宾语从句连接词妙用

一、 当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：

She said that she would leave the message on the headmaster's desk. 她说她会把留言条放在校长桌子上。

He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

二、 当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if 或whether 引导，意为“是否”。如：

Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag. 爱丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。

I don't know whether he'll come the day after tomorrow. 我不知道他后天是否会来。

但在下列情况下只能用whether：

1. 在具有选择意义,又有or 或or not 时，尤其是直接与or not 连用时,往往用whether(if …or not 也可以使用)。如：

Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come ) 让我知道他是否能来。

I don't know whether / if he does any washing or not.(= I don't know whether or not he does any washing. ) 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。

I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. 我想知道我们是去还是留。

2. 在介词之后用whether 。如：

I'm interested in whether he likes English. 我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。

We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. 我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。

I was worried about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情。

3. 在不定式前用whether。如：

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man. 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。

I don't know whether to go. 我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train. 他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。

4. whether 置于句首时，不能换用if。如：

Whether this is true or not , I can't say. 这是否是真的我说不上来。

5. 引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：

Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否能来还是个问题。

The question is whether we can catch the bus. 问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。

6. 若用if 会产生歧义时，要用whether。如：

Please let me know if you like the book.

可理解为：

① Please let me know whether you like the book. 请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。

② If you like the book, please let me know. 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。

三、 如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：

Could you tell me where we will have the meeting this afternoon? 你能告诉我我们今天下午将在哪儿开会吗？

I don't know who bought the present for me. Is it Jack? 我不知道谁给我买了礼物。是杰克吗？

初中英语：六种方法简化宾语从句

2008-04-12 来源：科苑教育网 作者：佚名 [打印]教师绩效工资最新消息

在各类考试中，同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：

方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：

Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.

We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.

方法二：当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：

She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.

注：当主句谓语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：

Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ →Could you tell me how to get to the station？

方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：

The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.

方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：

He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.

The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.

方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.

方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：

It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.

除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：

I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.

Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.

They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy.