形容词副词介词连词讲解

5．形容词副词

形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常，可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位置不一定都放在名词前面。

1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词，它有级的变化，可以用程度副词修饰，在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如：hot 热的。

2) 叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a 开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如：afraid 害怕的，alike ，alive ，alone ，asleep ，awake 。

（错）She is an afraid girl.

（对）The girl is afraid.

3）形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing 为字尾的词语时，要放在这些词之后，例如：

something nice

以-ly 结尾的形容词

1） 大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly ，deadly ，lovely ，lonely ，likely ，lively ，ugly ，brotherlysisterly, motherly, fatherly 等仍为形容词。

2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily ，weekly ，monthly ，yearly ，early The Times is a daily paper.

The Times is published daily.

带有数字的复合形容词当复合形容词用连字号连接时，其中的名词用单数形式。主要有两种结构：

1) 数词+名词。

a three-hour flight 一次三小时的飞行

a five-hundred-word letter 一封五百字的信

2) 数词+名词+形容词。

a three-year-old boy 一个三岁的男孩

＊多个形容词修饰名词的顺序＊ 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：

限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 限定词+数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+

新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词 副词及其基本用法

副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。

He studies English hard.

His handwriting is very good.

He writes very carefully.

Sometimes he walks to school

注意：副词enough 要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough 放在名词前后都可。

兼有两种形式的副词

1) close与closely

close 意思是" 近" ； closely 意思是" 仔细地"

He is sitting close to me.

Watch him closely.

2)late 与lately

late 意思是" 晚" ； lately 意思是" 最近"

You have come too late.

What have you been doing lately?

3)deep 与deeply

deep 意思是" 深" ，表示空间深度；deeply 时常表示感情上的深度，" 深深地"

He pushed the stick deep into the mud.

Even father was deeply moved by the film.

4)high 与highly

high 表示空间高度；highly 表示程度，相当于much

The plane was flying high.

I think highly of your opinion.

5)wide 与widely

wide 表示空间宽度；widely 意思是" 广泛地" ，" 在许多地方"

He opened the door wide.

English is widely used in the world.

6)free 与freely

free 的意思是" 免费" ；freely 的意思是" 无限制地" ―自由地‖

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

You may speak freely; say what you like.

形容词与副词的比较级

注意：＃ 英语中，有些双音节形容词可以加more/most，也可以加-er ，-est 构成比较级和最高级，常见的词有：friendly,clever,narrow,common 。

＃以-ior 结尾的形容词，不用" 比较级+than"来表示比较，而是要用" 原级+to"。常用的 词有：superior(优于) ，inferior(次于) ，junior(年少的) ，senior(较年长的，较高级别 的) 。 ＃少数形容词和副词的比较级、最高级是不规则的。

good/well - better - best bad/ill/ - worse – worse many/much - more – most

little - less – least old-older/elder-oldest/eldest far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

一．同等程度比较的要点

1) as…as 之间一定要用形容词或副词原形，如：

I am as old as you. 我和你年龄一样大。

Tom works as hard as Mary. 汤姆和玛丽工作一样努力。

2) so用以替代第一个as 时，只能用于否定句，如：

John is not as/so clever as Jack. 约翰不像杰克那样聪明。

3)as much+不可数名词+as，

as many+可数名词复数＋as 和……一样多的某物

4)as+adj.+ a/an+可数名词单数 +as

as+adj.+不可数名词+as

二. 要用" 比较级+than"的结构。

2) 比较级前可用a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等

等表示程度，但比较级 前不能再用不能使用very ，quite. 。

注：＃表示不同程度比较时，句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。

Tom works harder than any students.错

注：＃比较级范围是由of 引出两者之间的比较，比较级前要用定冠词 。

He is the taller of the two. 两人中他高一点。

三、最高级

1) 三者(或三者以上) 的比较才能用最高级。

2) 形容词最高级要加the 。

＃one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示" 最……之一")

注：＃最高级可用by far,easily,nearly ,by no means,序数词等修饰，置于最高级之前。 He is the second tallest boy in our class.

四、几个特殊的比较结构

1) "the+比较级…，the+比较级…"结构，意为" 越……，越……"，表示程度的平行增长

2) "比较级+and+比较级" 结构，意为" 越来越……"，表示程度逐渐增长

6．介词

(一) 表示时间的介词

(1)at①接具体时间：eg ．at six，at half past two，at ten to twelve

②表示―在…时刻‖；eg: at noon，at midnight

(2)in①表示―在(某段时间段) 之间‖；eg ．in January，in a month，in spring，in 2005

②在将来时中，表示―在某段时间之后‖ eg．In ten years，I think I'll be a reporter．

(3)on 表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上等。

eg. On Monday，On Tuesday afternoon，On May4th ，On the morning of July 6th

(三) 固定搭配的介词

(1)动词+介词：look after，look at，look for，laugh at，listen to，hear from，turn On，turn off, wait for，worry about，think of，spend ．．．On

