情态动词表推测

情态动词用于推测的情况，指对某事情的发生与否进行推测，后面接不同的内容表示对不同的时态所发生的事情与否进行推测。

1. 情态动词+动词原形 对应于一般现在时，表示对经常发生的，有规律的事情的推测

2. 情态动词+be+v-ing 对应于现在进行时，表示对正在发生的事情的推测

3. 情态动词+have+v-ed 对应于现在完成时及一般过去时，表示对过去的或已经完成的事情的推测

对某事情的发生与否进行推测常用的情态动词：

1. 对事情的肯定的，完全有把握的推测用must ，意思为“一定”

2. 对事情的肯定的，不是完全有把握的推测，依照对其发生概率的肯定程度的强弱大小，依次用could, may, might, 其肯定程度逐渐减弱，意思为“可能”。

3. 对事情的否定的，完全有把握的推 测用can't ，表示“一定不，不可能”

4. 而疑问句中表示推测时，用can, could, 表示“可能”

所以两个部分结合起来

1. must be 一定是

could/may/might be 可能是 can ’t be 一定不是，不可能是 must do sth 一定...

could/may/might do sth 可能... can ’t do sth 一定不/不可能...

You must be hungry, you haven ’t had anything since yesterday.

They must be twins. They look quite the same.

That can’t be Mary. She is in hospital. You can’t be hungry, you have just had lunch.

There is someone outside. Who can it be?

Can he still be alive after these years?

He is not at home, he could/may/might be at school.

Anna could/may/might know her address.

He said he could/may/might be a little late.

I guess he could/may/might come tomorrow.

2.must be doing sth 一定在做某事 could/may/might be doing sth 可能在做某事

can ’t be doing sth一定不在做某事 There is a lot of noise from next door. They must be having a party.

The police are stopping all the cars.

They must be looking for the bad man. What can she be doing now? She can’t be telling the truth.

3.must have done sth

一定已经做了某事

could/may/might have done sth 可能已经做了某事

can ’t have done sth 不可能做过某事 should have done sth

本应该已经做了某事，但实际未做 I can’t find my book. I must have left it at home.

Ann is not here, she could/may/might have gone to the cinema.

He didn’t ask me. He can’t have known

my phone number.

You should have finished your work, but you didn ’t come to work until Friday.

1. Whose adj. Pron.谁的，那个人的 那一个的

2. Truck n.C 卡车，货车

Have/want no truck with sb/sth 拒绝接受，据不考虑，

拒绝与某某打交道

3. Picnic n.C 野餐，v. 野餐 Go for a picnic去野餐

Have a picnic野餐

Be no picnic可不容易，不是好玩的 →Picnicker n.C 野餐者

4. Rabbit n.C 兔，野兔

5. Attend v. 出席，参加

经常去，定期去某处 注意，专心

随同，陪同

伴随，发生

→Attendance n.U ，C 出席，参加 U ，C 出席人数 →Attendant n.C 服务员，侍者 Attend to sb/sth处理，对付，

照料，关怀

Be in attendance出席特别活动 Be in attendance on sb

陪侍，随侍某人左右

Take attendance点名

6. Valuable adj. 贵重的，宝贵的 Valueless adj.=worthless不值钱的 →Values n.C 是非标准，价值观 →Valuation n.C,U 估价，价值 →Priceless adj. 无价的

→Value n. U，C 价值

U 用途，积极作用

v. 重视，珍视

给某某定价，给某某估价 Go up/rise/increase in value升值 Go down/fall/drop in value贬值 Hold the value保值

Be of great value有重大的意义 Be of little /no value

对某人没什么毫无意义

Value sth at...将某某估价为

Value sth/sb for ...

某物因某某二受到重视

Value sb/sth as ...将某某视为...

7. Pink adj. 粉红色的

n.U,C 粉红色

8. Anybody pron. 任何人

9. Happening n. C事件，发生的事情

adj. 热闹的，时髦的

→Happen v. 发生，碰巧

Happen to do sth碰巧做某事 Sth happens to sb某人遭遇某事

10. Noise n.C,U 声音，噪音 Make a noise发出噪音

Make a noise about sth

大声诉苦，大声抱怨

→Noiseless adj. 没有噪音的，寂静的，

不出声的

→Noisy adj. 吵闹的，嘈杂的

→Noisily adv. 吵闹地，喧闹地

11. Policeman n.C 男警察 →Policewoman n.C 女警察

12. Wolf n.C 狼

13. Uneasy adj. 担心的，不安的 =anxious

→Uneasily adv.

