高一必修2-4知识点1

必修2M4 知识点（字数：6000）

1 likes and dislikes

Vt 喜欢 Like sth/sb very much ,

like sb/sth most , like sb/sth best ;

Like doing sth ； like to do sth ；

▲I don’t like it when people look at me like that// I don’t like it when people talk with their mouth full

▲grow to like 逐渐喜欢…

▲feel like sth/doing sth 想做…

▲would like sth , would like to do sth , would like sb to do sth 想…

would like to have done sth 本想做…

I ’d like (to have )the report finished

*if you like ,只要你愿意，/ 如果你愿意， *do whatever you like;

Anything that you like ,

do sth as you like/please/ wish

Like prep 像, 相似

*A be (just /very ) like B ？

( 分清: A like B:？B )

* …sound/ look/ taste/ smell/ seem like …

* Nothing like …一点也不像… :

The course was nothing like what I’d expected

*Anything like …是否像…

Was the film anything like the book?

* Something like …大概/大约:

The machinery alone will cost something like $9,000

* What be sb/sth like?…像什么样？

* It’s (not) like sb to do sth（不）像某人做的事

Like n sb’s likes and dislikes

All the children have their likes and dislikes when it comes to food

Like 的派生词:

* likely adj/adv 可能的/地

Sb /sth be likely to do sth ,

it is likely that 从句, it is likely to do sth

* unlike prep ?

* dislike vt ?

2 interest

Vt 使…产生兴趣： That book interests me

N 1兴趣/关心 2利息 3利益interests

take an interest in …； lose interest in ….

A place of interest ; places of interest

Birds watching is of great interest to me

With interest 有兴趣地，

Interesting adj it is interesting to do sth

Interested adj

sb be interested in sth/doing sth

Sb be interested to do sth

Tom’s _____look suggested the story is very _______.（用interset 的形式填空）

3 Delight n / Vt/vi (使) 欣喜

To one’s delight , 让某人欣喜的是，

Take delight in sth /doing sth

Sth delights sb :Her singing delighted us

The old man delighted in (listening to )jazz

Delighted adj

(more deligted –most delighted )

Delightful adj 令人欣喜的， 令人愉快的,

4 Draw –drew –drawn v

1 vt/vi 绘画，刻画draw sb sth =draw sth for sb

2… draw near/ close. …(时间， 空间) 临近， 靠近。Christmas is drawing near

3 （轻）拉… draw the curtains

4拿/取出…draw some money from the bank

5 draw a conclusion from ….

Draw a conclusion that 同位语从句

6 draw one’s attention to…..使某人注意到…

…draw to a halt/stop …停下来

Draw to a close / an end….. 结束

▲Draw back 1 vi 闪躲， 后退

2 draw back from doing sth 害怕/不敢做…

Drawback n 缺点, 障碍, 不利条件

▲Draw in.. vi （白天）变短

▲Draw out vi (白天) 变长

▲Draw up vt 起草… draw sth up

5 scene /scenic

Scene n 1现场， 场面，

at the scene of the traffic accident

2 场景 情景

Scenic adj 景色优美的scenic spots ?

提示：scenery ? view ? sight ?

6 Live /Living /Lively/ Alive

Live adj 1 有生命的（动物） a live fish

2现场直播a live broadcast of …

vi 生活，居住

短语 live a…life= lead a …life 过着…生活

li ve in harmony with…与…和睦共处…

live one’s dream 努力实现…梦想

Live by doing sth 靠做…生活

live (mainly) on…以为主食.