(2)介词十名词：by train，on foot，at the end of ,at last，in the end，in trouble，at table，at breakfast， in hospital,in time，On time, On one’s way to，with pleasure

(3)be+形容词+介词：be afraid of ,be good at，be good／bad for， be late for，be interested in，be angry, with，be full of，be sorry for

7. 连词(conj.用来连接词与词或句与句

(1)并列连词(用来连接平行的词、词组或分句)

①表并列关系：not only．．．but also，neither ．．．nor ，and

②表选择关系：or ，either ．．．or

③表转折关系：but ，while

④表因果关系：for ，so

(2)从属连词(用来引导状语从句)

①引导时间状语从句：after ，before ，when ，while ，as ，until ，till ，since ，as soon as ②引导原因状语从句：because ，as ，since

③引导目的状语从句：so that，in order that

④引导结果状语从句：so that，so…that，such ．．．that

⑤引导比较状语从句：than ，as…as

⑥引导宾语从句：that （陈述句），if,/whether（一般疑问句）

一、基础练习

1. If I had＿＿＿, I’d visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places.

A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday

C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough

2. These oranges taste＿＿＿. A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well

3. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard＿＿＿.

A. the better voice B. a good voice C. the best voice D. a better voice

4. I’d be＿＿＿, if you could give me an early reply.

A. pleasant B. grateful C. satisfied D. helpful

5. Those T-shirts are usually ＄35 each, but today they have a (an)＿＿＿price of ＄19 in the shopping center.

A. regular B. special C. cheap D. ordinary

6. Mr Smith bought a＿＿＿purse for his wife.

A. small black leather B. black leather small C. small leather black D. black small leather

7. —— How was your job interview?

—— Oh, I couldn’t feel＿＿＿. I hardly found proper answers to most of the questions they asked.

A. better B. easier C. worse D. happier

8. Longjing tea, Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous,but which do you think＿＿＿＿＿?

A. tastes best B. smells most C. sounds best D. drinks mostly

9. —— Can Li Hua help me with my English?

—— I regret to tell you her English is＿＿＿＿＿yours.

A. as good as B. no more than C. no better than D. as much as

10. Although he sometimes loses his temper, his students like him＿＿＿＿＿for it.

A. not so much B. not so little C. no more D. no less

11. When they came in, Mr Harris＿＿＿＿＿＿like a baby.

Nobody would like to wake him from a good dream,because he needed rest.

A. fell asleep B. was sound asleep C. got asleep D. went to sleep

12. This year they have produced＿＿＿ grain ＿＿＿they did last year.

A. as less； as B. as few； as C. less； than D. fewer； than

13. —— Can I help you?

—— Well, I’m afraid the box is＿＿＿heavy for you,but thank you all the same.

A. so B. much C. very D. too

14. —— How did you find your visit to the museum?

—— I thoroughly enjoy it. It was＿＿＿＿＿than I expected.

A. far more interesting B. even much interesting

C. so far interesting D. a lot much interesting

15. —— Would you like some wine?—— Yes, just＿＿＿＿＿.

A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit

16. It takes a long time to go there by train； it’s ＿＿＿＿by road.

A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker

17. If there were no examinations, we should have＿＿＿at school.

A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much happiest time D. a much happier time

18. I’m surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)＿＿＿＿＿trick.

A. ordinary B. easy C. smart D. simple

19. The salesman showed her several bags and she chose＿＿＿one as she didn’t want to spend too much money on it.

A. the less expensive B. less expensive C. the least expensive D. least expensive

20. ＿＿＿＿＿box cannot be lifted by a boy of five.

A. So a heavy B. So heavy a C. A such heavy D. Such heavy a

21. If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ＿＿＿choice.

A. good B. the best C. better D. the better

22. It was＿＿＿＿＿late to catch a bus after the party, there fore we called a taxi.

A. too very B.much too C. too much D. far

23. Greenland, ＿＿＿＿＿island in the world, covers even two million square kilometers.

A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest

24. —— Mum, I think I’m ＿＿＿＿＿ to get back to school.

—— Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.

A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough

25. Dracula and Frankenstein are＿＿＿＿＿film characters.

A. frighten B. frightened C. frightening D. frightenly

26. When they heard the bad news, they all looked＿＿at the master and felt quite＿＿.

A. sad； sad B. sadly； sadly C. sad； sadly D. sadly； sad

27. The storm kept me＿＿＿＿＿all through the night.

A. awake B. awoke C. awaked D.awoken

28. —— What do you think of the concert?—— Oh, it was＿＿＿＿＿success.

