必修一词组知识点汇总

Book 1

Module 1

1. be similar to 与 ........ 相似

(1) My new dress is similar to the one you have. 我的新衣服和你的那件相似。

(2) Mary's hat is similar to Jane's. 玛莉的帽子和珍的差不多。

(3) This plan is similar to that one in many ways. 这个计划和那一个在很多方面相像。

2. attitude to / towards doing 做某事的态度

(1) The man had an unfriendly attitude. 那个人态度不友好。

(2) What is your attitude to/towards this idea? 你对这个主意有何看法？

(3) He shows a very positive attitude to his work. 他的工作态度非常积极。

3. far from 远离；远远不; 完全不

(1) She lives far from school.她住得离学校很远。

(2) Far from reading his letter, she didn't open it 别说看他的信了 ，她连信都没拆开。

(3) He is far from rich.他一点也不富有。

4. as... as... 和... 一样

(1) Tom is as tall as I,汤姆和我一样高。

(2) This pencil is half as long as that one. 这支铅笔的长度是那支铅笔的一半。

(3) He is twice as old as I. 他的年龄是我的两倍。

(4) Their room is four times as large as ours. 他们的房间是我们的4倍大。

5. introduce... to.. 把... 介绍给

(1) The chairman introduced the lecturer to the audience. 主席向听众介绍演讲人。

(2) Allow me to introduce Mr Green to you. 请允许我向你们介绍格林先生。

(3) He introduced his friend to me. 他把他的朋友介绍给我。

6. fun

(1) have fun 开心

①They had great fun at the park yesterday. 昨天他们在公园玩得很开心。

②What fun the children had at the seaside! 孩子们在海边玩得真开心！

③The children had a lot of fun playing with the blocks. 孩子们玩积木玩得很开心。

(2) make fun of 嘲弄；取笑

① It's cruel to make fun of a cripple. 取笑一个跛子是很残忍的。

② Making fun of others is not polite. 取笑别人是不礼貌的。

7. give sb. instructions to do sth.指导某人做某事

(1) He gave us instructions to finish the work as soon as possible. 他指示我们尽快完成工作。

(2) The boss gave me so many instructions at one I time that I got muddled up.

老板一下子给了，我那么多指示，把我弄得糊里糊涂。

(3) He gave us instructions to arrive early. 他命令我们早点来。

8. in other words 换句话说

In other words, when the wind is blowing at 120 kilometers per hour, most waves will be about twelve meters.

换句话说，当风速为每小时120千米时大部分波浪的浪高约为12米。

* in a/one word 简言之；总之 In one word, your decision is wrong. 一句话，你的决定是错误的。

9. look forward to 期望

(1) We're looking forward to seeing you again. 我们期望着再次见到你。

(2) We are all looking forward to our holiday. 我们都在期待着我们的假期。

(3) All the children look forward to the Spring Festival. 所有的孩子们都期待着春节的到来。

10. be impressed with / by 对... 印象深刻

(1) The audiences were impressed with what he said strongly. 他所说的话使听众们印象深刻。

(2) We were impressed with his courage. 他的勇敢给我们留下了深刻的印象。

(3) Her friend was impressed with her sense of humor. 这女孩的幽默感给她的朋友留下了深刻的印象。

11. make progress 取得进步

(1) The disease makes rapid progress. 病情迅速好转。

(2) She has made progress in her studies recently. 她最近在学业上取得了进步。

(3) Tom is now making much progress at school. 汤姆在学校进步很大。

12. be disappointed with 对... 失望

(1) My parents will be disappointed with me if I fail in the exam. 要是我考试不及格，我父母会对我感到失望的。

(2) I was disappointed with the result. 我对结果感到失望。

(3) I'm afraid you're very disappointed with my bike. 恐怕你对我的自行车很不满意吧。

13. mind doing 介意做某事

(1) Do you mind giving me a glass of water? 请给我一杯水，好吗？

(2) Would you mind not smoking? 请你别抽烟，好吗？

(3) Would you mind changing places with me so that I can be nearer the fire?