Live up to… 不辜负，

Live up to one’s expectations 不辜负…期望

Sb be living in sw某人暂时住在…

Live through……经历/经受…

live in the wild …生活在野外条件下

live in want / need 生活贫苦/

Living adj 1 活着的， the living （people ）; he is a living LeiFeng

all living things 所有生物

2 living conditions 生活条件

living standard生活水平

living cost生活开支

n do sth for a living= earn one’s living by doing sth=make a living by doing sth

Lively adj 生动的，活泼的 make one’s classes lively and interesting

Alive adj 1 活着的 keep alive / keep sth alive , remain alive , stay alive

The greatest poet alive ( 作后置定语)

2 仍然存在的 keep the culture alive

3 （城，镇）变得繁忙的

...come alive 变得有生气的/逼真

Bring sth alive 使… 变得有趣

Lovely--- Lovelier ---loveliest.

adj (小孩) 可爱的 ; （天气）宜人的lovely weather ; a lovely boy

7 Observe

Vt 1 观察/测 observe 宾语 do/doing /done

(observation n 观察，注视 )

2 遵守，奉行（法律，协议的等或习俗等）， 庆祝/纪念…Observe Christmas / May Day

8 style n 作风, 方式，风格; 式样：

Sth be in style (流行) Sth be out of style

Stylish adj 时髦的， 漂亮的

9 realize vt 1 领悟，体会，认识到，

Only then did he realize the importance of study

2 实现，达成 realize one’s dream

Reality n (不可数) 现实，真实， 真实性

2 （可数） 现实的事，

In reality =in fact =as a matter of fact

10 the way 有关的定语从句

I don’t like the way that you speak to her (定语从句)

I don’t like the way in which you speak to her （定语从句）

I don’t like the way you speak to her (方式状语从句)

We admired him for the way _____ he solved the hard task

--- You haven’t done it well

---But I did it in the way _____ you told me

A that B which C how D in which

11 Adapt /Adopt

Adapt v 1（使）适应/合

be well adapted to…

…特别适应… （to 是prep ）

adap t oneself to / adapt to… . 适应…

2 改编/写/装

* adaptable adj （人）能适应新情况的， （物）可适应的

* adaptation n 改编/适应

Adopt vt 1采取/纳采Adopt measures

adopt an approach to…，

adopt one’s suggestions/plan

2 收养an adopted child ;

have sb adopted

* adoption n 采纳 收养

12 full adj 满的， 挤满的， 装满的

sw be full of sth =sw be filled with sth

We walked out of the room full of smoke =____( 用fill 的形式填空) with smoke )

2 详尽的，全面的 a full range of sth ,

3 I’m full (吃饱了)

4 at full speed 全速地，

5 full marks 满分

6 to the full /fullest 充分地， 十足地，

Enjoy sth to the full/fullest ,

appreciate sth to the full/fullest ,

7 adj /adv 全日制的 take a full-time job,

8 make full use of sth =make the most of sth =make the best of sth

Fully adv 完全地， 充分地， 彻底地， fully forget sth , sb be fully recovered ,

13 Especially / specially / particularly

▲Especially adv ―尤其， 格外―

I love Italy, especially in summer.

▲Specially adv 特意地， 专门地

I came here specially to see you

Special adj 特殊/别的anything special ,

Specialism n 专修， 专长， 特长

Specialist n 专家， 专科医生

Speciality n 特色菜

Specialize /specialise v 专门研究，

▲Particularly adv 特别地， 尤其，

…be particularly popular with ….

Particular adj 值得单独提及的，

对.. 挑剔的 …sb be particular with ……

In particular 尤其，特别地

Particulars n 细节，详情

14 Divide / separate

Divide v 1 把… （整体）分开（若干部分）

divide sth into three./ four/….

2 把…隔开… divide …sth and sth

3 分配，分享…

4 divide 21 by 3 makes 7 ( 除…)

5 Opinions are divided on this (problem/ matter……)

▲Separate V 1 把…隔开（常用于被动中）

The two towns are separated by a river

2 （把聚在一起的东西）分开/分类/ 分成…

Separate A from B

3分居，分手

Separate adj

1 不相连的，独立的 separate rooms

2 (主意， 信息， 活动等) 互不相关的， 各自的， the two separate problems

Separately adv 各自地

Separated adj (夫妻) 分居的， （情侣）分手的， be /get separated from…..

