七年级上册英语导学案
七年级上册英语导学案Unit1—Unit2(两课时)
教学目标
1. 掌握英语中常见问候语。
2. 学习名词、冠词、人称代词、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、名词所有格、基数词、be动词的
用法。 一、自主学习 1、 重点短语。
Excuse me, be from ,telephone number, how old ,in English ,a desk ,twelve years old ,three pencils, a small nose,come from English,in the same school,in different grades,look like,give,give…to,white and blue,in a white T-shirt
重点语法 名词复数
A.可数名词有单数(Singular Form)和复数(Plural Form)两种形式。表示一个人或物用单数形式,表示一个以上的人或物用复数形式。
1.一般在词尾加-s。s在浊辅音后面读[z],在清辅音后面读[s],在[t]后与[t]一起读[ts],在[d]后与[d]一起读[dz]。例如:
book — books 书 day — days 天、日 dog — dogs 狗 tree — trees 树
2.以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词在词尾加-es,读[iz]例如:
glass — glasses 玻璃杯 watch — watches 手表 box — boxes 盒子 brush — brushes 刷
3.以o结尾的词有些加-es,读[z];有些加-s,读[s]。例如: tomato — tomatoes 西红柿 potato — potatoes 土豆
photo — photos 相片 radio — radios 收音机 zoo — zoos 动物园
4.以f 或fe 结尾的词,先把f 改为v,再加–es,读[vz]。例如: knife — knives 小刀 leaf — leaves 树叶 life — lives 生命 thief — thieves 小偷
5.以辅音字母加y 结尾的,先把y 改为i,再加-es,读[z]。例如: story — stories 故事 city — cities 城市 family — families 家庭 baby — babies 婴儿
注意:boy — boys 男孩 toy — toys 玩具 key — keys 钥匙
6.有些名词有不规则的复数形式。例如:
man — men 男人 woman — women 妇女 tooth — teeth 牙齿 foot — feet 脚
7.有些名词的单复数形式相同。例如;
deer — deer 鹿 sheep — sheep绵羊
Chinese — Chinese 中国人 Japanese — Japanese 日本人
8.有些学科名词虽以s 结尾,但通常都做单数名词看待。例如:
physics 物理 maths 数学 politics 政治 news 新闻
9.有些单数形式的名词具有复数的含义,要当作复数看待。例如: people 人们,人民 police 警察 public 公众
练习
一、写出下列名词的复数形式
movie life knife fryleaf photo radio piao zoo tomato potato bus watch box book map cat film door month horse picture class boy tooth woman eye tooth German Chinese
man football child classroom monkey Frenchman 二、 选择填空:
1. There are some ________ on the hill.
A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes 2. Mr Black often gives us ________ by Email.
A. some good information B. some good informations C. good informations D. a good information
3. There are some new books in the school library. They are ____ books. A. child B. childrens' C. children D. children's 4. I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new ________ . A. pair B. one C. ones D. trousers
5. Meimei's handwriting is better than any other ______ in his class. A. students B. students C. student's D. students' 6. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about _______ . A. forty minutes's walk B. forty minute's walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes' walk 7. How many _____ are there in your class ?
A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian
8. I found my black cat in_____ room.
A. Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mike's C. Jim's and Mike's D. Jim's and Mike 9. How much are the _____ ?
A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes 10. There are many ______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman's teachers C. women teachers D. women's teachers 11. Three months ________ a long time for me. A. is B. are C. have D. has
12. There are ______ and ______ on the table. A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange
C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges
C.-名词所有格的用法 1. 名词的格的种类
英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们又统称作通格。当名词用作主语、宾语、表语时,用通格。英语名词的所有格表示所属关系,它分-’s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式。
Tom loves Mary. (Tom 为主格,Mary 为宾格,均为通格形式) Tom’s best friend is Mary. (Tom’s 是所有格,Mary 为通格) The title of the book is interesting. (of the book 为所有格) 2. -’s所有格的构成方法
(1) 一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加 -’s: children’s books 儿童图书 today’s paper 今天的报纸
(2) 带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇(‘): girls’ school 女子学校
the Smiths’ car 史密斯家的小汽车
注:带词尾s的单数名词,通常仍加’s: the boss’s plan 老板的计划
the hostess’s worry 女主人的担心
(3) 带词尾s的人名,可加’s 或只加省字撇(‘): Dickens’ novels 狄更斯的小说 Charles’s job 查理斯的工作
不带词尾-s却以咝音结尾者,一律加’s:
Marx’s works 马克思的著作 George’s room 乔治的房间
(4) 用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s: Tom’s and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间 Tom and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间 3. -’s所有格的用法
-’s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西,但有时也可用于无生命的东西,这主要见于: (1) 用于表时间的名词后:
tomorrow’s weather 明天的天气 two days’ journey 两天的旅程
比较:ten minutes’ break = a ten-minute break 10分钟的休息 (2) 用于表国家、城市的名词后: America’s policy 美国的政策
the city’s population 这个城市的人口 4. -’s 所有格与of 所有格的用法比较
(1) of 所有格既可用于有生命的人或物,也可用于无生命的东西。of 所有格有时可以与-’s 所有格互换。如:
Mr Smith’s son = the son of Mr Smith 史密斯先生的儿子 Jim’s patience = the patience of Jim 吉姆的耐心
the Queen’s arrival = the arrival of the Queen 女王的到达 (2) 必须用 ‘s 所有格的情形:
①表类别时:men’s shoes 男鞋,children’s stories 儿童故事 ②表来源时:John’s telegram 约翰的电报
③当被修饰的名词后有同位语修饰时:Mary’s husband, a policeman, has just been here. 玛丽的丈夫是个警察,刚刚来过这儿。
(3) 必须用of 所有格的情形:
①用于无生命的事物时:the subject of the sentence 句子主语 ②表同位关系时:the City of Beijing 北京市
③当中心词是名词化的名词时:the life of the poor 穷人的生活 二、合作共建。练习对话。
-Who’s that young man ?________________________? -Of course.I know.That’s Peter.He is from Canada. -Really?_______________________________?
