外研社七下英语知识点综合

初一英语下册重要知识点

名词、代词作宾语 他喜爱他的工作。

1、enjoy享受，喜欢

名词作宾语

动词ing 我喜欢踢足球。

动词ing

相关词组：enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得愉快

我在动物园玩得很愉快。

2、 dress +人 我自己穿衣服。

穿衣的动作 常用短语get dressed 穿衣服 你的妹妹正在穿衣服。 put on +衣物 我穿上我的大衣。

wear +衣物 她正穿着一件连衣裙。

穿着的状态

in+衣物\颜色穿蓝色外套的那个男孩是我弟弟。

3a lot 很、非常=very much Thanks a lot for your help. = Thank you very much for your help. 非常感谢你的帮助。

lots of = a lot of 许多，+可数与不可数名词

There are a lot of money in my hand. = There are lots of money in my hand. 我手上有许多钱。

4、want 的用法

want sth. 想要。。。I want an apple.

want to do sth. 想要做。。。I want to eat an apple.

want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做。。。I want you to eat an apple.

want sb. not to do sth. 想要某人不要做。。。I want you not to eat an apple.

5、get ready for 为。。。准备好 Are you getting ready for English text?你准备好英语测试了吗？ be ready 准备好了 Are you ready? 你准备好了吗？

be ready to do sth. 愿意\乐于做某事 He is ready to help her.

6、（1） at work 在工作，中间不加the My parents are at work. 我的父母在工作。

（2） on的用法小结

①接近靠近 Guilin is on the Ri Liver.

②在。。。。上 on the table

③指具体的某一天 on New Year’s Day

④关于=about She is reading on/about sports

⑤on 与某地接壤Jilin is on the north of Liaoning.

（3） in on to 表示方位的区别

in 位于某范围之内 on 与某地接壤 to 两地相离 （4）on + 名词 的短语

on holiday 在度假 on duty 值日

on fire 着火 on TV 在电视上，通过电视 on business 出差

7、 a few + 可数名词 There are a few people in the shop now.

一些、表肯定意义 现在商店里有一些人。

a little + 不可数名词 I have a little money. 我有一些钱。

few + 可数名词 There are few people in the shop now. 很少几乎没有、表否定意义 现在商店里没有人。

little + 不可数名词 I have little money. 我没有钱。

※同义句转换：

8、buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. bring sb. sth. = bring sth. for sb.

send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.

show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.

9、bring 带来，把人或物带到说话地点 Please bring me some water. 请带给我一些水。

take 带走，把人或物带离说话地点 Let's take the girl to the hospial. 让我们带这女孩去医院。 carry 搬，扛 Please help me carry the heavy box. 请帮我搬下这重的盒子。

10、（1）interesting 有趣的 The story is interesting. 这个故事很有趣。

interested 常用固定搭配 be(get\feel\become) interested in 对。。。感兴趣

我对体育新闻感兴趣。

（2）exciting 令人兴奋的 The film is very exciting. 这电影真令人兴奋。

excited 感到兴奋 I'm so excitied to hear that. 我听到那个感到很兴奋。

11、（1）look forward to +动词ing \名词 期待做某事

I am looking forward to seeing my grandfather. 我正期待看到我的爷爷。

（2）hope to do sth. 希望做某事 I hope to see you tomorrow.

12、有关到达的短语

get(from)...to...从。。。到。。。How do you get from Lingui to Guilin?从临桂怎么到桂林？

reach 与 get to 为及物动词 in +城市、国家等

arrive 为不及物 常接介词 at+车站等

He arrives in\gets to\reaches Beijing today. 他今天到达北京。

13

teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事

ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事

14、care for 喜欢，想要，爱好

15、there be 的将来时

下周将有一个英语测验。 16、I 我认为你是对的。改为否定句 I you are right.

18、population单数，用large或small修饰

What’s the population of ﹢地点=How many people are there in﹢地点

句型转换：What’s the population of Guilin? = How many people are there in Guilin?

The population of Guilin (be) 6 million.

19、millon的用法 数字+million 表示多少百万 1million 5million

millions of 数百万

类似的词还有：hundred hundreds of

thousand thousands of

20、be famous as 作为。。。。出名 Jackie Chan is famous as an actor.

be famous for 因为。。。出名 Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.

be famous to 对。。。来说出名 Chairman Mao is famous to every Chinese.

21、be good at 擅长 +名词 She is good at English.

+doing She is good at studying English.

同义词 do well in She does well in studying English.

反义词 be weak in I am weak in maths.

拓展：be good for 对。。。有益

Doing more exercise is good for your health.

22、need的用法 作实义动词 需要 +名 I need some apple.

+to do sth. I need to eat lunch.

变否定 I don’t need …….

作情态动词，后跟动词原形，只用于否定，疑问，条件

否定形式为needn’t

You needn’t be afraid.

Need you go now?

Yes, I must. / No, I needn’t.