你能不能与我换一换位置？这样我可以离炉/火近一点。

14. go to college 上大学

(1) Going to college is every student's dream. 上大学是每个学生的梦想。

(2) He went to college because of his hard work. 由于他的努力学习，他上了大学。

(3) She went to college after she graduated from the middle school. 她中学毕业后上了大学。

15. be divided into 被分成

(1) The class is divided into two groups. 全班被分成两组。

(2) The house was divided into four flats. 这栋房子被分成4套公寓。

(3) The world is divided into five continents. 世界上有五大洲。

Module 2

1. avoid doing避免做某事 (1) I crossed the street to avoid meeting him, but he saw me and came running towards me. 我橫穿马路以便避开他，但他看到我了并朝我跑过来。 (2) To avoid the city centre, we may turn right here and take the belt highway. 从这里往右拐走环行道可以避开闹市中心。 (3) Are you trying to avoid me? 你是不是想躲开我？ 2. be strict with sb. 对某人严格 (1) Father is strict with us children. 父亲对我们这些孩子很严格。 (2) The teacher is strict with her students. 这个老师对学生们很严格。 (3) When he was young, his mother was very strict with him. 当他小的时候，他妈妈对他非常严格。 * be strict in sth. 对某事严格 He is strict in his work. 他对工作很严格。 3. admit doing 承认做某事 (1) John has admitted breaking the window. 约翰已承认打碎了窗子。 (2) He admitted his crime. 他承认了罪行。 (3) He never admits that he is wrong. 他从不承认自己错了。 4. as a result (of) 作为 ........... 的结果 (1) People destroyed a lot of trees, as a result, they suffered a lot. 人们毁掉了好多树，结果他们自己遭罪。 (2) As a result of their hard work, they achieved a lot. 在他们的努力工作下，他们取得了很大 成就。 (3) I got up late, as a result, I missed the early bus. 我起床晚了，结果错过了早班车。 * result in 导致 (1) Hard work results in success. 努力终会成功。 (2) Their carelessness resulted in failure. 他们的粗心最终导致失败。 (3) The accident resulted in the death of two passengers. 这次事故导致两名乘客死亡。 * result from 因 ① Success results from hard work. 成功来自努力。 ② His illness resulted from eating bad food 他的病是吃了变质食物引起的。 ③ Floods resulted from heavy rains. 洪水因大雨造成。 5. prefer to do... rather than do… 宁愿做……而不愿做 (1) He preferred to die rather than steal. 他宁死也不愿偷窃。 (2) I prefer to work rather than sit idle. 我宁愿工作，不愿闲坐。 (3) I preferred to stay at home rather than go shopping. 我宁愿待在家里也不愿去买东西。 * would rather do…than do宁愿做 ........ 而不愿做

12. The soldiers would rather die than surrender. 士兵们宁死不降。 6. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 (1) My parents encouraged me to study abroad. 父母鼓励我出国留学。 (2) I encouraged her to work hard and to try for the examinations. 我鼓励她好好学习并为考试做努力。 (3) The headmaster encouraged the candidates for the national maths competition to strive for the best results. 校长鼓励参加全国数学竞赛的选手们争取最好的成績。 7. a couple of 两三个

(1) I found a couple of socks in the bedroom but they don't make a pair. 我在卧室找到了两只袜子，但配不成对。 (2) He went out shooting and came back with a couple of rabbits. 他出去打猎了 ，猎了两只兔子回来。 (3) He will come back in a couple of days. 他两三天后回来。 8. It's up to you. 你决定。 (1) Can you tell me when to start? It's up to you. 你能告诉我什么时候开始吗？你来决定。 (2) Shall we go out for a walk now? It's up to you 我们现在去散步吗？你来决定。 (3) It's up to us to give them all the help we can, 我们理应竭尽所能给他们提供帮助。 9. have problems with 与 ......... 有问题 Do you have any problems with the relationship with your students? 你与学生间的关系有什么问题吗？ 10. make sure 确保；确信 (1) Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave. 离开前确保关窗。 (2) She made sure that she had turned off the gas. 她 确定她已关掉煤气。 (3) You must make sure of the time and place of the conference. 你必须把会议的时间、地点查清楚。 11. in fact 实际上 I think so, in fact, I'm quite sure. 我想是如此，实际上，我十分相信是如此。 12. tell jokes讲笑话 (1) She told some very funny jokes. 她讲了几个很有趣的笑话。 (2) You shouldn't tell jokes in class. 你不应该上课讲笑话。 (3) When he saw Jim, he was telling jokes. 当他看见吉姆时，他正在讲笑话。 * play a joke on sb. 取笑某人 (1) He always plays a joke on his classmates. 他总是取笑他的同学。 (2) He was punished because he played a joke on his brother. 由于取笑弟弟，他受到了惩罚。 Module 3 1. get on上（车、船） get on the bus 上公交车 get on the train 上火车 get on the ship 上船