-He’s a businessman.Come on!Let me introduce you to him.Good afternoon,Peter. -Hi,Dong Ming._____________________________? -Fine,Peter.I;d like you meet my friend ZhaoYan.
-Nice to meet you.,Zhao Yan.
-________________________.He told me you’re from Canada. -Right.
-___________________? -For about one year.
-Can you speak Chinese. -Yes.but a little. 三、探索疑难
1. Today is September 10th. It's ________ Day. A. Teacher B. Teacher's C. Teachers' D. Teacher' 2. It's June 1st, it's ________ Day. A. Childrens B. Children's C. Childrens' D. Childrens's 3. This year, ________ is on May 9th. A. My mother's brithdayB. My mothers' brithday C. My mothers brithday D. My mothers's brithday
4. Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the ________ . A. doctor B. doctor's C. doctors' D. doctor' 5. —Where is Mr. Zhang? —He is in the ________ . A. teacher's reading room B. teachers' reading roo C. teacher reading roomD. teachers reading room
6. This is ________ ball. It's not ________ . A. the boy's, girl'sB. the boy's, the girl's C. the boy, the girl D. boys', girls
7. This year, the most popular ________ hat is that kind. A. woman's B. womens' C. women's D. womans'
8. Look at the book, it's not mine, and it's not yours, so it must be ________ . A. somebody else's B. somebody else' C. somebody's else D. somebody' else
9. These are ________ . A. newspaper of today B. today's newspaper C. today's newspapers' D. today newspaper's
10. It's about ________ from my home to our school. A. twenty minutes' walk B. walk of twenty minutes' C. walk of twenty minutes' D. twenty minute's walk
四、练习:选择填空
1.The train is running fifty miles ______.
A. an hour B. one hour C. the hour D. a hour
2 .---Who’s this ? ---______________Wang Yu. A. This’s B. She’s C. This is D. He is 3. ---What’s that?. ---It’s ______ egg. A. a B. the C. / D. an 4. ---What's that in English ---It's ___ car. It's___ orange car.
A. a, an B. a, a C. an, a D. an, an 5. My sister often ______ after class.
A. play the piano B. plays the basketballC. plays the piano D. play basketball
6. Tianan Men Square and _____ Great Wall are tow of the places everyone should see in _____ People’s Republic of China. A. the…the B. /…/ C. the…/ D. /…the 7. ______ old man is ______ English teacher.
A. The; an B. An; an C. The; the D. A; a
8. She is _______ English teacher. A. an B. a C. the D. / 9 ---Who’s that girl? ---____ my sister. A. This is B. She’s C. It’s D. That’s 10 ---Welcome to Beijing ! ---________.
A. Welcome to Beijing, too. B. You’re welcome. C. Thank you. D. Not at all. 按要求完成句子
1. This is a toy.(就划线部分提问)__________ is this?
2. His name is Jack.(就划线部分提问)__________ is his name?
3. My name is Kangkang. (就划线部分提问)__________is _______ name? 4. They are from Cuba. (就划线部分提问) _________ ________ they from? 5. I am Zhang Yimou. (同义句) ________ ________ is Zhang Yimou. 6. This is Mr. Zhang. (就划线部分提问) _________ this?
7. Nanjing is in Jiangshu. (就划线部分提问)____________ is Nanjing?
8. Mary comes from London. (就划线部分提问)_______ ______ Mary ______from? 9. It’s from my pen pal, Lucy. (就划线部分提问) ______ is it ______? 10. They are oranges (就划线部分提问)___________ ________ they? Our some around tell speak why January each old thriller talk what 1.________boy has a yellow chair. 2.How____is your grandfather?
3.|_____is the first month of the year?
4.Linda does her homework at __________nine o’clock. 5.His uncle can _______a little French. 6.He does’t have __________aunts. 7.This is__________classroom. 8.______does she like history?
9.Black September is a _____________. 10.________me about your new school.
Homework:1.以My favorite______ 为题写一篇80词左右的短文。(不能出现真实姓名或地址)
2.编写对话。以爱好为话题编写。(不少于60词)
课后小结: