财务管理专业英语

财务管理基础Fundamentals of Financial Management

财务管理目标Objectives of Financial Management

利润最大化profit maximization 每股盈余最大化EPS

maximization 股

东

财

富

最

大

化shareholders ’wealth maximization 企业价值最大化enterprise value maximization

代理问题agency problem 代理关系agency relationship 道德风险moral hazard 逆向选择adverse selection 财务预测Financial Forecasting 财务决策Financial Decision 财务预算Financial Budget 财务控制Financial Control 财务分析Financial Analysis 金融市场financial market 金融工具financial instrument

初级市场Primary market 次级市场Secondary market 货币市场Money market 权益市场Equity market 期货市场Futures market 期权市场Option market

资金的时间价值Time value of money

风险与收益均衡Risk-return tradeoff

现值present value 终值future value 年金annuity

普通年金ordinary annuity 预付年金annuity due 递延年金deferred annuity 永续年金perpetual annuity

/Perpetuity 折现率discount rate 机会成本opportunity cost 要求的收益率required rate of return

单利simple interest 复利compound interest 名义利率Nominal Interest Rate 实际利率Real Interest Rate 不可分散风险Undiversifiable Risk

可分散风险Diversifiable Risk 市场风险Market Risk 个别风险Stand-alone Risk 系统风险Systematic Risk 非系统风险Nonsystematic Risk 经营风险Operational Risk 财务风险Financial Risk 期望收益expected return 方差variance

标准差standard deviation

标准离差率coefficient of variation 普通股common stock 优先股preferred stock 有面值股票par value stock 无面值股票no par value stock 记名股票inscribed stock

无记名股票bearer stock

特别处理ST （Special Treatment） 特别转让PT （Particular Transfer） 累积优先股Cumulative preferred stock

非累积优先股Non-cumulative preferred stock

参加优先股Participating preferred stock

非参加优先股Non-participating Preferred Stock 可转换优先股Convertible

preferred stock

长期借款Long-term loan 债券Bond

面值face value, maturity value or

par value 息票率stated interest rate 市场利率market interest rate 租赁Lease

经营租赁Operating lease 融资租赁capital lease

应付账款Accounts payable 应付票据Note payable 资本成本The Cost of Capital 留存收益Retained earnings 股利折现模型（Discounted Cash Flow, DCF）

股利固定增长模式（Dividend-yield plus growth rate approach ）

资本资产定价模型（CAPM ） 债券收益加风险溢价法(Bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach)

加权平均资本成本（Weighted Average Cost of Capital, WACC ） 边际资本成本（Marginal Cost of Capital, MCC）

经营杠杆系数（Degree of Operating Leverage, DOL） 财务杠杆系数（Degree of Financial Leverage, DFL） 资本结构Capital Structure

现金流量 cash flow 净现金流量 net cash flow 净现值（Net Present Value, NPV） 内部收益率（Internal Rate of Return, IRR）

获利指数（Profitability Index, PI） 会计收益率（Average Rate of Return, ARR）

投资回收期（Payback Period, PP） 营运资本working capital 应收账款 Accounts receivable 存货Inventory 宣告日Declaration date 除息日Ex-dividend date 股权登记日Record date 发放日Payment date

现金股利cash dividend 股票股利stock dividend 财产股利property dividend 股利分配政策dividend policies 剩余股利政策residual dividend policy

固定股利或稳定增长股利政策stable dollar dividend policy 固定股利支付率政策constant dividend payout ratio

低正常股利加额外股利政策low regular plus specially designated dividends

财务报表分析analysis of financial statement

流动比率liquidity ratio 速动比率quick ratio 现金流量比率cash-flow ratio 资产负债率assets-liability ratio 产权比率equity ratio

已获利息倍数interest earned multiplier

应收帐款周转率accounts receivable turnover

存货周转率inventory receivable turnover

总资产周转率turnover of total assets

流动资产周转率turnover of working assets

固定资产周转率turnover of fixed assets

销售毛利率sales margin ratio 销售净利率net profit on sales ratio 总资产报酬率rate of return on total assets

净资产收益率tate of return on net assets