2. get off下（车、船） get off the plane 下飞机 get off the ferry 下渡船 get off the tram 下电车 3. get into 上（车） get into the taxi 上出租汽车 get into the car 上汽车 get into the helicopter 上直升机 4. get out of 下（车） get out of the taxi 下出租车 get out of the car 下汽车 get out of the helicopter 下直升机 5. take off (飞机) 起飞; 脱下；取消；去掉 (1) The plane will take off at ten past nine. 飞机将在9:10起飞。 (2) Take off the coat脱下外套。 (3) The doctor took off his leg. 大夫切掉了他的腿。 * take in接纳；吸收; 包括; 领会 ① You can also take in some of the notable j I architectural monuments. 你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括进来。 ② He had nowhere to live in, so we took him in. 他没地方住，所以我们让他在我家住。 ③ It's difficult to take in the meaning of this word. 理解这个单词的含义很难。 * take over 占据；接任（职位） (1) Our chairman has left, so Peter will take over his job. 我们的主席走了，皮特将接任他的工作。(2) She took her child over to her mother's. 她把孩子带到外婆家去。 6. be short for 是 ........ 的简写 (1) Bob is short for Robert. 鲍勃是罗伯特的简写。 (2) TV is short for television. TV 是

television 的简略形式。 7. not... any more=no more 不再(强调动作不再重复出现） (1) She doesn't live here any more. 她不再住这儿了。 (2) You won't see him any more. 你再也不会看见他了。 (3) I shall not go there any more,

ever again. 我再也不去那儿了。 * not…any longer 不再……（强调动作的不再延续） They will not talk with each other any longer. 他们不再谈下去了。 8. out of date 过时 (1) These machines are out of date. 这些机器过时了。 (2) Will jeans ever go out of date? 牛仔裤会过时吗？ (3) Isn't this textbook out of date? 这教材不是已陈旧了吗？ 9. refer to参考; 查阅；指的是 (1) Don't refer to this matter again. 别再提这事了。 (2) When I said some people

are stupid I wasn't referring to you. 当我说有些人很笨时，我不是说你。 (3) This rule refers to everyone. 这条规则适用于任何人。 10. supply sb. with sth. /supply sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 (1) The school supplies the children with books. 学校提供给孩子们书籍。 (2) How to supply the soldiers with enough food in the war is very

important. 战争中怎样供给士兵足够的食物非常重要。 (3) He supplied the poor with food and clothes. 他给穷人们提供了食物和衣服。 * offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. 提供某人某物 ① She offered him a cup of tea. 她给他一杯茶。 ② He offered his help to me. 他向我提供了帮助。 ③ Someone will offer you 10000 yuan for your house. 有人出10000元买你这套房子。 * provide sb. with sth. /provide sth. to/for sb. 提供某人某物 They provided food and clothes for the suffers. 他们提供食物和衣服给受难者。 11. pass a law 通过一项法律 They passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals. 他们通过了一项法律允许人们射杀动物。 * break a law 违反法律 His behavior broke the law. 他的行为违反了法律。 12. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 (1) The nurse allowed him to remain there, though it was not permitted. 护士让他留在那儿，虽然这是不允许的。 (2) People are not allowed to smoke in the reading room. 人们不允许在阅览室吸烟。 (3) Students are not allowed to eat in class. 学生不允许在课堂上吃东西。 * allow doing sth. They don't allow smoking in the reading room. 他们不允许在阅览室抽烟。 13. on the coast 在海滨 Qingdao is a city on the coast. 青岛是座海滨城市。 14. the first visit to到某地的第一次参观 I never forget my first visit to the zoo. 我忘不了第一次去动物园的情景。 15. try to do设法、努力做某事 (1) He tried not to worry, but he found it difficult 他试图不着急，但他发现这很难。 (2) Try to finish the work as soon as possible. 尽可能快地完成工作。 (3) He tried to pass the exam, but he failed. 他想努力通过考试，但失败了。 * try doing sth. 尝试干某事 ① Try doing more exercises, you'll soon lose weight 多参加些体育锻炼，你的体重很快就 会减轻。 ② ―I usually go there by train. 我通常坐火车去那。 ―Why not try going by boat for a change? 为什么不改变一下坐船去？ * manage to do sth. 设法做成了某事 The box was heavy, but he managed to carry it. 那箱子很重，但他设法搬走了它。 16. at a speed of 以 ....... 的速度 We were traveling at a speed of thirty miles an hour.我们正以每小时30英里的速度前进。* speed up 加速 ① I shall be late