Feel/be uneasy about doing sth 对做某事感到惴惴不安

14. Laboratory n.C 实验室

15. Outdoors adv. 在户外

16. Coat n.C 外套，外衣

17. Sleepy adj. 困倦的，瞌睡的 →Sleepily adv. 困倦地，疲倦地，

懒散地

→Sleepiness n.U 睡意，瞌睡

→Sleepless adj. 没有睡觉的，不眠的 →Sleeplessness n.U 失眠 Feel sleepy感到昏昏欲睡

18. Land v. 着陆，降落

陷入困境，使不得不应付 n. U 土地C 国家U 陆地

Land on 着陆

Take off起飞

Land in sth/land oneself in sth 使陷入困境

Land up in/at....=end up

最后落到某种处境

Land sb with sth把苦差事推给他人 Land oneself with sth主动承担苦差事

19. Alien n.C 外星人

20. Suit n.C 西服，套装

v. 适合

→Suitable adj. 适合的

→Unsuitable adj. 不适合的

→Suitably adv. 合适地，恰当地，

适宜地

Suit sb down to the ground

对某人非常方便，很合某人心意 Suit oneself随某人自己的意愿 Suit sth to sb/sth使适应于某人/事

21. Express v. 表示，表达

→Expression n.C,U 表示，表达

C 表情，短语

→Expressive adj. 富于表情的，

有表现力的

→Expressly adv. 清楚地，明确地，

确切地

→Expressively adv. 表现地，表示地

意味深长地

→Expressionless adj. 无表情的 呆板的

→Expressiveness n.U 善于表现，

表情丰富

Express oneself

表达自己的意见，想法等

Express sth to sb向某人表达某某

22. Circle n.C 圆圈

v. 圈出，盘旋转圈

Go round in circles在原地绕圈子 Run round in circles徒劳无功 Circle around above/over sb/sth 在某某上空盘旋

Circle the wagons结成同一战线

23. Britain 大不列颠

24. Mystery n.C 奥秘，神秘事物

神秘的人或事物 U 奥秘，神秘

→Mysterious adj. 神秘的，奇怪的 →Mysteriously adv. 神秘地，

故弄玄虚地，

难以理解地

→Mystical/mystic adj. 神秘的，

不可思议的

25. Receive v. 接待，接受，收到

Receive sth from sb从某人处获得某某 Be at/on the receiving end of sth 承受不愉快之事

→Received adj. 被承认的，

被一致认可的

→Receiver n.C 听筒

Receive a letter from sb

收到某人的来信

Receive the invitation收到邀请

26. Historian n.C 历史学家

27. Leader n.C 领导，领袖 Lead v. 带路，领路

与某某相连接，相通

导致，造成

使得出，引导某人

过着某种生活

Lead the way带路

Lead from/to sth与某某相连 Lead to/result in导致

Lead sb to sth使某人得出某结果 Lead a quiet life过着一种安静的生活 Lead sb by the nose完全操纵某人 Lead from the front带头，带动，引导 Lead sb nowhere毫无成果

