初中英语语法专题复习(一)

初一英语专题复习

一．时态专题复习

一）、一般现在时：

1、现在的状态。○2、经常或习惯性动作。○3、主语所具备的性格和能力。○4、真理。○）

1、标志：often （经常）,usually （通常）,sometimes （有时）,always （总是）,never （从不）, on Sundays（在星期天）, every day/month/year（每一天/月/年）

2、结构：

（1）主语+be(am/is/are)+名词/形容词/数词/介词短语/副词等做表语表状态（包括There be +n.）

练习：

1.I______(be) a student. My name_____(be) Tom.

2. Where _____(be) my shoes? They___(be) here.

3.Who ____(be) the girl with long straight hair? I think she ___(be) Kate.

4. You and I ___(not be) in Class Six.

5.___(be) there a supermarket on the Fifth Avenue? Yes, there_____(be).

6. ____ her parent tall? No, he____.

（2）主语（非第三人称单数）+行为动词原形+其他 （用do 帮助构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问）

（3）主语（第三人称单数）+行为动词的第三人称单数+其他（用does 构成否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句）

行为动词第三人称单数加-s 的形式①- s ②辅音+y: study-studies ③以s,x,ch,sh 结尾

watch-watches teach-teaches

④特殊have-has do-does go-goes

肯定句 1) My brother _________(do) homework every day.

否定句 2)My brother________(not do)homework every day.

一般疑问句 3)______ your brother _____ homework every day?

Yes, he______. No, he _________.

特殊疑问句 4)When _____ your brother ____(do) homework?

巩固1. 写出下列单词的第三人称单数形式。

have study do carry

teach watch fly try

pay be practice say

catch wash surf

2. 选择括号中的动词的正确形式填空。

(1)Tom_______(like; likes) playing basketball very much.

(2)I________(didn’t; don’t) like talking with him.

(3)________(Playing; Play) computer games is my favorite.

(4)Nobody can______(live; lives; living) without water.

(5)_______(Do; Does) anybody know this word?

(6)There is little water in the bottle, ______(isn’t there; is there)?

(7)______(Come; Coming) to my birthday party, will you?

(8)Tom is a worker. He ________(work; works) in a factory. I _____(work; works) in a hospital.

(9)Who_______(speak; speaks) English best in your class?

(10)Mrs. Brown______(cooks; is cooking) for her family every day.

3. 按要求进行句型转换。

1. David does his homework every day.(变否定句)

2. Tony doesn’t have a lot of time to paint.(变肯定句)

3. Snoopy has a very cool bicycle.（变否定句）

4. Do you have a pencil in your pencil case?（肯定回答）

5. They are the students in Number one middle school.（改成否定句）

6. My mother likes watching TV at night.（改为否定句）

7. There is some bread on the table. (改为否定句)

8. That bicycle is black and white.（变成复数形式）

9. My brother wants to buy those black shoes.（变成否定句）

10. We have an English Talent Show every year.（变成一般疑问句）

二）．现在进行时：表示说话瞬间或现阶段正在进行的动作。

1、 标志: now（现在）listen （听）look （看）

2、 结构:主语+助动词be(am/is/are)+行为动词的现在分词(doing)

现在分词的构成：①-ing: eat-eating ②辅音字母+e（不发音）: take-taking

③ sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning, run-running, swim-swimming,

stop-stopping, get-getting, shop-shopping（双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ing. ）

4die-dying ，tie-tying ，lie-lying ○

练习：1. Jim __________________(take) photos in the park now.

2. Jim_________(not take) in the park now.

3. _______________Jim____________(take) photos in the park now?

Yes, he _____. No, he _______.

4. Where _________Jim ____________ photos now? In the park.

5. The little boy _______ (draw) a picture in his room now.

6. Listen! Some girls _______ (sing) an English song in the classroom.

7. --- What ______ your mother ______ now?

---She _______ (cook) some nice food now.

8. Look! The girls ______ (practice ) dancing in the classroom.

9. Some of the girls are ______ (water) the flowers now.

10. It’s six o’clock now. Our family ______ (have) supper at home.

11.---________ your little brother _______ (fly) a kite on the playground?

--- Yes,________.

12._______ you ______(ask) me questions?

13. ---Hey, what are you _____ (do) now?

--- I ______ (eat) some bread. What’s up?

14. It ’s nine o ’clock in the evening. But my father _____ still ______ (work) in the office.

三）一般过去时

1. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.

2. _________ she _________(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.

3. What ________ Tom ________ (do) on Saturday evening?

He ________(watch) TV and __________(read) an interesting book.

4. They all _________(go) to the mountains yesterday morning.

5. She _________(not visit) her aunt last weekend.

She ________ (stay) at home and _________(do) some cleaning.