unless I speed up. 要不加快速度我就要迟到了 。 ② He has speeded up the car. 他已加快了汽车的速度。 17. be patient with sb.对某人有耐心 (1) The doctor is very patient with his patients. 那位医生对他的病人很耐心。 (2) You should be more patient with others. 你应该多容忍他人一些。 * be patient of sth. 能忍受某事 He was patient of hardships. 他能忍受苦难。 Module 4 1. put up修建；张贴; 举起; 住宿 (1) A new theatre will be put up where there used to be a temple. 一座新剧院将建在曾是一座古庙的地方。 (2) He put up his hand to catch the teacher's attention. 他举起手以引起老师的注意。 (3) A new notice has been put up on the board. 木板上张贴了 一张新通知。 (4) Will you put me up for the night? 今晚能留我住下吗？ * put out熄灭; 关(灯）；出版；生产 Please put out the light before you go to bed. 上床之前请把灯关掉。 * put up with 忍受；忍耐；受苦 ① I can't put up with your behavior any more. 我再也不能容忍你的行为了 。 ② That woman, as a housewife, has a lot to put up with. 作为家庭主妇，那个女人不得不忍受许多烦恼。 2. so far到目前为止; 到某一点、距离、程度为止 (1) How have you been doing in study so far? 到目前为止，你在学习上进展怎么样？ (2) I can only trust him so far. 我只能相信他这么多。/到目前为止，我只能相信他。 3. Up to now 到目前为止 I have finished one third of the book up to now. 到目前为止，我已完成了该书的三分之一。 4. till now到目前为止 They haven't finished the book till now. 到目前为止，他们还没完成这项工作。 5. get away from 摆脱 (1) I'm too busy to get away from work at the moment. 我此刻工作太忙，抽不开身。 (2) His mother had thought it would be good for his character to get away from home and earn some money on his own. 他妈妈 认为，离开家自己挣些钱对他的性格有 好处。 6. a great many 许多；大量 We have a great many things to do at present 我们当前有许许多多事情要做。 a good/great many +可数名词复 a large/great/good number of 数（作主语a good few/quite a few 时，谓语 动词用复数） many a/an+单数可数名词(作主语时，谓语动词用单数。） a great/good deal of +不

可数名词 a great/large amount of (作主语时，谓quite a little 语动词用单数） a lot of=lots of +可数名词复数或不可 plenty of 数名词(作主语时，谓 语动词根据名词而定） 7. a number of 许多；大量 (1) He always has a number of excuses when he is late for class. 他每次上课迟到都有很多理由。 (2) A number of students want to go to Beijing. 许多学生想去北京。 8. go up 上升 (1) We must make a decision as the price will go up next week. 我们必须做出决定

因为下周价格就上涨了。 (2) Production keeps going up. 生产正在不断上升。 (3) New buildings are going up everywhere. 到处益立起新楼。 go down 下沉；坠落 ① The sun went down.太阳落山了。 ② The helicopter went down in a ball of fire. 直升机在一团火球中坠落。 ③ The torpedoed battleship went down. 被鱼雷击中的战船沉没了。