23、英语中有关乘坐交通工具的表达

(1)by +交通工具 =介词(on,in)+修饰词(a/物主代词)+交通工具，如：

(2)by +交通工具 = take + 修饰词(the/物主代词) + 交通工具 + to，如

I go to New York by work by plane. = I take the plane to New York. by bus = in one's bus = on a bus

24、句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间

It 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式

It takes her an hour to finish the work. 她需要一小时完成这项工作。

It takes me ten minutes to get to school. 我到达学校花费10分钟的时间。

类似的句型：It is +adj. +(for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是。。。。

to do sth.是主语

To skate in winter is interesting for me.=It is interesting for me to skate in winter.

冬天滑冰对我来说很有趣。

25、 Where were you born?

相关词组：be born in+出生地\年 I was born in China\2001.

be born on+具体的某一天 I was born on May 22, 2001.

26、strict 严格的

Our teacher is very strict with us.

be strict in sth. 对某人要求严格 He is strict in his work.

27、like

(1) V. 喜欢 +Ving I like playing baketball.

(2)prep. 像 ① be like 像。。。样子（指性格） What were they like?

②look like 看起来像 What does he look like? He looks like his mother.

28、There are in the class.

不定式作定语

（1）用adj.修饰 a beautiful girl an interesting book

（2）用to不定式修饰 lots of things to do

a pen to write with a child to look after

拓展：不定式作主语

29、with

（1）具有，带有 I have a house with a garden.

（2）和。。。一起 play with Mary is playing with her dog.

（3）与and 的区别 My mother and I are going shopping.

I 30、decide to do sth. = make a decision to do sth, 决定做某事

I decide to study hard. = I make a decision to study hard.

※后接to do的词 want sb.to do 想要某人做某事

plan to do sth. 计划做某事

would like to do sth. 想要做某事

ask sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事

31、try doing sth. 试着去做某事 She tried riding a horse.

try to do sth. 尽力去做某事，结果往往不成功 He tried to give up smoking but he failed at last. ※后接ing 的词 like\love\ enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事

finish doing sth. 完成做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

thank you for doing 感谢做某事

32、change into.......变成 Ice changed into water because of heat.

change ......into........把。。。。变成。。。。。Who can change ice into water?

33、die dead death 的区别

die v. 死 现在分词dying He died in 2011.

dead adj. 死的 可与一段时间连用 He was dead for 1year.

death n. 死亡，去世 His death shocked me.

34、go away 走开、离开 Don’t go away without telling me. 不要不告诉我就离开。

归纳：含有away的常见短语：

run away 逃跑 The two boys ran away after they broke the window.

take away 拿走，带走 Please take away your clothes.

fly away 飞走 I noticed one of the birds fly away.

35、at the age of “在、、、岁时”，后面接具体的年龄

= when sb. was …year(s) old 或者 at + 数字 He began to learn English at the age of four. = He began to learn English when he was four years old.

= He began to learn English at four. 他四岁开始学英语。

36、marry sb. 与。。。结婚

Marry married John. 玛丽嫁给了约翰。 get married to 和。。。结婚

be married to

She got\was married to a teacher.

37、join，take part in, attend 都有“参加”的意思，具体区别如下：

join指参加某一组织或团体（如入党或参军），并成为其中一员。

He joined the army last year. 他去年参军了。

take part in指参加某种活动（如运动会sport、活动activity等），并在其中发挥积极作用。 Did you take part in the sports meeting? 他参加运动会了吗？

attend指出席（会议meeting）；到场；上（课）等。

Who attended the meeting? 谁出席了会议？

38、snow v.下雪 n.雪

剖析：1）作动作，意为“下雪”。如：It snowed heavily last night. 昨夜下了大雪。

2）作名词，意为“雪”。如：The mountain is covered with snow. 山被雪覆盖着。

3）snowy adj. 下雪的。如：It will be snowy tomorrow. 明天将下雪。 类似用法的词：rain\rainy cloud\cloudy wind\windy

39、询问对方意见或看法

What do you think of ......? 你认为。。。怎么样？What do you think of my new shoes? How do you like......? 你觉得。。。。？ How do you like Chinese food?

What 's your idea\opinion about.......? 你关于。。。的意见怎样？

What 's your idea\opinion about plan?

40、through 从一端到另一端，从中间穿过 The thief got in though the window. across 从表面穿过 You can't go across the street.

over 越过 Can you jump over the wall.

41、(1)spend 花费，以人作主语，sb. + 时间\金钱+ on sth. 花费。。。在某物上 sb.+ 时间+ （in）doing sth. 花费多少时间做某事 He spends two hours on his homework.

He spends two hours in doing his work.

(2)take 固定句型

It takes him two hours to finish his homework. 他花了两小时完成作业。

(3)cost 物+cost+sb.+钱 This book costs me 10 yuan. 这本书花了我10元。

42、say......to sb.

say hello to sb. 向某人问好 say goodbye to sb. 向某人告别

say sorry to sb 向某人道歉 say no to sb. 拒绝某人