Lead sb up/down the garden path 误导某人

Lead off from sth起始于某地 Lead sth off开始某事

Lead sb on误导某人

Take the lead取得领先

Hold the lead保持领先

Lose the lead失去领先

→Leaderless adj. 无领导的

→Leadership n.U 领导，领导地位 领导才能

→Leading adj. 最重要的，一流的

28. Midsummer n. 仲夏，中夏

29. Medical adj. 医疗的，医学的

→Medically adv. 医学上地，医药上地 →Medicate v. 用药物治疗

→Medication n.U,C 药，药物

→Medicinal adj. 有疗效的，药用的，

药的

→Medicine n.U, 医学U,C 药，药水 →Medic n.C 医生，大夫，医科生 救护人员

30. Purpose n.U 目的，目标，

意图，用途

意志，毅力，决心

For the purpose of...为某某的目的 On purpose 有意，故意地

To little/no purpose作用不大，徒劳 →Purposeful/purposive adj. 有目的的 目标明确的 有意义的

坚毅的，

果断的

→Purposefully adv. 有目的的，

自觉地

→Purposefulness n.U 目的性，

意志坚强

→Purposeless adj. 无目的的，无用的 无意义的

→Purposely adv. 故意地，蓄意地

31. Prevent v. 阻止，阻挠

→Preventable adj. 可以防止的

→Preventive adj. 预防性的，防备的 →Prevention n.U 预防，防止，防范 Prevent sb from doing sth

阻止某人做某事

Prevent (sb) doing sth阻止做某事

32. Energy n.C 力量，精力

U 精力，活力，干劲 →Energetic adj. 充沛的，充满活力的 需要能量的 →Energize v. 使充满热情，

给某人增添能量

为某某提供电力

33. Position n.C 位置，地方

U 恰当位置，正确位置

C 处境，地位，状况

C 观点，态度，立场

C,U 地位，等级

V. 安装，安置，使处于

→Positional adj. 位置上的，地位上的 Change one’s position改变立场

34. Burial n.C,U 埋葬，安葬 Burial ground墓地，坟地

35. Honor v. 尊重，表示敬意

给予表扬

做某事感到荣幸

n.U 尊敬，尊重，崇敬

C 荣幸，U 荣耀

C 奖励，荣誉称号，头衔

It ’s one’s/ an honor to do sth 做某事是某人的荣幸

Do sb an honor给某人带来荣耀 Have the honor of doing sth

有幸做某事

In honor of sb/in sb’s honor

为向某人表示敬意

On sb’s honor以某人名誉担保 Honor s with sth 授予某人某物 Be /feel honored to do sth

做某事感到荣幸

→Honorable adj. 可敬的，值得钦佩的 品格高尚的

→Honorably adv. 体面地，值得尊敬地

36. Ancestor n.C 祖宗，祖先

37. Victory n.C,U 胜利，成功

The/a victory against/over sb战胜某某 →Victorious adj. 获胜的，战胜的，

胜利的

38. Enemy n.C 敌人，仇人

Make an enemy of sb与某人为敌 The enemy 敌军，敌国，敌兵

39. Period n. 一段时间，时期

A period of time一段时间

Have a picnic野餐

Go on/for a picnic去野餐

At the picnic在野餐中

Sth be valuable to sb某物对某人有价值 The book is so valuable to me.

Sth be worth doing值得做某事

The book is worth reading for several times.

Attend a meeting/concert 出席会议，参加音乐会

Would you like to attend a concert with me this evening?

Take part in参加，加入

All the classmates hope that I can take part in the competition.

The rest of...某某的剩余部分

Make a noise/noises吵闹

The baby is sleeping,so don ’t make a noise.

Nothing much没什么

There is nothing much to do except sleeping in such a cold day.

There must be sth/sb doing sth 一定有某某在做什么

There must be someone watching tv in the room since I can hear the sound which was made by the television.

Have fun doing sth做某事高兴

We had fun having a visit to the farm. Hear sb do sth听见某人做了某事

I heard my mother walk down the steps. Hear sb doing sth听见某人在做某事

I heard a boy giving a speech in the room this morning.

Take off起飞，腾飞, 脱下

Do morning exercises 做早操

Many old people have done morning exercises in the park for many years. Take exercise=do sports做运动

We should take much exercise to keep healthy.

Express oneself表达自己的想法，意思，意见等

We should be brave to express ourselves

when we need.

Express sth to sb向某人表达某事

The young man expressed his respect to the old professor.

Express a difference表达差异

Receive/get a letter from sb=hear from sb收到某人的来信

I have never received a letter from him since he left for Beijing.

Write (a letter)to sb写信给某人 Point out指出

Point at 指向（较近范围） point to 指向（较远范围）

In a certain way以某种方式

The problem can only be worked out in a certain way.

On purpose 有意地，故意地

The purpose of某某的目的

The purpose of the invention is to help the people who is unable to go out in a certain time.

For business / learning purposes 为了商

业，学习目的

I come here to join you for learning purposes.

Honor sb with sth=be honored with sth授予某人某物

The queen honored the man with a medal. In honor of 向某某表示敬意

The museum was built in honor of the people who died in the war.

A group of一组，一群

A group people have already arrived at the museum.

V olunteer sth献出某物

V olunteer to do sth自愿做某事

The students volunteered to help the old in their free time.

Waif for sb 等候某人 wait for sb to do sth 等候某人做某事

Wait for doing sth 等候做某事

I am waiting for you to come and join us. Belong to sb 属于某人

The book is belong to me.

Pick up捡起，接送某人

The man picks up his son with a bike every day.

At first起初

In the neighborhood在这个社区 Go away走开

Feel sleepy感觉困倦的

After a day’s work, i felt very sleepy. Run after追赶

Add information添加信息

Communicate with sb与某人交流

Parents should communicate with their children when there is something important happening.

Have a medical purpose 有医疗目的 Have a medical effect有医疗效果 Have an effect on sth/sb对某某有影响 What parents said and did can have an important effect on their children. Prevent illness预防疾病

Talk to sb on the phone 与某人在电话上交谈

Linda is talking with her friend about the plan for weekends on the phone.