Separation n 分开（期间）, 夫妻分居/开 Their separation lasted over 20 years

15 Consider vt

1 考虑 consider doing sth

consider wh-conj to do sth

(无consider to do sth )

2 认为 consider it necessary to do sth

Consider it necessary that 句子 （从句中用should +动词原形，should 可省略）

Consider sb to be+n/adj consider sb as n

Sb be considered to be Consider oneself lucky

consider sb to have done sth

Sb be considered to have done sth 某人被认为做了某事

3 体贴 learn to consider sb /other people

短语：

All things considered, …句子。

Everything considered, 句子

Consideration n show consideration for sb ； Out of consideration for …

Under no consideration=on no consideration 决不 （放在句首，句子? ）

Under consideration 在考虑之中；

Take … into consideration /account

Considerable adj 1 值得考虑/重视的；

2 相当大/多的a considerable damage ,

Considering prep/conj 考虑到…， 就…而言，Considering that /wh—句子，

Considering how young he was, he did a very good job

Considerate adj 体贴的， 考虑周到的 It is considerate of sb to do sth

16 Object n （可数）物体

Object v vi 反对， 反感

object to sth./doing sth ,

**Objection n (可数) 异议

Raise /voice an objection to ………

* objective adj 客观的，公正的

Objectively adv 客观地

17 with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time

with +n/pron +?

With everything they needed ____(buy), they went home happily

18 aim n 1 （可数） 目标/的，意图

With the aim of doing sth 有 …的目的/意图，

2 take aim at …. 瞄准…

Aim vt/vi

1瞄准， 对准， aim one’s gun , aim at/for sb /sth 瞄准……。

I’m aiming to lose 4kg before the summer holidays

2 aim to do sth 目标在于做……=aim at doing sth

…be aimed to do sth

The program is aimed at a teenage audience

Sth be aimed at doing sth / be aimed to do sth

Tom takes exercise every day ,_____to lose weight

That kind of book _____to explain English grammars is popular with high school students .

Aimless adj 无目的的， 无目标的

19 Tire vt/vi （使）感到累/疲劳

Tire sb/oneself out 使……筋疲力尽

Tired adj sb be tired out,

Sb be tired of (doing )sth ,

sb be (sick and ) tired of (doing ) sth

Sb be fed up with sth =sb be sick and tired of sth 某人对…（…做…）…厌烦

Sb be tired with sth 某人因…而疲劳/厌烦

Tiredness n 累， 疲劳

Tiring adj 令人累的，

Tireless adj 不知累的，

Tiresome adj 令人厌烦的，令人感到累的

20 I can’t stand doing sth

be fond of

develop an interest in ….

21 must /have to

1 * must 强调―说话人的主观看法‖― 必须，应该‖ 更强调―必要，义务‖用于肯定句，否定句，疑问句, must 只有现在时形式

Everyone must obey the rule。 *Have to 强调―客观要求/需要‖ ―不得不‖ have to 有人称，时态之变，否定句，疑问句形式要借助助动词do ，

He has to give up his plan, doesn’t he?

It is raining hard, you have to take an umbrella

2 have to 的否定形式：

don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t have to do sth ,

3 Must 的否定形式有以下三种

▲表―必须―时， 其否定形式为： don’t have to do sth//needn’t do sth

----Must I hand in the composition right now?

---no, you needn’t /don’t have to

▲表推测时，其否定形式为 can’t /couldn’t

-----This answer must be wrong

-----yes, it can’t be right

▲mustn’t 表―不准， 禁止‖

Cars mustn’t be parked here

We mustn’t smoke here, must we?

4 must 表推测，只用于肯定句(否定句， 疑问句中用can’t /couldn’t )

▲ must +动词原形：对现在情况的 推测He must be lazy, for his desk is untidy

▲Must +be doing 对现在且进行动作的推测

Hurry up, mother must be waiting anxiously

▲ Must +have done 表对过去的动作的推测

The ground is wet, it must have rained last night

注意： must 表推测时其反意疑问句的构成：不以must 为准， 若有明显的时间状语就以该时间状语为准， 若没有明显时间状语，就以must 之后的do/be doing /have done 结合句子主语决定

*It must have rained, ? *Tom must be here, ?

* it must have rained last night , ?

