虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用

虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的应用

If it weren’t raining, we wouldn’t stay indoors.

If I were to (should) do it, I would do it in a different way.

She would have come if she hadn’t been so busy.

错综时间虚拟条件句

有时条件状语从句和主句的动作并不同时发生，其中主、从句中的谓语动词形式，应各按照实际情况来表达。

If you had listened to me, you wouldn’t be in such trouble now.

If I were you, I would have gone with him.

如果条件状语从句含有should, were, had时，可将if 省略，而将这三个词提到的原来的位置 Were I you, I would not tell him that.

Should it snow tomorrow, many crops would die.

He would have seen her, had he come yesterday.

有时条件状语从句不是以从句的形式出现，而是以一个介词或介词短语（without\ but for ）的形式出现。这时，句子中的谓语动词用什么形式，就取决于这个动词所要表达的动作发生在什么时候.

But for your help, I would not have succeeded.

Without sunlight, there would be no living things on the earth.

要求使用虚拟语气的其他从句

在主语从句中

1． It is + 形容词(important, necessary, natural, desirable, essential, strange) + that

It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.

It is strange that he should refuse to come.

2.it is+名词(a pity, a shame, no wonder) + that

It is a pity that you should have lost the game.

3. it is+过去分词( asked\required\suggested\ordered\requested) + that

It is required that john should give a performance.

It was suggested that everyone should have a map.

在宾语从句中

含表示命令、建议、坚持的动词advise, command, propose, desire, insist, order, recommend, require, request, suggest, urge, should+ 动词原形

He advised that a new plan be made.

He insists that the meeting should be put off.

注意：

Insist 坚持要做 用虚拟 suggest 建议 用虚拟

坚持认为、说 暗示，表明

He insisted that he was right.

Her pale face suggested that she was ill.

在以上动词的名词形式Advice, command, decision, recommendation, reqirement request, suggestion 后的表语从句和同位语从句用 should+ 动词原形

There is a suggestion that the discussion should be held in English.

My advice is that we should put on a play at the English evening.

It is (high) time that…从句中动词用过去式或should + 动词原形

It ’s time we left\should leave

在For fear that, in case.引导的从句中

He came to meet at the station for fear that I should take the wrong way.

I am going to start earlier in case there should be any delay on the journey.

表示祝愿的从句中的虚拟语气

wish 后的宾语从句表示现在不能实现的愿望用过去式；表示将来不能实现的愿望用would\could + 动词原形；表示过去不能实现的愿望用had+过去分词或would\could + have done

I wish he were here now.

I wish I could do it.

He wished he had not made the mistake.

I wish they could have come to attend the meeting.

If only引导的感叹句

If only“但愿，要是什么就好了”，用法与wish 相同

If only I were rich.

If only the rain would stop.

If only I had known about it before.

As if引导的表语从句及状语从句的语气及时态

As if从句用陈述语气的情况：

当说话者认为所述是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，要用陈述语气。 It sounds as if it is raining.

He speaks as if he is a Canadian.

当主句谓语动词含有seem, taste, smell等动词时，一般要用陈述语气 He seems as if we shall have to walk.

The meat tastes as if it has already gone bad.

As if从句用虚拟语气的情况：

当说话人认为句子所述是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时： 与现在事实相反，用过去时

He walks as if he were drunk

He talks as if he knew where she was.

与过去事实相反，用had + 过去分词

She talked about the book as if she had really read it.

The girls listened as if she had been turned to stone.

与将来事实相反，用would\ could\ might+动词原形

He opened his mouth as if he would say something.

It looks as if it might snow.