上的深度)
4.High “高”(表示空间上的高度) highly 表示程度=much
5. wide “宽’(表示空间上的宽度) widely “广泛地”
6. free “免费” freel y “无限制地”
He got a _________ mark in the exam and all the teacher spoke ________ of him. (high)
He always comes _________. Do you know what happened to him __________? (late)
I sat ________ to the girl and looked at her ___________. (close)
考点三. 形容词/副词的比较等级
形容词、副词有三个等级,分别为原级、比较级、最高级。
一. 形容词/副词原级的用法
1. 只能修饰原级的词有very, quite, so, too等
2. 原级常用的句型结构
(1) A be/v. as...as B 表示A 与B 程度相同
(2) A be/v. not …so/as…as B A 不如B
★当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式:
①as +形容词+ a +单数名词+as;
_______________________________________ 他是一个和他父亲一样好的男人。
②as + many/much +可数名词/不可数名词。
________________________________ 我可以跟你干一样多的活儿。
(3) 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as 的前面。
二.比较级常用的句型
1.“A+v.+比较级+than+any other + 单数可数名词= “A+v.+最高级+单数可数名词”
他比他班上任何其他男孩都高。 ___________________________________________./
________________________________________./__________________________________.
2. the more…the more… 越……就越……。
__________________________________________. 越努力,进步越大。
3. “比较级+and+比较级” 表示越来越------
He does his homework _____________________________.(越来越认真)
4. 特殊疑问词+v.+比较级, A or B?
____________________ (tall), Tom or Danny?
三.最高级常用的句型
1. “主语+v.+one of the+最高级+复数可数名词+in/of短语” 表示“---是---中最-----之一”
2. “主语+v.+the+最高级+(单数可数名词)+in/of短语” 表示“----是----中最---的”
3. “主语+v.+the+序数词+最高级+单数可数名词+ in/of短语” 表示“---是---中的第几------”
4. “特殊疑问词+v.+the+最高级,A, B or C?”表示“在ABC 三者最喜欢哪一个?”
★副词比较级/最高级可修饰动词,前面多数不带定冠词the:
_________________________________. 谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。
_________________________________. 我们四人中我唱的最差。
_________________________________. 他迟早会回来的。
Practice makes perfect!
1. English is one of_______ spoken in the world.
A. the important languages B. the most important languages
C. most important language D. the most important language
2. I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box.
A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough
3. Do you have _______ to tell us?
A. something new B. new something C. anything new D. new anything
4. Jean works hard but she doesn’t work ____ Mary.
A. as harder than B. as hard than C. as harder as D. as hard as
5. Simon looks ____ today and smiles ____ all the time.
A, happy, happy B, happily, happily C, happy, happily D, happily, happy
6.The old soldier lived all by himself. Even though he was ____, he was not ____ at all.
A, alone, lonely B, alone, alone C, lonely, alone D, lonely, lonely
7. Nick didn’t do very ____ in the final exam, but his scores are ____ than last year’s
A, good, better B, bad, worse C, well, worse D, well, better
8. What ________ wind! It’s blowing______________.
A. a strong; strongly B strong; strongly C a strongly; strong D strong; strong
9. China has a larger population than ____in the world.
A. all the countries B. every country C. any country D. any other country
10. ______ he read the book, _______ he got in it.
A. The more; the more interesting B. The less; the more interesting
C. The more; the more interested D. More; more interested
11. The test was so difficult that half of the class made ______________ marks than usual. (bad)
12. A lot of young students from different countries go to France for their _________ study. (far)
13. Drinking too much fruit juice can be ______________ to children’s teeth. (harm)
14. The boy opened the door ____ and talked with me in English which is used _______ in the world.
(wide)
15. He put his hands __________ into his pockets and __________ moved by the movie. (deep)
16. It is ______________ to teach a man to fish than to give him fish. (good)
17. We are sure that China can hold the Olympic Games in 2008 ______________. (succeed)
18. The serious earthquake left thousands of people ______________. (home)
19. The weather in Shanghai is quite ______________ this year. (change)
20. The Nile is a ______river. It is _______than any other river in the world. In fact it is
__________river in the world. (long)
21. Wang Fang has ________ Chinese Stamps. Judy hasn’t got as _________Chinese stamps as Wang
Fang. But
she has got ______ American stamps than Wang Fang. (many)
22. This film is even _________(interesting) and it’s _________(good) one I have ever seen.
23. You can eat _________ in the restaurant and talk __________ with the guests. (free)
完形填空阅读短文(2014泰州中考)
A magic chair
One afternoon, Grandpa wanted to bet(打赌)me a big bag of popcorn that I didn't have as many true friends as I thought. I Icould test whether my schoolmates were true friends or not.
The next day, carrying something in his hand. But I could see there. Grandpa said, "Take it. It's a(n) 20 chair. Because it's invisible(隐形的)for you to sit on it. However, if you can sit on your true friends are. ”
Then I took the strange invisible chair to school. At break I everyone to stand in a circle (圆圈),and put myself in the middle, with the ."Look! Something amazing is coming.” I said, and then tried sitting on the chair. Of course, I and fell to the ground. Everyone had a very good . I kept trying to sit on the magic chair again an again. ,I made it. This time l was hovering(盘旋) that Grandpa had me up, while some of my schoolmates did nothing but make fun of me.
to Grandpa. It was he who helped me test who my true friends were. That evening, we four true friends went to see Grandpa and had a great time eating popcorn.
16. A. accepted B. started C. received D. made
17. A. where B. why C. how D. when
18. A. after B. as C. until D. before
19. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
20. A. important B. comfortable C. special D. expensive
21. A. difficult B. funny C. different D. dangerous
22. A. carefully B. slowly C. quickly D. successfully
23. A. warned B. asked C. refused D. promised
24. A. chance B. popcorn C. friend D. chair
25. A. lost B. missed C. rushed D. jumped
26. A. laugh B. cry C. noise D. whisper
27. A. Finally B. Immediately C. Next D. Indeed
28. A. fun B. magic C. pleasure D. trouble
29. A. picking B. giving C. holding D. cheering
30. A. fair B. kind C. helpful D. grateful