* it must have been raining this time last night, for the ground was completely wet, ?

* they must have finished the work by the end of last week, ?

* you must have been told about it that day, ?

* you must have learned English for over 4 years, ?

*sorry, I’m late, you must have been waiting for a long time, ?

*Must be somebody expecting us downstairs, ?

5 must 可用来表根据逻辑推理必然要发生的事， 翻译为：必然会， 总是会

We all must die. Man must die.

6 must 表―偏偏… ‖

why must you be so stubborn?

Why must it rain today?

Why must she keep on asking?

7 must 名词：

A knowledge of English is a must for the college students nowadays

22 I can tell by the style ？

23 Opinion N 1 （可数） 意见，看法， wha t’s your opinion of sb/sth ?

The general opinion 普遍的看法

2 A have a high / low /good /bad …adj opinion of B ： A 对B 评价高/低/好/不好

-----Susan has a very low opinion of Tom

----It can’t be any worse than ____of Susan

A he B his C him D he done

3 in one’s opinion , =in one’s view,= in one’s eyes =in the eyes of sb . 在某人看来，

24 Attempt v /n 试图，企图，尝试

attempt to do sth ,

sb make an attempt to do sth

in an attempt to do sth =in order to do sth

25 ▲put an end to …结束… ;

▲put one’s heart into …用心投入…

▲put …into effect实施…; put sth into use投入使用…=put sth into practice / put sth into action ▲put sth away ?

▲put down (1)?

(2) put sth down =write sth down =take sth down =set sth down ? ，

▲put forward… ?

▲put off+?

▲put on (1)? （强调动作）

(2) put on weight /speed/ pressure ?

(3) put on a concert, put on performance ,

(4) You’re putting me on ！ ?

▲put out (1) ? (2)?

▲put through ?

▲ put sth together ?

▲ put up ( 1)? ( 2 ) ? (3) ?

▲ put up with sth /doing sth ?

26 Give –gave –given

▲ give (sb) a hand,

▲give away (1) ? give sth away to …(2)?

▲ give sth back to sb, give sb sth back?

3 give in (to……)?

4 give out (1) vt ? （2） vi ?

（3） give out +光/ 热 /声音: 气?

5 give up + ?

given Prep 如果考虑到…

Given their inexperience , I think they’ve done a good job

27 Fail/ succeed

Fail 1 vt/vi 失败，sb fail in doing sth , sb fail to do sth ,

2 sb fail to do sth 某人未能/想/做某事

3 vi sb fail in 科目（不及格）

4 （因缺钱）倒闭， 破产

5 出毛病，衰退， 减弱My eyesight is failing

Failing eyesight / health

6 歉收：If the crops fail again this year, people will starve

7 I fail to see/ understand…我搞不明白/清楚…

Failure n 1 （不可数）名词：失败 end /result in failure ,

2 crop failure 歉收， power failure 停电，

heart/ kidney/ liver failure 心脏/ 肾/肝衰竭

2 （可数）：一个失败的人，一件失败的事

Succeed vi 1 成功 succeed in doing sth , sb succeed as an actor

2 vt 接替， 继承，

Success 1 (不可数) 名词：成功，胜利 have success in doing sth

2 (可数) 名词： a great /big/ huge success (一个成功的人，一件成功的事)

Make a success of （doing ）sth 做。。。成功

Successful adj be successful in doing sth

Successfully adv

28 Promise v 1 保证, 答应

Promise that 从句, promise sb that 句子

Promise to do sth , promise sb sth ,

promise sth to sb , promise sb to do sth

2 有…的希望, 给人以…的指望

Promise to be …

A timely snow promises a good harvest

Promise n 保证，答应

A promise to do sth ,

a promise of help , a promise that同位语从句

Keep one’s promise /word

Break one’s promise/word

=go back on one’s promise

A man of promise

2 a man of promise 有前途的人

Promising adj 大有前途的, 很有希望的

29 discuss vt 讨论， 商讨

Discuss sth with sb ; discuss wh-conj

Discuss whether (不用if )….句子

Discussion n a discussion about sth

Under discussion

30 Persuade / advise / suggest / propose

▲Persuade v 1 vt (成功) 劝说 persuade sb to do sth =persuade sb into doing sth Persuade sb out of doing sth