6. When ________ you _________(write) this song? I __________(write) it last year.

7. My friend, Carol, ________(study) for the math test and ________(practice) English last night.

8. ________ Mr. Li __________(do) the project on Monday morning? Yes, he _________.

9. How _________(be) Jim's weekend? It _________(be not) bad.

10. ________ (be) your mother a sales assistant last year? No. she __________.

改写句子：

1、Lucy did her homework at home.（改否定句）Lucy ________ _______ her homework at home.

2、He found some meat in the fridge（冰箱）. （变一般疑问句)

___________ he __________ ___________ meat in the fridge?

3、There was some orange in the cup.（变一般疑问句)_______ there _______ orange in the cup?

4. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑问句）

_______ Frank _______ an interesting book about history?

5. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas______ _____RMB 10 on this book. （划线提问）

________ ________ ________ family _______ last week?

改错题(20)

1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________

2．He go to school by bus last week. ____________________________

3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month. ____________________________

4．I can fly kites seven years ago. ______________________________

5．Did you saw him just now. ____________________________________

6．Tom wasn’t watch TV last night. ____________________________________

7．I didn’t my homework yesterday. ____________________________________

8．He wait for you three hours ago. ____________________________________

9．Who find it just now ? ________________________________________

10.What make him cry (哭) just now? __________________________________

二、情态动词：

1、任何主语+can/may/must+动词原形 2、主语+ can’t/may not/ mustn’t+动词原形

3、 Can/May/Must + 主语+ 动词原形？ 4、疑问词+can/may/must+主语+动词原形？

三、非谓语动词（固定搭配）

1. like+ to do 不定式/doing动名词 2.want to do sth. 3. love to do 4. would

like to do sth. 5. enjoy doing sth. 6. thanks for doing

7. stop doing sth 8. let sb. do sth.

She wants _____(have) a party. Does he like _______(swim)?

Thanks for _______(enjoy) CCTV show. She never stops ____(talk).

四．祈使句：

Go straight and turn left/ right. Go through Fifth Avenue. Take a taxi （Take a bus，Take a walk……）

句型转换

1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）

___ read __ __ it __ again more slowly, please.

2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句）

_____ _____ me, or I’ll go.

3. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）

Let's watch the sports games, _____ _____?

4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）

_____ _____careless, please.

5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）

_____ _____ next to Nancy.

6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）

Don't forget to turn off the lights, _____ _____?

7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）

_____ _____, or you'll die.

8. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）

Come to my house tomorrow, _____ _____?

五．人称代词： 我 你 他 她 它 我们 你们 他/她/它们

主格： I you he she it we you they

宾格： me you him her it us you them

形容词性物主代词： 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 my your his her its our your their

练习：1.________(我) am a worker. _________(你) are a doctor. ______(她) is a teacher.

2.This is (他的 ) shirt. 3. This is __________(我的)pen.

4._________(他们的) trousers are there.

5. I like this picture. Please give ________(它) to ________(我).

6. People get ________(他们的) money from _________(我).

7._____(他们) are new students. _____(他们的) names are Lucy and Lily.

8. These are _____(我们的) shoes. Can ____(我们) wear ______(它们).

9．Thank _______ for _______(你的) help.

10. _______(他) loves _______（她）, and _______(她) loves _______（他）,too. _______(我) love _________（你）, and ________(你) love _______（我），too. 用括号中人称代词的适当形式填空

1. This is my uncle. We often visit ______ (he).

2. ______ (We) math teacher is very kind to us.

3. What day is _____ (it) today?

4. My coat is blue. The red one doesn’t belong to ______ (I).

5. These new shoes are so nice. I like _____ (they) very much.

6. Hey, boys! Did you hand in _____ (you) homework yesterday?

7. My cousin is a lovely girl. So I love _____ (she) very much.

8. Let’s ask Jane. _____ (she) is very clever.

9. Tom lost _____(he) keys on the way to school.

10. Our school uniforms are more beautiful than _____ (they).

11. Hello, Sandy. What are _____ (you) doing now?

12. The monkey is putting the apple into _____ (it) mouth.

13. This dictionary is not Gina’s. ______ (she) is on her desk.

14. Where is my English book? _______ (I) can’t find it.

15. _____ (I) bag is on the desk.

16. Their Chinese teacher is a woman and _____ (we) is a man.

17. My name is Ann. What’s _____ (you)?

18. ______ (We) classroom is brighter than ______(they).

六．There be句型

选择填空

( )1.There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table .

A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much

( )2.There _____ a film tomorrow evening．

A ．will have B．have C．is going to be D．has

( )3.There's going to ____ in tomorrow's newspapers.

A. have something new B. have new something

C. be something new D. be new something

( )4.How many boys ____ there in Class one?