9. in the city of 在.......... 市 He lives in a tall building in the city of Beijing. 他住在北京市的一栋高楼里。 10. be made of 由……制成(用于可以看出原材料的场合） (1) This glass is made of glass. 这个玻璃杯由玻璃制成。 (2) The desk is made of wood. 桌子由木头制成。 * be made from 由……所做成的（用于原材料不易看出的场合） The paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。 * be made up of 由 ........ 组成 The medical team is made up of ten doctors. 这支医疗队由10名大夫组成。 * be made out of 用 ........ 改制而成 This dress is made out of some old curtains. 她用旧窗帘做了这件衣服。 11. feel fortunate (in) doing sth. 做某事感到幸运 (1) 1 feel fortunate in working with you. 和你工作我 感到很荣幸。 (2) He felt fortunate passing the driving test. 通过驾驶考试他感到很幸运。 12.make money 赚钱 He made a lot of money when he was young. 他年轻时挣了很多钱。 Module 5 1. add... to... 把.......... 加入....... She added sugar to tea. 她在茶里加了糖。 * add to 增加；增添 Your carelessness added to our difficulty. 你的粗心增加了我们的困难。 * add up 把 ...... 加起来 Every time I added up these

figures I got a different answer. 每次合计这些数字，我得到的答案都不一致。 * add up to 总计；总共有 The money he spent added up to no more than $1000. 他花的钱总共不到1000美元。 2. used to过去（常常）…… (1) Mother used to tell us stories at bedtime when we were children. 我们还是孩子时，妈妈常在就寝时间给我们讲故事。

(2) There used to be a stone tower near the old pine trees.在老松树附近曾有一座石, 塔。 (3) He used to help me with my English. 他过去常帮我学英语。 * be used to do被用来干某事 Bamboo can be used to build houses. 竹子可用来建造房屋。 * be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事 ① He was not used to Japanese food. 他吃不惯日本饭。 ② He gets used to going for a walk after supper. 他习惯于晚饭后散步。 3. in the area of 在 ......... 领域 He is a master in the area of music. 在音乐领域他是一位大师。 4. be proud of 为……感到骄傲 (1) We are proud of our success. 我们为我们的成功感到自豪。 (2) We are proud of our motherland. 我们为祖国而自豪。 5. be supposed to do 应该做某事 (1) He is supposed to be there on time. 按理他应准时到那儿。 (2) We are supposed to help each other. 我们理应互相帮助。 (3) It's six o'clock now. He is supposed to be at home. 6点了，他应该在家里。 6. think of想起，记起; 打算；认为 (1) I thought of my best friend Jack when I saw the old photo. 看着这张旧照片，我想起了我最好的朋友杰克。 (2) I'm thinking of going abroad next year. 我正打算明年出国。 (3) We all think well of your

suggestion. 我们都认为你的建议很好。 * think about 想；考虑 We mustn't think about it any more. 我们不要再想这件事了。 think over 仔细考虑 You must think it over. 你必须仔细考虑这事。 7. react with 与........ 反应 An acid can react with an alkali to form a salt. 酸和碱起化学反应生成盐。 8. at the bottom of 在 ........ 的底部 (1) There was a frog at the bottom of the well. 井底有一只青蛙。 (2) Some tea left at the bottom of your cup. 你杯底剩下一些茶。 (3) There is some deposit at the bottom of the cup. 这只烧杯的底部有些沉淀物。 9. put... in order把某物按顺序排列 (1) Kay, put your things in order after you play with them. 凯，玩完后把你的东西整理整理。 (2) after the experiment, everything is put in order in the cupboard. 做完实验后，把所有的东西有序地排列在器皿 拒中。