(劝而不服) try/want to persuade sb to do sth

Try/ want to persuade sb into/out of doing sth

Persuasion n 劝说/ 说服， 信仰，

Persuasive adj 有说服力的

▲Advise v 1 建议（不一定成功） ，

Advise sb to do sth , advise sb not to do sth , advise sb against doing sth

Advise doing sth

Advise that 从句（从句中用？）

Advisable adj 明智的

Advisedly adv 深思熟虑地， 有意地

Well-advised adj 明智的

Ill-advised adj 不明智的

Adviser n 顾问

Advice n (不可数) advice on/about…

Give sb some advice on /about how to do sth

Ask sb’s advice ,

a piece of advice , some advice ,

follow/take sb’s advice ,

▲Suggest vt 1 提议/建议

Suggest doing sth , suggest to sb sth ,

suggest to sb that 宾语从句（？语气）

suggest what /how ……to do sth

2 暗示 （从句中用？语气）

Suggestion （可数）

make a suggestion about / on ……

The suggestion that we (should)set off right now is not practical

At sb’s suggestion 根据某人的建议

Sb be open to suggestions 愿意听取意见/ 欢迎提意见的

▲Propose vt （正式）提议/建议

Propose that 句子（should +动词原形），

2 打算，计划 propose to do sth , propose to do sth

Proposal n （不）可数 计划， 提议（可数），

31 Insist v

1 坚持认为… （某人做…(用陈述语气)

Insist that …从句（陈述语气）:

Mike insisted that he was right

2 坚持要求…

insist that （虚拟语气：should +v ）

They insisted that every one should come to the party

*if you insist (口语) 如果你一定要这样， （用于勉强同意）

----Why don’t you call them up today? -----oh, if you insist

Insist on sth /doing sth

32 difficult 与difficulty

▲Difficult adj it is difficult for sb to do sth

Maths is difficult to learn (?)

The question is difficult to answer ?

It is difficult for me to learn maths =?

He is a difficult man to get along with

▲Difficulty n 困难

difficulties 难题，难事

Sb have some difficulty (in) doing sth

With difficulty Without difficulty

33 you’ve got it right (口) ？

That’s right (口) 对头，是的， 行啦，够啦！

That’s all right (口语) 不用谢，没关系

sb be right for … ,

sb be the right person for sth

It is right to do sth , it is right that 句子

Right in the middle of …,

right in front of ……

right now , right away

if I remember right ,

if I got it right , if I guess right ,

turn right , turn left

sb have the right /no ….right to do sth

on the right, keep to the right ,

equal rights , human rights

know the difference between right and wrong

34 I’m not half as good as you

Good adj good –better- best

be good for sb ..

A be good to sb

Sb be good at sth/doing sth

Have a good time ,

A good/great deal of +?：

A good deal +比较级： a good deal better ,

A good many + ?

…as good as done/ finished/ refused/ sold ―几乎/差不多…和.. 一样， 实际上等于…‖Good night (口)?

Good evening (口) 晚上好

Good n 好处

It is no good doing sth 做某事没好处

do sb good =do good to sb 对…某人有好处

For the good of…为…的好

*Say goodbye to sb *Good-looking adj

*Goodness n for goodness’s sake 看在上帝的份上

* Goods n 货物， 消费品： consumer goods

*Goodwill n 好意， 信誉，

34 what do you make of it (?)