A. be B. is C. are D. am

( )5.There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

( )6.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.

A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some

( )7.There ____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them.

A. are B. is C. has D. have

( )8. There is little water in the glass, ____ ?

A. isn't there B. isn't it C. is it D. is there

( )9. ----There is no air or water on the moon. Is there?

---- ____.

A. Yes, there are B. No, there isn't

C. Yes, there isn't D. No, there is

( )10.----What did you see in the basket then ?

----There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

( )11. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street ?

A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have

( )12. ____ is there on the table?

A. How many apples B. How much bread

C. How much breads D. How many food

( )13. There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me?

A. any B. some C. a D. an

( )14. There ____ something wrong with our classroom.

A. are B. has C. is D. have

( )15. There is some ____ on the table.

A. apple B. orange C. cake D. sandwich

句型转换：

1.There is a woman near the house.（变复数）_______________________________________

2. There are some buses near the hill.（变单数）______________________________________

3. There are some apples in the tree（变一般问句）____________________________________

4. There are some oranges in the glass.（变否定句）___________________________________

5. Is there a baby in the room?（变复数） ___________________________________________

就划线部分提问)

______ ______ in the garden?

就划线部分提问)

_____ on the floor?

就划线部分提问)

_____ _______ your new dress?

in the room.→(就划线部分提问)

______ _______in the room? =_______ in the room?

9. There aren't any pictures on the wall.(同意句转换)

There _______ _______ pictures on the wall.

10. There isn't a bike behind the tree. (同意句转换)

There _______ _______bike behind the tree.

11. There is no milk in the glass (同意句转)

There _____ _____ milk in the glass.

12. There is no book on the floor. (同意句转换)

There _____ _____ book on the floor.

13. There are no pens in the pencil-case. (同意句转换)

There ______ ______pens in the pencil-case.

14. A week has seven days. (同意句转换)

______ ______ seven days ______a week.

15. There are some books on my shelves. (同意句转换)

______ ______ some books ______ the shelves.

16. Our class has 71 boys and girls. (同意句转换)

_______ _______71 boys and girls ______our class.

就划线部分提问)

_______ _______the computer?

就划线部分提问)

_______ ______ children ______ _____ on the playground?

就划线部分提问)

______ ______ _______ ________ there under the tree?

就划线部分提问)

______ ______ _______ ________ there behind the door?

就划线部分提问)

______ ______ _______ ________ there in the bottle?

就划线部分提问)

______ ______ _______ ________ there in ______ cup?

七、特殊疑问句。（用正确的疑问词填空）

1.______ is the weather like today? 今天的天气如何?

2.______ is behind the door? 谁在门后？

3.______ won the prize? 哪个女孩得了奖？

4.______ bag is this? 这个包是谁的?

5.______ did you arrive? 你什么时候到的？

6. ______ do you want to build a science lab? 你为什么想建科学实验室？

7.______ shall we meet tomorrow? 我们明天在哪儿见面？

8.______ are you? 你好吗？

9. ___________ apples are there on the table? 桌子上有多少个苹果？

10. ___________ are these apples? 这些苹果多少钱？

11. ___________ have you lived here? 你在这儿住多久了？

12. ___________ will he come back? 他什么时候回来？

13. ___________ do you water the flowers? 你多长时间浇一次花？

14. ___________ are you? 你多大了?

八、介词填空。

1. Could you tell me something _______ WWF? I am really interested in animals.

2. Cindy usually goes to school ______ eight o’clock.

3. Marcia’s grandmother is _______ ninety years old. She is very healthy now.

4. Can you help me_____ my physics? It’s too difficult for me.

5. The picture of my family is _______ the wall.

6. There are two big windows ______ the wall.

7. Many students write their homework ______ pens.

8. My good friend Tony’s birthday is ______ January, 26th .

9. There are many pears ______ the tree. They look delicious.

10. What’s this _____ Japanese? Can you tell me?

九．辨析

1.interesting moving amazing surprising amazing（修饰物）

interested moved amazed surprised amazed （修饰人）

eg ：We are moved at the moving film.

2.pay spend cost take 这四个词都有花费的意思

Sb pay some money for sth.(人做主语, 结构是pay ….for)

Sb spent some money on sth 或 sb spend some money (in) doing sth

(人做主语, 结构为spend on/spend in dong)

Sth cost sb some money.(物做主语)

It takes sb some time/money to do sth(形式主语it)

Eg:我花了五元钱买这本书.( 注意时态用过去时)

I paid five yuan for the book. The book cost me five yuan.

I spent fiveyuan on the book=I spent five yuan (in) buying the book.