10. at the top (of) 在上面 There is a temple at the top of the hill. 山顶有一座庙。 11. keep out of... 躲开；使 ........ 不进入 (1) You should try to keep out of trouble! 你得躲开这麻烦。 (2) Keep out of the sun.避免日照。 (3) Keep out of mischief.不要再捣蛋了 。 12. go ahead 开始 (1) Go ahead! We are all listening. 讲吧，我们正听着呢。 (2) ― Can I borrow your dictionary? 我能借你的词典吗？ ―Yes, go ahead. 行，拿去吧。 Module 6 1. consist of 由 ........ 组成 (1) Coal consists of mostly of carbon. 煤大部分是由碳组成。 (2) This club consists of more than 200 members. 这个俱乐部由200多位会员组成。 (3) Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧组成。 2. as well 也 He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well. 他是位科学家，又是位诗人。 * as well as 同 ......... 一样；和；同 ①Tom as well as his parents likes music. 汤姆和他的父母都喜欢音乐。 ②He gave me clothes as well as food. 他既给我衣服，又给我食物。 3. become/be known as 作为 ......... 而出名 (1) George is known as a successful banker. 乔治以成功的银行家而著称。 (2) The West Lake is known as the paradise on earth.西湖被称为人间天堂。 (3) The African lion is known as the king of the forest.非洲狮被称为森林之王。 4. go down下降；下沉; 倒下；降低 (1) He went down the stairs and bought a newspaper. 他下楼去买报纸来。 (2) The sun is going down. 太阳正西下。 (3) Price doesn't seem to be going down. 物价似乎不会下跌。 (4) I'm glad your temperature has gone down. 我很高兴你已经退烧了。 5. come up with 提出；赶上 (1) We shall have to work hard to come up with j them. 我们要努力工作，赶上他们。 (2) I hope you can come up with a better plan than this. 我希望你能提出比这个更好的计划。 6. from that moment on 从那时起 From that moment on, he has been like that. 从那时起，他一直就是那个样子。 7. concentrate on/upon 聚精会神；集中思想 (1) She couldn't concentrate upon a book very long. 她看书时注意力不能集中很长时间。 (2) She concentrated on studying

for her exam. 她为了考试集中精力学习。 (3) This year the company has concentrated on improving its efficiency. 这家公司今年已经把力量集中在提高效率方面。 8. agree with sb. (what sb. said/one's idea/opinion/ decision/view)同意某人(某人的话/想法/意见决 定/观点） (1) He completely agreed with my view on politics. 他完全同意我对政治的看法。(2) I don't agree with you about his latest book —— It's awful. 我不同意你对他那本新书的意见 ——它太糟糕了。 (3) His words don't agree with his action. 他言行不一致。 * agree to a plan(a proposal/program, an agreement) I agree to his plan. 我同意他的计划。 * agree on/upon sth. 就 ......... 取得一致意见 ① We agreed on the date for the meeting. 我们对开会日期取得了 一致的意见。 ② We agreed on a price for the car. 我们就车价达成了 一致意见。 9. compare... with... 把与 相比 (1 ) It's necessary to compare English with Chinese in English study. 学英语时，有必要把英语和汉语进行比较。 (2) Compare this with that, and you'll see which is better. 把这个同那个比较，你就知道哪个更好了。 (3) He began comparing himself with the students. 他开始把自己和学生比较起来。 compare... to... 比拟；比作；与......... 相比 ① Man's life is often compared to a candle. 人生常被喻为蜡烛。 ② The poet compares his lover to a rose in his poems. 诗人在他谛歌中把他的情人比作玫瑰花。 10. communicate with 与……联系 I communicate with my friends by letter. 我与朋友们通信联系。 11. wrap up把……包起来；穿得暖和；完成 (1) I put the book in a box and wrapped it up in brown paper before I posted it. 寄书前我把书放盒子里又用棕色包装紙包起来。 (2) Wrap up well. It's cold outside. 穿暖和些，外面很冷。 (3) Now the trade agreement is wrapped up, all we have to do is to wait for the first orders. 贸易协定既已签订，现在我们要做的就是等待第一批订单。 12. hesitate to do sth. 犹豫、顾虑做某事 (1) If you need any help, don't hesitate to ask. 如果你有什么需要帮助的请尽管说，不要有 什么顾虑。 (2) The government will not hesitate to take the severest measures against these terrorists. 政府将毫不犹豫地采取最严厉的措施对付恐怖分子。 (3) I hesitate to ask you, but will you recommend me for the post? 向你开真不好意思，请你推荐我去担任那职务好吗？ 13. a series of 一系列 (1) There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing. 在那个十字路口，曾发生过一连串事 故。 (2) These days I have read a series of articles on reading. 这些日子里，我读了一系列论述读书 的文章。 (3) The Mexican team will be playing a series of games this year. 墨西哥队今年将进行一系列比赛。