Make time to do sth , 腾出时间做…

make a decision ,做决定； make a mistake , 犯错误；Make a suggestion, 提出建议 make no answer不做回答 Make an apology to sb ,对某人道歉 make a contribution to/Make contributions to …对…做出贡献(to prep )

make an effort/ every effort/ efforts to do sth ,努力做…

make complaints against sb/about sth ,

make a complaint of/about … 对…发牢骚； make fun of .嘲笑… Make arrangements for …对…做安排 make preparations for …为…做准备 Make trouble 捣乱 make a noise 发出噪音make noises Make sense of … 弄懂…

It makes sense to do sth 做某事有意义

make up one’s mind to do sth / that 句子。 下定决心做…

make(good/full) use of … (好好/充分) 利用

make the most/best of …充分利用…

make a fool of sb /oneself 把…当傻瓜 make both ends meet 量入为出 make a difference to sb 对某人起作用

make sb do sth 使某人做…

make Tom sweep the floor, (被动语态中Tom was/is made to sweep the floor) Make one’s classes living and interesting

Make one’s life meaningful

Make A different from B

Make it known /clear/impossible …that 句子 宣布/把…讲清楚/使…不可能 make a donation 捐赠 ；

Make the world easier to understand (比较：make the world easily understood ) make oneself understood/ known/ heard/ noticed

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy

Make sb captain(表官衔，职位的名词做宾语，宾补，表语，同位语时前? ) Make oneself at home

Make money 挣钱,

make a profit /loss 赢利 / 亏本；

make a living by doing sth 靠…谋生

He will make a good teacher

Make 的其他固定短语

▲ make it (1) ?make it to sw

(2)I never thought Clare would make it as an actress

(3）sb make it a rule to do sth 某人常常做

(5）make it any time /any day/ $7/ 6 o’clock …确定（时间， 价格等）

▲Make one’s way (to sw) (缓慢/艰难地) （朝…）前进， 取得成功

▲Make sure of/about …, make sure to do sth , make sure (that )句子：确保… ▲make for (1) …朝…走去/前进

(2)…有利于, 倾向于, 使可能

Does early rising make for good health?

▲…be made of …由…构成（看得出原材料）

…be made from …由…构成（看不出原材料）

…be made into …由…构成（into 后接成品）

…be made up of…=consist of…= be composed of …由…组成

Make A out of B 用B 制成A

▲make the best of 充分利用/尽情享用… ：

▲make out

▲make up (1) ? (2) ? (3) ?

(4) make up the lost time, make up for the lost time

(5) make up one’s mind to do sth / that conj

(6) make up for … 补偿, 弥补… 抵消…

Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence(?)

35 there is an exhibition on ?

What’s on tonight ?

36 tend

v 1 vi 倾向于… tend to do sth

he tends to get angry when people oppose to his plan

tendency n 趋势，倾向

a tendency to/toward ….

37 people generally agree that ….

It is generally believed that …

It is universally accepted that …

38 harm hurt/wound/injure /damage/destroy/ ruin /spoil ?

39 Happen / occur / take place/ come about …―发生‖

▲Happen vi 1意外) 发生

sth is bound to happen. 一定会发生

Whatever happens , no matter what happens,

something happen to sb/sth

What has happened to sb/sth?

What will happen to sb/sth ?

2 碰巧… sb happen to do sth。

It happened /s that…句子

Sb /sth happen to be…；

As it happens；句子。

There happen to be…

▲occur –occurred –occurring

1 vi （正式）发生；

２（主意，想法）浮现在脑中，被想起／到…

An idea occurred to me that…句子

It occurs to sb that ….句子

It occurs to sb to do sth 某人想到了做…事

Occurrence n （可数） 发生的事 ； （不可数） 事情的发生／出现

分清下列―发生‖

Happen Vi 偶然发生

Occur Vi （多指在特定地点或情况下）发生， 存在

Take place Vi 意料之中的发生, 有计划， 安排的发生

Great changes have taken place in sw /have been taking place in sw

Come about Vi (不受控制的发生) How did it come about that 句子？ Become of Vi （ 多用于疑问句） what will become of…sb/sth?

What has become of…..?

Break out Vi （不愉快的事／灾难）突然发生， 爆发，

Arise Vi arise –arose –arisen （问题， 困难）突然出现

A crisis had arisen in the Foreign office

Crop up Vi (问题， 困难) 突然出现I have to go home ,something cropped up Please let me know if anything crop up while I’m away

Go on Vi what’s going on in the kitchen ?