It took me five yuan to buy the book

3.cross .across. crossing. through .over(常区别across.through 与over)

across 指在物体的表面穿过 through指在物体的空间穿过over 指崇山峻岭上穿过

cross 是动词 across是介词 crossing是名词

4.in front of (没有范围) in the front of (有一定的范围限制) 在前面

Eg:He sat in the front of the bus. The bus 形成一定的范围

He sat in front of me.(无范围)

5.leave 与forget (忘记) leave+物+地点 forget+物不能加地点

6.in hospital in the hostipal (在医院) 这类词有很多, 加the 不加the 不一样

In hospital 指生病住院 in the hospital指在医院工作或去探视

7.at table (在吃饭=having meals) at the table 在座子旁边仅指位置

8.bring.take.carry.fetch/get 都有“携带”的意思

bring 指带来 take指带走 fetch/get指去取回来 carry指搬运重物

9.some 肯定句 already肯定句 and肯定句 too肯定/疑问句

any 否定/疑问句 yet否定/疑问句 or否定/疑问句 either否定句/条件状语从句

[注]在表示

11.good well 都有“好”之意 good 是形容词 well 是副词

12. many much 都是“大量的”many+可数名词复数much+不可数名词

13. too many too much much too 大量的 没有many too词组

too many+可数名词复数 too much+不可数名词 much too+形容词、副词

14.each ，every 都有“每一个的”意思

each 可以和of 连用 every指三者以上的每一个，不能和of 连用

both指两者都 all大于等于三者 eithe指两者中的任意一个

neither 指两者中的一个也没有 none指三者中的一个也没有

15.other —another —others –the other 与 else

other +名词复数 another+名词单数 others=other+名词复数 泛指

the other 特指 常用于one..the other的句型中 else=other+物

16. find 找的结果 see看的结果 hear听的结果

Look for 找的动作 look at看的动作listen to听的动作

17.and-with 和 的意思 and能做并列主语 with不能做并列主语

18.hope —wish 希望 hope不能加人在加to do,而wish 可以.

hope to do=wish to do hope +that从句 =wish+that从句

19.because-because of 因为 because+句子 because of+短语

20arrive —get to –reach 到达

arrive 不及物, 到达某地要加介词in/at in+大地方 at+小地方

21say-speak-tell-talk 说, 讲

Say 指说的内容 speak+语言 talk指谈话 tell讲故事或真理

综合练习

一、单项选择。（每小题1分，共20分）

（ ）1. The students are ______ their school trip.

A. in B. to C. at D. on

( ) 2. ______ are you doing these days ? I’m writing a book.

A. How B. What C. When D. Why

( ) 3. Kate and I ______ doing ______ homework now.

A. am , their B. are , their

C. is , our D. are , our

( ) 4. My paper plane is ______ the tree. I can’t get it .

A. in B. at C. under D. of

( ) 5. How many ______ are there in the picture ?

A. childs B. bread C. women D. meats

( ) 6. There _____ a kite and two pictures on the wall .

A. has B. is C. have D. be

( ) 7. Her mother is _____ . She _____ a car now .

A. a driver ; drive B. driver; drives

C. a driver ; is driving D. a driver ; is going to drive .

( ) 8. There is ______ orange in the basket . _____ orange is very big .

A. a ; A B. an ; An C. an ; The D. a; The

( ) 9. Is your mother cooking the meal ?

A. Yes ; she does B. Yes , she doesn’t C. No, she is . D. No, she isn ’t

( ) 10. What are you ____ , Tom ? I’m _____ TV.

A. doing watches B. doing watching

C. do watching D. do watch

( ) 11. My father often ______ to work by bus .

A. goes B. went C. is going D. was going

( ) 12. Look! The girl _____ lanterns.

A. is making B. makes C. make D. was making

( ) 13. Some foreign friends will visit us _____ Sunday afternoon .

A. is B. for C. at D. on

（ ）14. You’d better stay ______ .

A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed

( ) 15. He _____ a party next weekend.

A. have B. has C. having D. is going to have

( )16.I am looking forward ____ my friends .

A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. to visiting

( ) 17. Do you like _____ ?

A. swim B. swimming C. swimming D. swims

( ) 19. There will be ____ winds in winter .

A. heavy B. heavily C. strong D. strongly

( ) 20. Students go to school ______ .

A. five day a week B. five days a week

C. a week five days D. two days a week

10分）

It ’s nine o’clock ______ Sunday. What are my friends doing now ? Look ! There is a little ______ in front of the house . She is Fenny . She is ______ some flower. ________ are the man and the woman beside the house ? They ______ the girl’s parents ,Mr. and Mrs. Brown. They are planting trees . Look at the ____ near the river . They are John , Tom and Jerry . Are they playing or _____ ?They are working . John is carrying water, Tom is planting apple tree, _____ Jerry is watering the trees. ______ of them are busy . They are working very hard ! They are also very ______ .