A. a very B. quite a C .so D. really

29. My＿＿＿＿＿brother is two years＿＿＿＿＿than I.

A. older； older B. elder； older C. older； elder D. elder； elder

30. I haven’t seen＿＿＿＿＿this since I collected stamps.

A. as old a stamp as B. so an old stamp as C. stamp as old as D. as an old stamp as

二、提高练习

1. To plant the tree, we must dig _____.

A. a three feet deep hole B. three-foot-deep a hole

C. a hole three feet deep D. a three-feet-deep hole

2. I think he is one of the best men you've ____ found.

A, never B. already C. ever D. once

3. ____ the boy’s grown! He is almost ___ his father.

A. What, as tall as B. What, taller than C. How, as tall as D. How, taller than

4. I haven’t got ____ nails to mend the cupboard. I need another three of them.

A. enough big B. big enough C. much bigger D. many enough

5. Henry knows little of physics _________ of chemistry.

A. as well as B. no less than C. and still more D. and still less

6. — The dish is delicious!

— Well, at least it's ___ the one I cooked yesterday.

A. as bad as B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than

7. — Do you think the weather is good enough for a picnic?

— Yes. You couldn't hope for ____ at this time of the year.

A. a nice day B. the nice day C. a nicer day D. the nicest day

8. It makes Thomas no better, and it makes you ____

A. best B. good C. well D. worse

9. With the help of the new equipment, our factories produced ___ VCD players in 2000 as the year before.

A. as many as twice B. twice more than C. as twice many D. twice as many

10. I had invited 50 guests to the party, but actually twice ____ came.

A. more than B. as many C. as much D. less than

11. — Why didn't you go to the cinema last night?

— It was something ____ interesting.

A. far less B. more or less C. much more D. any further

12. The population of many Alaskan cities has _____ doubled in the past five years.

A. larger than B. more than C. as greatly as D. as much as

13. — This is a good place for a picnic.

— Yes, it couldn't be ____ .

A. better B. best C. worst D. worse

14. — How do you like your teacher of English?

— Well, no one teaches _____ here.

A. well B. poorly C. best D. better

15. In the poor parts of America's big cities there is a lot of crime, _____ .

A. and much of it is serious B. much of it is serious

C. and many more is serious D. more of it is serious

16. — Do you like cats?

— Of course. They are ____ a kind of pet. They can do much good for their masters.

A. better than B. more than C. no more than D. no better than

17. The newly-built theatre is ____ the old one.

A. as twice big as B. twice more bigger than

C. twice the size of D. twice so big as

18. I'm afraid that your conclusion is ____ from correct.

A. far B. free C. different D. short

19. Thank you very much. It's ____ of you.

A. kindest B. a most kind C. the most kind D. most kind

20. Whoever is never _____ with the progress he has made will be a success.

A. content B. proud C. praised D. enough

21. My teacher has three brothers, all _____ than he. George, _____, is an officer.

A. elder, the eldest B. old, the oldest C. elder, the old one D. older, the eldest

22. You shouldn't be too ___ about things you are not supposed to know.

A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious

23. The new research team was led by the ____ engineer.

A. main B. major C. chief D. primary

24. These T-shirts are usually $ 35 each but today they have a ___ price of $19 in the shopping centre.

A. regular B. special C. cheap D. particular

25. It is a good way for us to memorize new words by seeing them_____.

A. properly B. repeatedly C. clearly D. usually

26. — Why did she spend so much time searching shop after shop for a blouse?

— Oh, she was very ____ about her clothes,

A. special B. particular C. especial D. unusual

27. Football fans are _____ young people between the ages of fifteen and twenty.

A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most

28. It’s very _____ to let the old have seats on the bus.

A. thoughtful B. useful C. careful D. funny

29. — Mr. Zhang, can I talk to you ____ about my composition?

— Sure. How about Thursday afternoon?

A. somewhere B. somehow C. sometime D. sometimes

30. The early train is ____ to leave at five in the morning.

A. possible B. due C. probable D. sure

1.A 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.C 10.D 11.B 12.C

14.A15.C16.D17.D18.D19.C20.B21.D22.B23.D24.C25.C27.A28.B29.B 30.A

二、1-10: CCCAD BCDDB 11-20: ABADA BCADA 21-30: DCCBB BCACB 改错:

1. His computer is cheaper than I.

2. Bill is taller than any boy in his class.

3. Mary sings better than any other boy in her class.

4. Jim is very older than his sister.

5. Li Ling is the youngest of our class.

6. It is the most useful book.

7. Li Fen draws better of the two girls.

8. He is the tallest in the three boys.

9. It’s more bigger than a chicken.

10. He is younger of the two.

11. My classroom is bigger than you.

12. The girl is very taller.

13. Mr. Green is my the best teacher.

14. Jim is one of the tallest boy in our class.

15. John runs is the fastest of all.

13.D